Caramel - Wiktionary

See also: Caramel

English

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Alternative forms

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• caromel (archaic)

Etymology

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Borrowed from French caramel, from Spanish caramelo, from Portuguese caramelo, dissimilated from Late Latin calamellus, diminutive of calamus (“reed”) (and a doublet of chalumeau and shawm). Alternatively from Medieval Latin cannamellis, which is a compound of canna + mellis.

Pronunciation

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• enPR: kă′rə-məl, -mĕl′, kär′məl[1]
• (Received Pronunciation, General Australian, New Zealand) IPA(key): /ˈkæ.ɹəˌmɛl/, /ˈkæ.ɹə.məl/[2][3][4]
• (General American, without the Mary–marry–merry merger) IPA(key): /ˈkæɹ.ə.mɛl/, /ˈkæɹ.ə.məl/[2][3][4]
• (General American, Mary–marry–merry merger) IPA(key): /ˈkɛɹ.ə.mɛl/, /ˈkɛɹ.ə.məl/[4]

• Audio (US, without the Mary–marry–merry merger):

  (file)

• (General American) IPA(key): /ˈkɑɹ.məl/,[3][4][5] /ˈkɑɹ.ə.məl/, /ˈkɑɹ.ə.mɛl/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• (Dublin) IPA(key): /ˈkʲa.ɾə.mɛl/, /ˈkʲæ.ɾə.mɛl/, /ˈkʲa.ɹə.mɛl/, /ˈkʲæ.ɹə.mɛl/
• Hyphenation: car‧a‧mel[1]

Usage notes

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Both the two-syllable and the three-syllable pronunciations are very common in all regions of the United States. The three-syllable pronunciation is more common than the two-syllable one in the South (excluding western Texas), northern New Jersey, eastern New York, and New England, while the two-syllable one is more common in other regions.[6]

Noun

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caramel (countable and uncountable, plural caramels)

1. (uncountable) A smooth, chewy, sticky confection made by heating sugar and other ingredients until the sugars polymerize and become sticky.
   • 2004, Harold McGee, chapter 12, in On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen, Scribner, →ISBN:The usual technique for making caramel is to mix table sugar with some water, then heat until the water has boiled off and the molten sugar colors.
2. (countable) A (sometimes hardened) piece of this confection.
   • 2004, Harold McGee, chapter 12, in On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen, Scribner, →ISBN:Caramel has a rich, complex flavor and consistency, viscous and sticky and creamy all at once, that works well with most sweets and fruits, with coffee and chocolate, and even with salt: the prized caramels of Brittany are made with a notable dose of sea salt.
3. A yellow-brown color, like that of caramel. caramel:  

Derived terms

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• ammonia caramel
• caramel apple
• caramel chicken
• caramelesque
• caramel fuel
• caramelicious
• caramelise, caramelize
• caramelization
• caramellike
• caramelly
• caustic sulphite caramel
• creme caramel
• crème caramel
• sulphite ammonia caramel

Translations

[edit] confection

Afrikaans: karamel Albanian: karamel, sheqerkë (sq) f Arabic: كَرَامِيل m (karāmīl), كَرَامِيل m (karamel) Armenian: կարամել (hy) (karamel) Azerbaijani: karamel Basque: karamelu Belarusian: караме́ль f (karamjélʹ) Bulgarian: караме́л (bg) m (karamél) Catalan: caramel (ca) m Chinese: Cantonese: 牛奶糖 (ngau4 naai5 tong4-2), 焦糖 (ziu1 tong4-2) Mandarin: 焦糖 (zh) (jiāotáng) Czech: karamel (cs) m Danish: karamel c Dutch: karamel (nl) m Esperanto: karamelo Estonian: karamell Faroese: karamel Finnish: kinuski (fi), karamelli (fi) French: caramel (fr) m Georgian: კარამელის (ḳaramelis) German: Karamell (de) n, Caramel n Greek: καραμέλλα (el) f (karamélla) Gujarati: કારામેલ f (kārāmel) Hebrew: קָרָמֶל (he) m (qaramel) Hindi: कैरमेल m (kairmel) Hungarian: karamell (hu) Icelandic: karamella (is) f Ido: karamelo (io) Indonesian: karamel (id) Interlingua: caramello Irish: caramal Italian: caramello (it) m Japanese: キャラメル (ja) (kyarameru), カラメル (ja) (karameru) Korean: 캐러멜 (kaereomel); 캬라멜 (kyaramel) (North Korea), 기름사탕 (ko) (gireumsatang) Lao: ເຂົ້າໜົມກະຮາແມນ (khao nom ka hā mǣn) Latin: calamus (la) Latvian: karamele f Lithuanian: saldainis m, karamelė f Macedonian: карамел m (karamel) Malay: karamel (ms) Maltese: karamella f Manx: caramel Māori: karamea Marathi: शर्करारंजक (śarkarārañjak), कॅरमेल m (kĕrmel) Norwegian: Bokmål: karamell (no) m Nynorsk: karamell m Persian: کارامل (fa) (kârâmel) Polish: karmel (pl) m inan Portuguese: caramelo (pt) m Romanian: caramel (ro), caramelă (ro) Russian: караме́ль (ru) f (karamélʹ) Scots: caramail Slovene: karamela (sl) f Spanish: caramelo (es) m, dulce de leche (es) m, natillas (es) f pl, manjar blanco m, cajeta (es) f, arequipe m, arequipa f Swahili: karmeli, karameli Swedish: karamell (sv) c tjinuski c Tagalog: karamelo, arnibal Tamil: கேரமல் (kēramal) Telugu: కార్మెల్ (kārmel) Thai: คาราเมล (kaa-raa-meel), น้ำตาลไหม้ Turkish: karamel (tr), karamela (tr) Ukrainian: карамель (uk) f (karamelʹ) Uzbek: karamel (uz) Vietnamese: kẹo caramen, kẹo (vi) Volapük: karam (vo) Welsh: caramel m

a piece of candy

Danish: karamel c Finnish: karamelli (fi) German: Karamelle (de) f, Karamellbonbon (de) n, Karamellzuckerl n Interlingua: caramello Polish: karmelek (pl) m inan Spanish: caramelo (es) m

color

Bulgarian: карамел (bg) m (karamel) Finnish: keltaruskea Italian: caramello (it) m Japanese: キャラメル色 (キャラメルいろ, kyarameruiro) Korean: 캐러멜색 (ko) (kaereomelsaek) Polish: kolor karmelowy m inan

See also

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• fudge, toffee

Adjective

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caramel (not comparable)

1. Of a yellow-brown color.
   • 2001, Nicole Sconiers, California Schemin': The Black Woman's Guide to Surviving in LA:Every time I saw this caramel cutie, she was working on a new proposal or business plan or flyer to promote herself and her event coordinating business.

Translations

[edit] of a yellow-brown color

Polish: karmelowy (pl)

Verb

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caramel (third-person singular simple present caramels, present participle (US) carameling or (UK) caramelling, simple past and past participle (US) carameled or (UK) caramelled)

1. (transitive, cooking, dated) To caramelize.
   • 1900, M. M. Mallock, The Economics of Modern Cookery: Or, A Younger Son's Cookery Book:To turn out, place the dish over the mould, and invert both together, when, if the caramelling has been complete, the pudding should slip out without any difficulty at all.

Translations

[edit] to caramelize

Polish: karmelizować impf, skarmelizować pf

References

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1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 “caramel”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 “caramel”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.: /ˈkarəmɛl/, /ˈkarəm(ə)l/
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 “caramel”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 “caramel”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
5. ^ “caramel” (US) / “caramel” (UK) in Macmillan English Dictionary.: /ˈkerəˌmel/, /ˈkɑrməl/
6. ^ Dialect Survey map 1, showing that both pronunciations are common in all regions, and map 2, showing the regions in which the di- and tri-syllabic pronunciations predominate

Further reading

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• caramel on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

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• Maracle, cameral, ceramal, maceral, reclama

Catalan

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Spanish caramelo, derived from Portuguese caramelo, derived from Latin calamellus. Doublet of caramell.

Pronunciation

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• IPA(key): (Central, Balearic) [kə.ɾəˈmɛl]
• IPA(key): (Valencia) [ka.ɾaˈmɛl]
• Hyphenation: ca‧ra‧mel

Noun

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caramel m (plural caramels)

1. caramel (confection)
2. candy, sweet
   • 2016 November 9, Idoya Noain, “¿Què serà del nostre país?”, in El Periódico‎[1]:És com si a Hillary Clinton li haguessin ficat la mà a les butxaques i li haguessin tret els caramels.It's as if Hillary Clinton had her hands in her pockets and her candy taken out.

Derived terms

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• acaramel·lar
• caramel·litzar
• encaramel·lar

Further reading

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• “caramel”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007
• “caramel”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2026
• “caramel” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “caramel” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
• “caramel” in ésAdir, El portal lingüístic de la Corporació Catalana de Mitjans Audiovisuals.

French

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Spanish caramelo, derived from Portuguese caramelo, probably derived from Late Latin calamellus, and therefore doublet of the inherited chalumeau.

Pronunciation

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• IPA(key): /ka.ʁa.mɛl/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Audio (France (Agen)):

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• Audio (France (Toulouse)):

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• Audio (France (Vosges)):

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• Audio (France (Lyon)):

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• Audio (France (Vosges)):

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• Audio (France (Lyon)):

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• Hyphenation: ca‧ra‧mel

Noun

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caramel m (plural caramels)

1. fudge; caramel (confection)

Derived terms

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• caraméliser

Descendants

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• → Czech: karamel
• → Danish: karamel
• → Finnish: karamelli
• → Dutch: karamel
• → English: caramel
• → German: Karamell
• → Norwegian Bokmål: karamell
• → Norwegian Nynorsk: karamell
• → Polish: karmel
• → Russian: караме́ль (karamélʹ)
  • → Armenian: կարամել (karamel)
  • → Kazakh: карамель (karamel)
  • → Ukrainian: караме́ль (karamélʹ)
• → Swedish: karamell
• → Turkish: karamel

Further reading

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• “caramel”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012

Anagrams

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• calmera, clamera, réclama

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from French caramel.

Noun

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caramel n (plural carameluri)

1. caramel (confection) Synonym: caramelă

Declension

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singular		plural
indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative-accusative	caramel	caramelul	carameluri	caramelurile
genitive-dative	caramel	caramelului	carameluri	caramelurilor
vocative	caramelule		caramelurilor