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What to Feed Local Deer (and When You Should Do It) Download ArticleIdeal foods for the local white-tailed deer population (and how to provide it legally) Co-authored by Amber Crain
Last Updated: October 14, 2025 Approved
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What to Feed Deer
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When to Feed Deer
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Where to Feed Deer
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Improving the Natural Habitat
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Warnings
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This article was co-authored by wikiHow staff writer, Amber Crain. Amber Crain has been a member of wikiHow’s writing staff for the last six years. She graduated from the University of Houston where she majored in Classical Studies and minored in Painting. Before coming to wikiHow, she worked in a variety of industries including marketing, education, and music journalism. She's been a radio DJ for 10+ years and currently DJs a biweekly music program on the award-winning internet radio station DKFM. Her work at wikiHow supports her lifelong passion for learning and her belief that knowledge belongs to anyone who desires to seek it. There are 9 references cited in this article, which can be found at the bottom of the page. wikiHow marks an article as reader-approved once it receives enough positive feedback. This article received 41 testimonials and 96% of readers who voted found it helpful, earning it our reader-approved status. This article has been viewed 594,774 times. Learn more...
If you've spotted white-tailed deer on or near your property, you might be interested in providing food for them (especially during the long, harsh winter months). But what exactly do deer eat? Is it safe to feed them? In this article, we'll cover the ideal foods for deer to munch on, what foods are harmful, and the best times (and ways) to feed your local deer. If you're ready to get started, scroll on down!
Things You Should Know
Feed deer specially formulated deer food mixes for an easy option. Supplement feed mixes with fresh produce and oats.
Stick to feeding deer in the harsh winter months when their natural food sources become scarce. Feed them consistently since they may come to rely on you.
The best long-term way to feed deer is to improve their habitat so they have readily available food sources year-round. Plant trees, shrubs, and herbs for local deer.
Steps
Method 1 Method 1 of 4:
What to Feed Deer
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1 Go with formulated deer food mixes for an easy option. These mixes can typically be found at feed mills or pet supply stores. Deer feed mixes are usually a mix of alfalfa, oats, soybeans, molasses, and several vitamins and minerals. This type of food is easy for deer to digest, making it ideal for feeding.
2 Supplement deer food mixes with oats and fresh produce. If formulated deer food mixtures are unavailable, oats are the next best supplemental food for deer. Oats provide deer with a healthy mixture of fiber and carbohydrates without disrupting their digestive system.
Produce like apples, grapes, cherries, pears, carrots, and snap peas are eaten by deer in nature, so go with whatever is in season in your area in the spring and summer months.[1]XResearch source
Acorns are a safe and natural food source that deer enjoy in the fall and winter months.[2]XResearch source
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3 Cut down tree branches to feed deer for a cheap and safe option. In nature, deer eat twigs and other natural forest vegetation. To provide them with more of their natural food source, cut down branches that are out of their reach. This is one of the safest and most natural ways to keep deer fed throughout the year.[3]XResearch source
White tailed deer prefer the following trees/shrubs: white cedar, birches, aspens, American yew, hemlock, maples, ash, white pine, mountain ash, scarlet elder, sumac, witch-hobble, and high bush cranberry.
Avoid beech, balsam fir, spruces, and larch (these are unpalatable, indigestible, or both).[4]XResearch source
Scatter cut limbs in areas where you've spotted deer before (or put limbs in areas where you'd like to attract deer).
4 Do not feed deer a corn diet. A deer's digestive system is complex, and corn happens to be one of the worst types of food for them. Unfortunately, many deer end up extremely sick or dead because animal lovers believe that corn is good for deer. When deer are offered a sudden supply of corn, they aren't able to adjust to the high carbohydrate diet, and they end up dying.[5]XResearch source
Since deer typically eat woody vegetation found in forests, don't feed them foods that are rich in fats and carbohydrates.
Advertisement Method 2 Method 2 of 4:
When to Feed Deer
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1 Feed deer during the winter months. Since deer's natural food source is made up from woody vegetation, it becomes harder for them to find food during the winter. This is the reason many people choose to feed deer. If you decide to feed deer during the winter months, be careful to feed them the proper types of food and slowly introduce it into their diets.[6]X Trustworthy Source University of Missouri ExtensionUniversity of Missouri program dedicated to research-based, practical public education Go to source
Twigs, buds, and leaves of woody plants such as elms, honeysuckle, raspberry, black cherry, basswood, grape, and hawthorn are great choices. Leaf buds and evergreen leaves are especially important during winter in northern states.[7]XResearch source
2 Introduce new food to deer slowly so their systems can adjust. It takes deer 2-4 weeks to adjust to a new diet, so start feeding them any new foods gradually. Slowly introduce new types of food by combining them with their natural diet of woody vegetation.[8]XResearch source
3 Feed local deer consistently rather than sporadically. When deer are fed by humans, they can easily become dependent and stop foraging for food naturally. If you feed deer and then suddenly stop (even if you've simply run out of food temporarily), the deer may go hungry, start bothering you for more food, or become aggressive.
Once spring comes, wean deer off of supplemental food so that they can begin foraging for food on their own again.[9]X Trustworthy Source State of IndianaOfficial site for state-approved sources related to life in Indiana, including laws, services, and culture Go to source
Keep in mind that year-round supplemental feeding is very controversial because it can be unsafe for deer and spread disease. Many wildlife organizations urge people not to do it and some states have made it illegal.[10]XResearch source
Advertisement Method 3 Method 3 of 4:
Where to Feed Deer
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1 Make sure it's legal to feed wild animals in your area or state. Feeding wildlife is often regulated by local laws and wildlife commissions, and laws vary from state to state. Some states allow feeding between certain dates and prohibit it between other dates. Others have laws that dictate how much you're allowed to feed deer.
Many states have outlawed feeding deer altogether, so it's important to check.[11]XResearch source
To find out your local laws, check government wildlife and forest websites for your state.
2 Set up deer feeders or troughs in your yard or on your property. Put the feeders or troughs as far away from your home as possible since close proximity can result in property damage. Keep feeders or troughs full at all times in the winter, or stick to a set feeding time each day.
Early morning or sunset are good times for feeding.
An adult white-tailed deer eats about 5-7 pounds of food per day.[12]XResearch source
Try to avoid interacting with the deer since this makes them less fearful of humans, and more likely to become prey.[13]XResearch source
3 Find a legal and public location where you can feed deer. Many local wildlife organizations set up feeding sites for deer – these are public places where deer can come to feed. Bringing food to these sites helps feed deer without you having to take on full responsibility of feeding local white-tails.
These organizations know the proper times to feed deer and the right amount of food to give them.
Advertisement Method 4 Method 4 of 4:
Improving the Natural Habitat
Download Article
1 Plant trees and fresh produce to provide natural food sources for deer. This is a more natural way to feed deer and reduces the amount of daily feeding maintenance for you. Planting trees also helps the environment in general (which is always a nice bonus).[14]XResearch source
Plant fruit trees (like apple trees), maple trees, or aspen trees on your property if you want to provide natural resources for deer.
2 Get involved with your local wildlife agency. Getting involved with your local wildlife agency will allow you to help deer and other local wildlife the best way possible. Dealing with professionals is a great way to make a difference and actually help wild animals in the long-term. Contact your state wildlife agency or conservation organizations for more information.[15]XResearch source
3 Allow deer hunters on your land if your area is overpopulated. If you live on hunt-able land, allow hunters to use your land during hunting season. Many rural areas are overpopulated with deer, which is why they face food shortages. Hunting keeps deer populations in balance with their available habitat, and minimizes the negative impacts on deer habitat, farmers, residents, and motorists.[16]XResearch source
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Question Can I feed deer the vegetable peelings that I would normally put in my compost pile? Or vegetables such as tomatoes, celery, spinach or bell peppers that are past their prime? wikiHow Staff Editor Staff Answer This answer was written by one of our trained team of researchers who validated it for accuracy and comprehensiveness. wikiHow Staff Editor Staff Answer Deer enjoy eating most kinds of fresh produce and it's also safe for deer to eat fresh produce (including rinds). Thanks! We're glad this was helpful.Thank you for your feedback. If wikiHow has helped you, please consider a small contribution to support us in helping more readers like you. We’re committed to providing the world with free how-to resources, and even $1 helps us in our mission. Support wikiHow Yes No Not Helpful 3 Helpful 16
Question Can you feed deer sweet feed that they sell for cows or horses? What kind of oats and where can you buy it in bulk? wikiHow Staff Editor Staff Answer This answer was written by one of our trained team of researchers who validated it for accuracy and comprehensiveness. wikiHow Staff Editor Staff Answer Don't feed deer sweet feed meant for cows and horses; they have a specific diet and giving them food outside of that can do more harm than good. You can usually buy oats in bulk at feed supply stores. Thanks! We're glad this was helpful.Thank you for your feedback. If wikiHow has helped you, please consider a small contribution to support us in helping more readers like you. We’re committed to providing the world with free how-to resources, and even $1 helps us in our mission. Support wikiHow Yes No Not Helpful 6 Helpful 10
Question Should the oats be wet or dry? wikiHow Staff Editor Staff Answer This answer was written by one of our trained team of researchers who validated it for accuracy and comprehensiveness. wikiHow Staff Editor Staff Answer Dry oats are just fine for deer. You don't need to get oats wet before putting them out for the deer. Thanks! We're glad this was helpful.Thank you for your feedback. If wikiHow has helped you, please consider a small contribution to support us in helping more readers like you. We’re committed to providing the world with free how-to resources, and even $1 helps us in our mission. Support wikiHow Yes No Not Helpful 4 Helpful 12
See more answers Ask a Question 200 characters left Include your email address to get a message when this question is answered. Submit Advertisement
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Tips
If you observe deer carefully you can determine their age which may help you know if the local population is healthy. Thanks Helpful 18 Not Helpful 4
Submit a Tip All tip submissions are carefully reviewed before being published Name Please provide your name and last initial Submit Thanks for submitting a tip for review! Advertisement
Warnings
Feeding deer can be detrimental to their natural instincts and can create unnatural and harmful environments. Talk to your local wildlife organization before deciding to feed deer. Thanks Helpful 16 Not Helpful 1
Training deer to lose their fear of humans can expose them to danger. Thanks Helpful 29 Not Helpful 6
Deer often carry deer ticks that cause Lyme disease. Always check yourself thoroughly for ticks after visiting an area deer frequent. Thanks Helpful 5 Not Helpful 0
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Co-authored by: Amber Crain wikiHow Staff Writer This article was co-authored by wikiHow staff writer, Amber Crain. Amber Crain has been a member of wikiHow’s writing staff for the last six years. She graduated from the University of Houston where she majored in Classical Studies and minored in Painting. Before coming to wikiHow, she worked in a variety of industries including marketing, education, and music journalism. She's been a radio DJ for 10+ years and currently DJs a biweekly music program on the award-winning internet radio station DKFM. Her work at wikiHow supports her lifelong passion for learning and her belief that knowledge belongs to anyone who desires to seek it. This article has been viewed 594,774 times. 27 votes - 96% Co-authors: 36Updated: October 14, 2025 Views: 594,774 Categories: Wildlife | Farm Animals and LivestockArticle SummaryX
To feed deer, gradually introduce new foods to their diet along with foods that they'd normally eat in the wild so they don't get sick. For example, you could start by feeding the deer that visit your yard branches and woody vegetation. Then, slowly introduce other foods, like oats, fruits, vegetables, and acorns. You can also purchase specially formulated deer food mixes that are great for deer. Just make sure you get the deer used to their new diet before winter since that's when their natural food supply will decrease. To learn how to set up a feeding area to attract deer to your yard, scroll down!Did this summary help you?YesNo
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Reader Success Stories
Jackie De Hon
Nov 20, 2017
"A wounded deer (female) wandered into my yard yesterday. I called Sheriff's office, Wildlife office, and wildlife rescue. The first two said they could send someone to "put her down." I wanted to help her! I put out creep food that we feed the deer and gave her a tomato. We keep a pond in the yard so they have access to water. I researched on Google and it appears the best thing is to provide a safe place, food, water. I am. I hope she will stay in our safe yard until she gets better."..." more
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Yes No Advertisement If you buy through links on our site, we may earn a commission.Cookies make wikiHow better. By continuing to use our site, you agree to our cookie policy. Co-authored by: Amber Crain wikiHow Staff Writer Co-authors: 36Updated: October 14, 2025 Views: 594,77496% of readers found this article helpful. 27 votes - 96% Click a star to add your vote
Jackie De Hon
Nov 20, 2017
"A wounded deer (female) wandered into my yard yesterday. I called Sheriff's office, Wildlife office, and wildlife rescue. The first two said they could send someone to "put her down." I wanted to help her! I put out creep food that we feed the deer and gave her a tomato. We keep a pond in the yard so they have access to water. I researched on Google and it appears the best thing is to provide a safe place, food, water. I am. I hope she will stay in our safe yard until she gets better."..." more
Naida Wilkins
Jun 29, 2017
"I have a doe who visits frequently. I have provided apples during the winter on a regular basis to her and upwards of nine other deer. This spring she has started eating the cat food on the porch and accepts an apple, is close to taking it from my hand. Your article has convinced me to change my ways. I will no longer coax her closer, and I'll be more conscious of the cat food being left out. Additionally, I'll tell my neighbor to stop feeding them corn. Thank you so much. "..." more Rated this article:
Zeda Williams
Oct 26, 2017
"I've been clearing an area on my property to plant naturalizing bulbs and woodland plants. As I've moved more into the forest line, I've noticed the deer coming around in the dawn and at dusk. I don't know if they are investigating what I'm doing or if they were there all along and I never noticed. Based on your article, my project will include adding trees and shrubs to attract deer and I plan to add a small water feature, salt lick, and feeding station. What fun!"..." more
Nancy Osterman Rowland
Feb 6, 2017
"I have twin fawn's (born in the spring) who are assisting the rabbit & birds with eating bread, apples and squash. I do not think mom was able to teach them how to winter eat. Your page has helped me to know safe foods to give them and we will go out & get them twigs. This was the 4th site I went to and I am very glad I kept looking as you folks seem to know just what I needed! Thank you very much!"..." more
Jill S.
Jul 20, 2017
"I live in a gentrifying neighborhood outside of NYC & have 4 deer using my yard as a feeding/ safe resting place. Our town's deer are very confused, and often get hit due to increasing traffic. Your article taught me what foods to safely offer & to work with wildlife officials. Great article, would be even better if it had links to wildlife officials. The deer and I thank you very, very much!"..." more Share yours! More success stories Hide success stories
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Download Article Ideal foods for the local white-tailed deer population (and how to provide it legally) Co-authored by Amber Crain 
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Co-authored by: Amber Crain wikiHow Staff Writer This article was co-authored by wikiHow staff writer, Amber Crain. Amber Crain has been a member of wikiHow’s writing staff for the last six years. She graduated from the University of Houston where she majored in Classical Studies and minored in Painting. Before coming to wikiHow, she worked in a variety of industries including marketing, education, and music journalism. She's been a radio DJ for 10+ years and currently DJs a biweekly music program on the award-winning internet radio station DKFM. Her work at wikiHow supports her lifelong passion for learning and her belief that knowledge belongs to anyone who desires to seek it. This article has been viewed 594,774 times. 27 votes - 96% Co-authors: 36 Updated: October 14, 2025 Views: 594,774 Categories: Wildlife | Farm Animals and Livestock Article SummaryX
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1 Go with formulated deer food mixes for an easy option. These mixes can typically be found at feed mills or pet supply stores. Deer feed mixes are usually a mix of alfalfa, oats, soybeans, molasses, and several vitamins and minerals. This type of food is easy for deer to digest, making it ideal for feeding. 
2 Supplement deer food mixes with oats and fresh produce. If formulated deer food mixtures are unavailable, oats are the next best supplemental food for deer. Oats provide deer with a healthy mixture of fiber and carbohydrates without disrupting their digestive system. 
3 Cut down tree branches to feed deer for a cheap and safe option. In nature, deer eat twigs and other natural forest vegetation. To provide them with more of their natural food source, cut down branches that are out of their reach. This is one of the safest and most natural ways to keep deer fed throughout the year.[3] 
4 Do not feed deer a corn diet. A deer's digestive system is complex, and corn happens to be one of the worst types of food for them. Unfortunately, many deer end up extremely sick or dead because animal lovers believe that corn is good for deer. When deer are offered a sudden supply of corn, they aren't able to adjust to the high carbohydrate diet, and they end up dying.[5] 
1 Feed deer during the winter months. Since deer's natural food source is made up from woody vegetation, it becomes harder for them to find food during the winter. This is the reason many people choose to feed deer. If you decide to feed deer during the winter months, be careful to feed them the proper types of food and slowly introduce it into their diets.[6] 
2 Introduce new food to deer slowly so their systems can adjust. It takes deer 2-4 weeks to adjust to a new diet, so start feeding them any new foods gradually. Slowly introduce new types of food by combining them with their natural diet of woody vegetation.[8] 
3 Feed local deer consistently rather than sporadically. When deer are fed by humans, they can easily become dependent and stop foraging for food naturally. If you feed deer and then suddenly stop (even if you've simply run out of food temporarily), the deer may go hungry, start bothering you for more food, or become aggressive. 
1 Make sure it's legal to feed wild animals in your area or state. Feeding wildlife is often regulated by local laws and wildlife commissions, and laws vary from state to state. Some states allow feeding between certain dates and prohibit it between other dates. Others have laws that dictate how much you're allowed to feed deer. 
2 Set up deer feeders or troughs in your yard or on your property. Put the feeders or troughs as far away from your home as possible since close proximity can result in property damage. Keep feeders or troughs full at all times in the winter, or stick to a set feeding time each day. 
3 Find a legal and public location where you can feed deer. Many local wildlife organizations set up feeding sites for deer – these are public places where deer can come to feed. Bringing food to these sites helps feed deer without you having to take on full responsibility of feeding local white-tails. 
1 Plant trees and fresh produce to provide natural food sources for deer. This is a more natural way to feed deer and reduces the amount of daily feeding maintenance for you. Planting trees also helps the environment in general (which is always a nice bonus).[14] 
2 Get involved with your local wildlife agency. Getting involved with your local wildlife agency will allow you to help deer and other local wildlife the best way possible. Dealing with professionals is a great way to make a difference and actually help wild animals in the long-term. Contact your state wildlife agency or conservation organizations for more information.[15] 
3 Allow deer hunters on your land if your area is overpopulated. If you live on hunt-able land, allow hunters to use your land during hunting season. Many rural areas are overpopulated with deer, which is why they face food shortages. Hunting keeps deer populations in balance with their available habitat, and minimizes the negative impacts on deer habitat, farmers, residents, and motorists.[16] Advertisement 
wikiHow Staff Editor Staff Answer This answer was written by one of our trained team of researchers who validated it for accuracy and comprehensiveness.