Ad- - Wiktionary

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ad"

English

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin ad-. Doublet of at-.

Prefix

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ad-

1. (no longer productive) Doing, enacting, forming a verb. accouple, admarginate, admixture, attune
2. Near, close to, adjacent. adaxonal, addental, admedial
3. Towards in direction or movement. (anatomy) Towards the midline of the body. adapical, adfluvial, adgerminal
4. (no longer productive) Intensifying, additionally. acclaim, adsignification, adspection
5. Along, alongside. admarginal, adnervular, adstratum
6. Appending and/or prepending. Adding from either side. adfix, adposition, affix
7. Modifying. adnominal, adverb, assoil
8. Atop or above in position. adatom, adcumulate, aggrade

Derived terms

[edit] English terms prefixed with ad- accend accident acclaim accrue adæquate adambulacral adanal adapical adatom adaxial adaxonal adbasal adcauline adcloacal coadunition accouple acculturalization acculturation adcumulate addental adepithelial adessive adfix affix adfluvial adfreeze adgerminal aggrade adspection adjust adlocation adluminal adluminally admarginate admarginal admaxillary admedial admedially admedian admesal admesial admix admixture adnervular adneural adnominal adopt adoral append applot adposition adpromissor appropinquity approve adrectal adren- adrenal adreno- arrest adrostral adsignification adsignify assoil adsorboluminescence adstratal adstratum adsymphysial attune adverb advergence terms derived from doing

• accident
• acclaim
• accouple
• accrue
• acculturation
• adjust
• admarginate
• admix
• admixture
• adopt
• affix
• append
• arrest
• attrap
• attune

terms derived from near

• adambulacral
• adanal
• adaxial
• adaxonal
• adcloacal
• addental
• adepithelial
• adessive
• admaxillary
• admedial
• admedially
• admedian
• admesal
• adneural
• adoral
• adrectal
• adrenal
• adrostral
• adsymphysial
• appropinquity

terms derived from towards

• adapical
• adaxial
• adbasal
• adcauline
• adfluvial
• adfreeze
• adgerminal
• adluminal
• adluminally
• admesial

terms derived from intensifying

• accend
• acclaim
• adsignification
• adspection

terms derived from along

• admarginal
• adnervular
• adstratal
• adstratum

terms derived from appending

• adfix
• adposition
• affix

terms derived from modifying

• adnominal
• adverb
• assoil

terms derived from atop

• adatom
• adcumulate
• aggrade

Translations

[edit] near; at

Portuguese: ad- (pt), a- (pt)

References

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• “ad-”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 4th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin, 2000, →ISBN.
• “ad-”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.

Anagrams

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• D. A., D.A., DA, Da, da

Catalan

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Prefix

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ad-

1. ad-

Ido

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Etymology

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Prefix form of ad. Also based on Latin ad-.

Prefix

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ad-

1. to (indicating that to which there is movement, tendency or position, with or without arrival) portar (“carry, bear”) → adportar (“bring, carry (to a person or place)”) ube (“where”) → adube (“where to (with motion), whither”)

Derived terms

[edit] Ido terms prefixed with ad- adavane aden adfluar adjacanta adjuntar adjustigar adportar adpozar adpozo adsub adsur advere advokar

Latin

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Alternative forms

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(forms assimilated to a following consonant, in descending order of frequency)[1]

• ap-, at-, ac-
• al-, ar-
• ag-, as-, af-
  • a- (before /ɡn/ or /sC/; cf. agnoscō, astō)
• am-, an- (uncommon)
• ab- (very rare)

Etymology

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Prefixed form of the preposition ad (“to, towards”). This prefix also appears in other Italic languages, entailing the reconstruction of Proto-Italic *ad- as a prefix.

Prefix

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ad-

1. to
2. usually prefixed to verbs, in which cases it often has the effect of intensifying the verbal action

See also

[edit] Latin terms prefixed with ad- abbatto adhaereo adaequo adaero adaestuo adaggero aggero adagium adigo adalligo adambulo adamo adamplio adaperio adipiscor adapto adaquo adaro attempto adaucto adaugeo adaugesco atavus adbito abastardo adbello adbibo abblandior adblandior adblatero abbrevio accido accendo accano accino accepto accipio accusito accuso accedo accelero accenseo accio accingo acclamo acclaro acclino acclivis accognosco accolo accommodo acconcilio accongero accorporo accredo accresco accubito accubo accumbo accumulo accuro accurro addecet addecimo addeico addenseo addenso addico addigito addisco addivino addo addoceo addormisco addubito adduco adedo adimo adeo adequito aderro adesco adesurio affabulatio affecto afficio adfero affero affido affigo affiguro affingo affirmo afflecto affleo afflicto affligo afflo affluo affodio affor afformido affremo affrico affrio affulgeo adfundo aggaudeo adgemo aggenero aggeniculor adgero agglomero agglutino agnascor agnatus agnosco aggredior adgratulor adgravesco aggravo aggrego agguberno adhibeo adhaeresco adhalo adhamo adhinnio adhortor adhospito adiaceo adicio adimpero adimpleo adincresco adinflo adinspecto adinvenio adiudico adiugo adjugo adiungo adiuro adiuvo allabor allaboro allacto allicio adlacrimo allacrimo allido allatro allaudo adlavo alluo allego allevio allevo alligo allino alloco alloquor adlubesco alluceo alluctor alludio alludo allumino adminiculum admaturo admeo admetior admigro administro admiror admisceo admitto admoderor admodulor admolior admoneo admordeo admoveo admugio admurmuro admurmuror admutilo adnato adnavigo adnecto adnicto annihilo adnitor annitor adno anno adnodo adnoto adnubilo annullo

References

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1. ^ Pages 170‒1 of Cser, András (2020). The phonology of Classical Latin. Transactions of the Philological Society. 118: 1–218.

Lushootseed

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Prefix

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ad-

1. your (singular)

Luwian

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Alternative forms

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• az-, at-, ad-(ti)

Etymology

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From Proto-Anatolian *h₁(é)d-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ed- (“to eat”).

Root

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ad-

1. to eat

Forms

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• (participle) 𒀀𒁕𒄠𒈪𒅔𒍣 (a-da-am-mi-in-zi)
• (3rd person plural imperative) 𒀀𒁕𒀭𒁺 (a-da-an-du, “they eat!”)
• (infinitive) 𒀀𒁺𒈾 (a-du-na, “to eat”)
• (2nd person singular present) 𒊍𒍝𒀸𒋾𒅖 (az-za-aš-ti-iš, “you eat”)

Old Irish

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Etymology

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From Proto-Celtic *ad-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd (“near, at”). Cognates include Latin ad and English at.

Prefix

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ad-

1. to, towards
2. in many compounds, it has a purely intensive sense
3. augment infix used instead of ro- on verbs whose first prefix is com- and the stressed syllable starts with a consonant ‎con·birt (“you conceived”) + ‎ad- → ‎con·abairt (“you have conceived”) (forms of con·beir) ‎con·melt (“(s)he rubbed”) + ‎ad- → ‎con·amailt (“(s)he had rubbed”) (forms of con·meil) ‎·coscrad (“not destroyed”) + ‎ad- → ‎·comscarad (“had not destroyed”) (past subjunctive prototonic forms of con·scara) ‎con·gab (“it contained”) + ‎ad- → ‎con·acab (“it had contained”) (forms of con·gaib) ‎*·cotla + ‎ad- → ‎·comthala (subjunctive forms of con·tuili (“to sleep”))

Usage notes

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• ad-, when used as an augment affix, vanishes in prototonic forms due to syncope. However, its presence may be detected via the different syncope patterns between forms augmented with ad- and those that were not.
• In deuterotonic verbs where ad- is the first prefix and the next sound is /t/, the d in the prefix may be dropped in its spelling.

Derived terms

[edit] Old Irish terms prefixed with ad- accuis adágathar adais adbar adcí adella adora adaig adanaig adamrae adnacul adannai asagúsi attach doadbat appriscc epaid adclaid adcobra accomol adcomla adcondairc adcosnai adcota addaim doáirci doaitni dobeir dofairget addaí duacair duaisilbi adetha foácaib foálgi foammámaigedar adfét acrae adgair adgládathar aicde indarbae indárban ammus admidethar admuinethar adnoí adrig adrími áram adroilli adslig attá tánaise adteich adtluchedar adtreba adopair idbart ɔammadar

Descendants

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• Irish: a- (no longer productive)

Mutation

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radical	lenition	nasalization
ad-(pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)	ad-	n-ad-

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

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• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “ad-”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Portuguese

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Alternative forms

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• a-

Prefix

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ad-

1. ad- (near; at)

Further reading

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• “ad-”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “ad-”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Welsh

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Alternative forms

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• at-

Etymology

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From Proto-Brythonic *ate-, from Proto-Celtic *ati-.[1] from Proto-Indo-European *éti.[2] Cognate with Cornish as-, English ed-, Latin et (“and”), Sanskrit अति (ati, “over-”).

Pronunciation

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• IPA(key): /ad/

Prefix

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ad-

1. again, back, re- Synonym: ail- ‎ad- + ‎llais (“voice”) → ‎adlais (“echo”) ‎ad- + ‎talu (“to pay”) → ‎ad-dalu (“to refund”) ‎ad- + ‎blas (“taste”) → ‎adflas (“aftertaste”)
2. affirmative prefix, emphasises prefixed word ‎ad- + ‎cas (“hated, nasty”) → ‎atgas (“hateful, detestable”)

Derived terms

[edit] Welsh terms prefixed with ad- adfeilio adfer adrodd adargraffiad adargraffu adfach adfachu adferf adflas adfyd adfywio adgynorthwyydd atal adyn adennill adalw adenedigaeth adlyn adlynu adolygu adosod adwaith adweinyddu adweithio adwthio adwyth adladd adlais adlam adlamu adlaw adlef adlen adleoli adlewyrch edliw adlog adlonni adlunio adfeddiannu adfilwr adnodd adnod adborth adran ad-dalu atalu adref ad-drefnu atynnu

Mutation

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radical	soft	nasal	h-prothesis
ad-	unchanged	unchanged	had-

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

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1. ^ Morris Jones, John (1913), A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative, Oxford: Clarendon Press, § 156 i (1)
2. ^ Morris Jones, John (1913), A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative, Oxford: Clarendon Press, § 222 i (3)

Ye'kwana

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ALIV	ad-
Brazilian standard	ad-
New Tribes	ad-

Pronunciation

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• IPA(key): [ad-]

Prefix

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ad-

1. (Cunucunuma River dialect) alternative form of adh-