002071: Osmolality - Labcorp

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002071: Osmolality

Osmolality Test Number 002071Test number copied CPT 83930

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Test Details
Specimen Requirements
LOINC®

Test Details

Methodology

Freezing point depression

Result Turnaround Time

1 - 3 days

Turnaround time is defined as the usual number of days from the date of pickup of a specimen for testing to when the result is released to the ordering provider. In some cases, additional time should be allowed for additional confirmatory or additional reflex tests. Testing schedules may vary.

Use

Evaluate electrolyte and water balance, hyperosmolar status, and hydration status; evaluate dehydration, acid-base balance; evaluate seizures; clue to alcoholism, methanol toxicity, ethylene glycol ingestion; evaluate antidiuretic hormone function, liver disease, hyperosmolar coma, evaluate hypernatremia. Osmolarity measures the concentration of particles in solution.

Special Instructions

State patient's age on the request form.

Custom Additional Information

High serum osmolality can result from hypernatremia, dehydration, hyperglycemia, mannitol therapy, azotemia, ingestion of ethanol, methanol, ethylene glycol. Thus, osmolality has a role in toxicology and in coma evaluation. Elevated serum osmolality with normal sodium suggests possible hyperglycemia, uremia, or alcoholism.1

Low serum osmolality may be secondary to overhydration, hyponatremia, syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) with carcinoma of lung and other entities.

Specimen Requirements

Specimen

Serum or plasma

Volume

2 mL

Minimum Volume

0.2 mL (Note: This volume does not allow for repeat testing.)

Container

Red-top tube, gel-barrier tube, or green-top (heparin) tube

Collection Instructions

Pediatric: Blood drawn from heelstick for capillary. Separate serum or plasma from cells as soon as possible after clot formation. Transfer specimen to a plastic transport tube.

Stability Requirements

Temperature	Period
Room temperature	14 days
Refrigerated	14 days
Frozen	14 days
Freeze/thaw cycles	Stable x3

Reference Range

Neonatal: may be as low as 266 mOsm/kg; 0 to 60 years: 275−295 mOsm/kg; 61 years and older: 280−301 mOsm/kg

Storage Instructions

Refrigerate

Causes for Rejection

Hemolysis; EDTA plasma submitted

Footnotes

1. Weisberg HF. Unraveling the laboratory model of a syndrome: The osmolality model. In: Young DS, Hicks J, Nipper H, et al, eds. Clinician and Chemist. The Relationship of the Laboratory to the Physician. Washington, DC: American Association of Clinical Chemistry;1979:200-243.

LOINC® Map

Order Code	Order Code Name	Order Loinc	Result Code	Result Code Name	UofM	Result LOINC
002071	Osmolality	2692-2	002071	Osmolality	mOsmol/kg	2692-2
Order Code	002071
Order Code Name	Osmolality
Order Loinc	2692-2
Result Code	002071
Result Code Name	Osmolality
UofM	mOsmol/kg
Result LOINC	2692-2

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