Camouflage - Wiktionary

See also: Camouflage

English

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing from French camouflage, from camoufler (to veil, disguise), alteration (due to camouflet (smoke blown in one's face)) of Italian camuffare (to muffle the head), from ca- (from Italian capo (head)) + muffare (to muffle), from Medieval Latin muffula, muffla (muff). This Medieval Latin, from which there is also English muffle, is either derived from a Frankish *molfell (soft garment made of hide) from *mol (softened, forworn) (akin to Old High German molawēn (to soften), Middle High German molwic (soft)) + *fell (hide, skin), from Proto-Germanic *fellą (skin, film, fleece), or, an alternate etymology traces it to a Frankish *muffël (a muff, wrap, envelope) composed of *mauwa (sleeve, wrap) from Proto-Germanic *mawwō (sleeve) + *fell (skin, hide) from Proto-Germanic *fellą (skin, film, fleece).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈkæ.məˌflɑːʒ/
  • Audio (Southern England):(file)
  • Hyphenation: cam‧ou‧flage

Noun

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camouflage (countable and uncountable, plural camouflages)

A leopard's natural camouflage
  1. A disguise or covering up.
  2. The act of disguising.
  3. (military) The use of natural or artificial material on personnel, objects, or tactical positions with the aim of confusing, misleading, or evading the enemy.[1]
  4. (textiles) A pattern on clothing consisting of irregularly shaped patches that are either greenish/brownish, brownish/whitish, or bluish/whitish, as used by ground combat forces.
  5. (biology) The resemblance of an organism to its surroundings for avoiding detection.
    • 2013 May-June, William E. Conner, “An Acoustic Arms Race”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, pages 206–7:Earless ghost swift moths become “invisible” to echolocating bats by forming mating clusters close[]above vegetation and effectively blending into the clutter of echoes that the bat receives from the leaves and stems around them. Many insects probably use this strategy, which is a close analogy to crypsis in the visible world—camouflage and other methods for blending into one’s visual background.
  6. Clothes made from camouflage fabric, for concealment in combat or hunting.

Derived terms

[edit]
  • active camouflage
  • anticamouflage
  • camo (by abbreviation)
  • Camotint
  • camouflage discipline
  • camouflage net
  • camouflage passport
  • camouflagic
  • camouflanguage
  • dazzle camouflage
  • immunocamouflage
  • spamouflage
[edit]
  • camoufleur

Translations

[edit] disguise
  • Arabic: تَمْوِيه (tamwīh)
  • Bulgarian: маскировка (bg) f (maskirovka)
  • Catalan: camuflament (ca) m
  • Czech: maska (cs) f, převlek m, převlečení n, předstírání (cs) n
  • Finnish: naamiointi (fi), valeasu (fi)
  • French: déguisement (fr) m
  • Galician: camuflaxe f
  • German: Tarnmaterial n, Tarnung (de) f
  • Hungarian: kamuflázs (hu), álca (hu), álcaháló, álcázóanyag
  • Indonesian: kamuflase (id), samaran (id)
  • Irish: duaithníocht
  • Japanese: 迷彩 (ja) (めいさい, meisai)
  • Norwegian: Bokmål: forkledning (no) m or f
  • Persian: استتار (fa) (estetâr)
  • Polish: kamuflaż (pl) m, barwa ochronna f, kolor ochronny m
  • Portuguese: camuflagem (pt) f
  • Romanian: camuflaj (ro) n
  • Russian: камуфля́ж (ru) m (kamufljáž), маскиро́вка (ru) f (maskiróvka)
  • Slovak: kamufláž f
  • Turkish: kılık değiştirme
  • Welsh: cuddliw (cy) m, ffugliw m
act of disguising
  • Bulgarian: маскиране n (maskirane)
  • Catalan: camuflament (ca) m
  • Czech: maskování n
  • Esperanto: kamufli
  • Finnish: naamiointi (fi)
  • French: camouflage (fr) m
  • Galician: camuflaxe f
  • German: Tarnen n
  • Hungarian: álcázás (hu), leplezés (hu), rejtőzködés (hu)
  • Indonesian: kamuflase (id), penyamaran (id)
  • Irish: duaithníocht f
  • Italian: camuffaggio
  • Maori: whakatūrehutanga, whakatārehutanga
  • Norwegian: Bokmål: forkledning (no) m or f
  • Polish: barwa ochronna f, maskowanie (pl) n, kolor ochronny m
  • Portuguese: camuflagem (pt) f
  • Romanian: camuflare (ro) f
  • Russian: камуфля́ж (ru) m (kamufljáž), маскиро́вка (ru) f (maskiróvka)
  • Slovak: kamufláž f
  • Turkish: kılık değiştirme
military
  • Albanian: please add this translation if you can
  • Armenian: կամուֆլյաժ (hy) (kamuflyaž), ներկաքողարկում (hy) (nerkakʻoġarkum)
  • Bulgarian: камуфлаж m (kamuflaž)
  • Catalan: camuflament (ca) m
  • Crimean Tatar: please add this translation if you can
  • Czech: kamufláž (cs) f, maskování n, zamaskování n
  • Danish: camouflage c, sløring c
  • Esperanto: kamuflo
  • Estonian: please add this translation if you can
  • Finnish: naamiointi (fi)
  • French: camouflage (fr) m
  • Galician: camuflaxe f
  • Georgian: კამუფლაჟი (ḳamuplaži)
  • German: Tarnen n, Tarnung (de) f, Camouflage (de) f
  • Greek: καμουφλάζ (el) n (kamoufláz)
  • Hungarian: álcázás (hu)
  • Italian: mimetizzazione f
  • Latvian: please add this translation if you can
  • Lithuanian: please add this translation if you can
  • Norwegian: Bokmål: kamuflasje m, kamuflering m
  • Polish: kamuflaż (pl) m, barwa ochronna f, kolor ochronny m
  • Portuguese: camuflagem (pt) f
  • Russian: камуфля́ж (ru) m (kamufljáž), маскиро́вка (ru) f (maskiróvka)
  • Slovak: kamufláž f
  • Swedish: kamouflage (sv) n, maskering (sv) c
  • Turkish: please add this translation if you can
  • Ukrainian: please add this translation if you can
pattern
  • Catalan: camuflament (ca) m
  • Chinese: Mandarin: 迷彩 (zh) (mícǎi)
  • Czech: kamufláž (cs) m, maskování n
  • Finnish: maastokuvio (fi)
  • German: Tarnmuster (de) n
  • Hungarian: terepminta
  • Japanese: 迷彩 (ja) (めいさい, meisai)
  • Korean: 미채(迷彩) (michae)
  • Norwegian: Bokmål: kamuflasje m
  • Swedish: kamouflage (sv) n
  • Thai: ลายพราง
biology
  • Catalan: camuflament (ca) m
  • Chinese: Mandarin: 保護色 / 保护色 (zh) (bǎohùsè)
  • Czech: mimikry n pl
  • Finnish: suojaväritys
  • French: camouflage (fr)
  • Galician: camuflaxe f
  • German: Tarnung (de) f
  • Greek: καμουφλάζ (el) n (kamoufláz)
  • Haitian Creole: kamouflaj
  • Hungarian: álcázás (hu), mimikri (hu), kamuflázs (hu)
  • Japanese: 保護色 (ほごしょく, hogoshoku)
  • Korean: 보호색(保護色) (ko) (bohosaek)
  • Norwegian: Bokmål: kamuflasje m, beskyttelseslikhet m, mimikry m, vernelikhet m
  • Portuguese: camuflagem (pt) f
  • Swedish: kamouflage (sv) n
clothes
  • Chinese: Mandarin: 迷彩服 (zh) (mícǎifú)
  • Czech: maskáče f pl
  • Finnish: maastopuku (fi)
  • German: Tarnanzug (de) m
  • Hungarian: terepszínű egyenruha, terepmintás ruha
  • Japanese: 迷彩服 (ja) (めいさいふく, meisaifuku)
  • Korean: 위장복(僞裝服) (wijangbok)
  • Norwegian: Bokmål: kamuflasjedrakt m or f, kamuflasjeuniform m or f
  • Swedish: kamouflagekläder c pl
  • Thai: ลายพราง
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations. Translations to be checked
  • Albanian: (please verify) maskim (sq) ?, (please verify) maskimnë ushtri
  • Basque: (please verify) kamuflaje
  • Danish: (please verify) camouflage c; (please verify) sløring c
  • Dutch: (please verify) camouflage (nl) m; (please verify) maskeren (nl) n; (please verify) verhulling f
  • Estonian: (please verify) kamuflaaž; (please verify) maskeering
  • French: (please verify) camouflage (fr) m; (please verify) déguisement (fr) m
  • Hebrew: (please verify) הסוואה f (hasva'á)
  • Hindi: (please verify) छद्यावरण ? (chadyāvraṇ)
  • Icelandic: (please verify) dulbúningur (is) m; (please verify) dulklæði n pl
  • Indonesian: kamuflase (id)
  • Irish: duaithníocht f
  • Italian: camuffamento m
  • Japanese: (please verify) カモフラージュ (ja) (kamufurāju); 擬装 (ja) (ぎそう, gisō)
  • Latvian: kamuflāža f
  • Lithuanian: kamufliažas ?
  • Malay: penyamaran
  • Portuguese: camuflagem (pt) f
  • Romanian: camuflaj (ro) n
  • Russian: (please verify) камуфляж (ru) m (kamufljaž); (please verify) маскировка (ru) f (maskirovka); (please verify) переряжение n (pererjaženije)
  • Serbo-Croatian: (please verify) камуфлажа f, (please verify) kamuflaža (sh) f
  • Serbo-Croatian: (please verify) kamuflaža (sh) f
  • Slovak: (please verify) kamufláž m; (please verify) maskovanie n; (please verify) zastieranie n
  • Spanish: camuflaje (es) m
  • Swahili: (please verify) kamaflaji; (please verify) majificho
  • Swedish: kamouflage (sv) c
  • Telugu: చాటు (te) (cāṭu), ముసుగు (te) (musugu)
  • Turkish: kamuflaj (tr)
  • Welsh: cuddliw (cy) m

Verb

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camouflage (third-person singular simple present camouflages, present participle camouflaging, simple past and past participle camouflaged)

  1. (transitive) To hide or disguise something by covering it up or changing its appearance.
    • 1960 January, “New reading on railways”, in Trains Illustrated, page 26:THE CONCISE ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF WORLD RAILWAY LOCOMOTIVES. Edited by P. Ransome-Wallis. Hutchinson. 50s.A gaudy jacket, remarkably out of keeping with the contents, camouflages the weightiest and meatiest work on a railway topic since the war.
    • 1962 October, Brian Haresnape, “Focus on B.R. passenger stations”, in Modern Railways, pages 250–251:Elegant brick and stone buildings, with iron and glass canopies and decorative wooden scalloping and fencing—all evidencing care on the part of the architect to produce a pleasing, well-planned building—were submerged beneath a profusion of ill-conceived additions and camouflaged by vulgar paint schemes; and the original conception was lost.

Derived terms

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  • camo
  • camouflageable
  • camouflager

Translations

[edit] hide, disguise
  • Basque: kamuflatu
  • Bulgarian: замаскирвам (bg) (zamaskirvam)
  • Catalan: camuflar (ca)
  • Danish: camouflere; sløre
  • Dutch: camoufleren (nl)
  • Finnish: naamioida (fi)
  • French: camoufler (fr)
  • Galician: camuflar (gl)
  • German: tarnen (de)
  • Hebrew: הסווה (hisvá)
  • Hungarian: álcáz (hu)
  • Indonesian: berkamuflase (id), menyamar (id)
  • Irish: duaithnigh
  • Italian: camuffare (it)
  • Luxembourgish: camoufléieren
  • Maori: whakatārehu, whakatūrehu
  • Norwegian: Bokmål: kamuflere, maskere
  • Polish: maskować (pl)
  • Portuguese: camuflar (pt)
  • Romanian: camufla (ro)
  • Russian: камуфли́ровать (ru) impf (kamuflírovatʹ), закамуфли́ровать (ru) pf (zakamuflírovatʹ); маскирова́ть (ru) impf (maskirovátʹ), замаскирова́ть (ru) pf (zamaskirovátʹ)
  • Spanish: camuflar (es), camuflajear (es)
  • Swedish: kamouflera (sv), maskera (sv)
  • Welsh: cuddliwio

References

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  1. ^ (JP 1-02 Department of Defense Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms).

Further reading

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  • camouflage on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
  • Category:camouflage on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons

Danish

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Danish Wikipedia has an article on:camouflageWikipedia da

Alternative forms

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  • kamuflage

Etymology

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Borrowed from French camouflage.

Noun

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camouflage c (singular definite camouflagen, plural indefinite camouflager)

  1. camouflage

Declension

[edit] Declension of camouflage
commongender singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative camouflage camouflagen camouflager camouflagerne
genitive camouflages camouflagens camouflagers camouflagernes

Derived terms

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  • camouflagedragt
  • camouflagefarve
  • camouflagetøj
  • camouflageuniform
[edit]
  • camouflere
  • camouflering

References

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  • “camouflage” in Den Danske Ordbog

Dutch

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing from French camouflage.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˌkaː.muˈflaː.ʒə/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: ca‧mou‧fla‧ge
  • Rhymes: -aːʒə

Noun

[edit]

camouflage f (plural camouflages, no diminutive)

  1. camouflage [from mid 1910s]

Derived terms

[edit]
  • camouflagekleur
[edit]
  • camoufleren

Descendants

[edit]
  • Indonesian: kamuflase
  • West Frisian: kamûflaazje

French

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Etymology

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From camoufler (disguise, to hide) +‎ -age (noun-forming suffix).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ka.mu.flaʒ/
  • Audio (France (Vosges)):(file)
  • Audio (Switzerland (Valais)):(file)

Noun

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camouflage m (plural camouflages)

  1. camouflage

Descendants

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  • English: camouflage
    • Japanese: カモフラージュ
  • German: Camouflage
  • Greek: καμουφλάζ n (kamoufláz)
  • Korean: 카무플라주 (kamupeullaju)
  • Norwegian Bokmål: kamuflasje
  • Portuguese: camuflagem
  • Romanian: camuflaj
  • Russian: камуфля́ж (kamufljáž) (see there for further descendants)
  • Spanish: camuflaje
  • Turkish: kamuflaj
  • Danish: camouflage

Further reading

[edit]
  • “camouflage”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Tag » What Does The Word Camouflage Mean