Census - Wiktionary

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English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:censusWikipedia

Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin cēnsus, from cēnseō. See censor.

Pronunciation

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  • (UK) IPA(key): /ˈsɛnsəs/
  • Audio (US):(file)

Noun

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census (countable and uncountable, plural censuses or censusses or census)

  1. An official count or enumeration of members of a population (not necessarily human), usually residents or citizens in a particular region, often done at regular intervals.
    • 1984, 43:03 from the start, in Dune‎[1] (Science Fiction), spoken by Reverend Mother Ramallo, →OCLC:As you know, the Imperium has never been able to take a census of the Fremen. Everyone thinks that there are but few wandering here and there in the desert. My Lord, I suspect an incredible secret has been kept on this planet: that the Fremen exist in vast numbers- vast- and it is they who control Arrakis.
  2. Count, tally.
    • 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, chapter 7, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC:In what census of living creatures, the dead of mankind are included ...
  3. (historical) A type of tax levied by feudal lords on peasants.
  4. (cellular automata) A count of the number of individual patterns within a larger pattern, most often the ash of a soup or a methuselah.

Derived terms

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  • anticensus
  • census area
  • census-designated place
  • census tract
  • intercensus
  • microcensus
  • noncensus
  • postcensus
  • precensus
  • recensus
[edit] English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱens- (0 c, 14 e)

Translations

[edit] official count of members of a population
  • Afrikaans: sensus
  • Arabic: تَعْدَاد اَلسُّكَّان m (taʕdād as-sukkān), إِحْصَاء اَلسُّكَّان m (ʔiḥṣāʔ as-sukkān), تَعْدَاد m (taʕdād)
  • Armenian: մարդահամար (hy) (mardahamar)
  • Asturian: censu de población
  • Azerbaijani: siyahıyaalınma, əhalinin siyahıyaalınması
  • Bashkir: халыҡ иҫәбен алыу (xalıq iśəben alıw)
  • Belarusian: пе́рапіс насе́льніцтва m (pjérapis nasjélʹnictva), пе́рапіс m (pjérapis)
  • Bengali: আদমশুমারি (bn) (adomśumari)
  • Bulgarian: преброяване на населението n (prebrojavane na naselenieto)
  • Catalan: cens (ca) m, cens de població m
  • Chechen: нахбагарбар (naxbagarbar)
  • Chinese: Mandarin: 人口普查 (zh) (rénkǒu pǔchá), 人口調查 / 人口调查 (zh) (rénkǒu diàochá), 戶口檢查 / 户口检查 (hùkǒu jiǎnchá)
  • Cornish: niveryans m
  • Czech: sčítání lidu n
  • Danish: folketælling c
  • Dutch: volkstelling (nl) f
  • Egyptian:
    V13N35 W24G43X1Y1Z2
    (ṯnwt f)
  • Esperanto: censo, popolnombrado
  • Estonian: rahvaloendus
  • Finnish: väestönlaskenta (fi)
  • French: recensement (fr) m, recensement de la population m
  • Frisian: West Frisian: folkstelling
  • Galician: censo (gl) m, padrón (gl) m
  • Georgian: აღწერა (ka) (aɣc̣era), მოსახლეობის აღწერა (mosaxleobis aɣc̣era)
  • German: Zensus (de) m, Volkszählung (de) f, Befragung (de) f, Bevölkerungszählung f, Zählung (de) f
  • Greek: απογραφή (el) f (apografí) Ancient Greek: ἀπογραφή f (apographḗ)
  • Hebrew: מפקד אוכלוסין
  • Hindi: जनगणना (hi) (jangaṇnā)
  • Hungarian: népszámlálás (hu)
  • Icelandic: manntal (is) n
  • Ido: kontado (io), nombrizado (io), kontaduro
  • Indonesian: sensus (id)
  • Inuktitut: ᓈᓴᐃᔩᑦ (naasaiyiit)
  • Irish: móráireamh m, daonáireamh m
  • Italian: censo (it) m, censimento (it) m
  • Japanese: 国勢調査 (ja) (こくせいちょうさ, kokusei chōsa), 人口調査 (ja) (じんこうちょうさ, jinkō chōsa)
  • Javanese: cacah sirah
  • Kazakh: халық санағы (xalyq sanağy)
  • Korean: 인구조사 (ko) (in'gujosa), 국세조사 (guksejosa)
  • Kurdish: Central Kurdish: سەرژمێر (serijmêr) Northern Kurdish: serjimêrî (ku) f, nifûsjimêrî f
  • Kyrgyz: эл каттоо (el kattoo)
  • Latvian: tautas skaitīšana
  • Lithuanian: cenzas m, gyventojų surašymas
  • Macedonian: попис m (popis)
  • Malay: banci (ms)
  • Māori: tatauranga, kautetanga
  • Marathi: जनगणना f (jangaṇnā)
  • Mongolian: Cyrillic: хүн амын тооллого (xün amyn toollogo), хүн амын нийдэм байцаалт (xün amyn niidem bajcaalt) (China) Mongolian script: ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨᠠᠮ ᠦᠨᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ (kümün am-ün toɣalalg-a), ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨᠠᠮ ᠦᠨᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠮᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ (kümün am-ün neyidem bayičaɣalta)
  • Navajo: bílaʼashdlaʼii náóltahígíí
  • Norwegian: Bokmål: folketelling m or f Nynorsk: folketeljing f
  • Pashto: سرشمېرنه
  • Persian: سرشماری (fa)
  • Polish: spis ludności m, spis statystyczny m
  • Portuguese: censo (pt) m, recenseamento (pt) m, censo demográfico m
  • Punjabi: ਮਰਦਮਸ਼ੁਮਾਰੀ (pa) (mardamaśumārī)
  • Romanian: recensământ (ro) n
  • Russian: пе́репись населе́ния (ru) f (pérepisʹ naselénija), пе́репись (ru) f (pérepisʹ)
  • Serbo-Croatian: cenzus (sh) m, popis stanovništva m
  • Slovak: sčítanie ľudu n, sčítanie obyvateľstva n
  • Slovene: popis prebivalstva m
  • Spanish: censo (es) m
  • Swahili: sensa (sw)
  • Swedish: folkräkning (sv) c
  • Tagalog: lahatambilang
  • Tajik: барӯйхатгирии аҳолӣ (barüyxatgiri-yi aholi)
  • Thai: สำมะโน (th) (sǎm-má-noo)
  • Tibetan: མི་འབོར་ཞིབ་བཤེར (mi 'bor zhib bsher, literally “investigation of the quantity of people”), མི་འབོར་གྲངས་བཤེར (mi 'bor grangs bsher), མི་རྩིས (mi rtsis, literally “people calculation”)
  • Turkish: nüfus sayımı (tr)
  • Ukrainian: пере́пис насе́лення m (perépys nasélennja), пере́пис m (perépys)
  • Urdu: مردم شماری
  • Vietnamese: (cuộc) điều tra dân số (politically sensitive), (cuộc) thống kê dân số, (cuộc) kiểm kê dân số
  • Volapük: pöpinümäd
  • Welsh: cyfrifiad (cy) m
  • Yiddish: צענזוס m (tsenzus)

See also

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  • headcount

Verb

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census (third-person singular simple present censuses or censusses, present participle censusing or censussing, simple past and past participle censused or censussed)

  1. (transitive) To conduct a census on.
    • 1893, Census of India, 1891, volume 23, page 347:Each page of the schedule was crossruled with 8 lines, capable of censussing 8 individuals.
    • 2008, Pierandrea Brichetti et al., “Recent declines in urban Italian Sparrow Passer (domesticus) italiae populations in northern Italy”, in Ibis, page 179, column 2:Indeed, none of the recorded characteristics of buildings nor their location affected our counts of breeding Sparrows, which appeared to be distributed rather homogeneously across the urban areas we censused.
  2. (intransitive) To collect a census.
    • 1965, Fauna & Flora, page 46:My initiation to waterfowl censussing took place in the early days of the A.W.E., as it is familiarly known, when I served as a junior to one of the ablest of the Witwatersrand pioneers, Royce Reed. The method used must remain one of the three basic methods of Transvaal waterfowl censussing, although it has certain inherent limitations.
    • 1995, Netherlands Journal of Zoology, volume 45, page 390:For 14 individuals, eight censusses per daily period were performed within two weeks (32 censusses per individual), each time recording the coordinates of location. The territories of the individuals were defined as the area defended successfully against conspecifics by agonistic and/or non-agonistic behaviour, as described by Wickler (1969) and Nelissen (1976). The locations of the territories were determined from censussing; their sizes were estimated by behavioural observations.

Translations

[edit] collect a census
  • Chinese: Mandarin: 進行人口普查 / 进行人口普查 (jìnxíng rénkǒu pǔchá)
  • Dutch: (het volk) tellen
  • Finnish: suorittaa väestönlaskenta
  • German: Zensus (de) m
  • Greek: απογράφω (el) (apográfo)
  • Ido: kontar (io), nombrizar (io)
  • Italian: censire (it)
  • Turkish: nüfus sayımı (tr)
  • Vietnamese: điều tra dân số (politically sensitive), thống kê dân số, kiểm kê dân số

Dutch

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin census. Doublet of cijns and tijns.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈsɛn.zʏs/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: cen‧sus

Noun

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census m (plural censussen, no diminutive)

  1. a census Synonym: volkstelling
  2. (historical) a tax that one has to pay to receive the right to vote in jurisdictions with census suffrage Synonym: cijns

Derived terms

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  • censuskiesrecht
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  • accijns
  • censor
  • censureren
  • censuur
  • cijns

Descendants

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  • Afrikaans: sensus
  • → Indonesian: sensus
  • → Sranan Tongo: sènses

Latin

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Etymology

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Perhaps from earlier Proto-Italic *kenssos, which was itself possibly remade from earlier *kenstos on the model of terms such as *penssos. This form *kenstos may derive from earlier Proto-Indo-European *ḱn̥s-tós, from *ḱens-.[1]

Pronunciation

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  • (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈkẽː.sʊs]
  • (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈt͡ʃɛn.sus]

Noun

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cēnsus m (genitive cēnsūs); fourth declension

  1. census, a registering of the populace and their property
  2. a register resulting from a census
  3. (poetic) rich gifts, presents, wealth

Declension

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Fourth-declension noun.

singular plural
nominative cēnsus cēnsūs
genitive cēnsūs cēnsuum
dative cēnsuī cēnsibus
accusative cēnsum cēnsūs
ablative cēnsū cēnsibus
vocative cēnsus cēnsūs

Descendants

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  • → Asturian: censu
  • → Catalan: cens
  • → Dutch: census
  • → English: census
  • → Old French: cens
    • French: cens
      • → Romanian: cens
    • → Middle Dutch: cijns
      • Dutch: cijns
  • → Galician: censo
  • → German: Zensus
  • → Italian: censo
  • → Lithuanian: cenzas
  • → Old High German: zins
    • Middle High German: zins
      • Bavarian: Cimbrian: zis Mòcheno: tschins
      • German: Zins
      • Hunsrik: Zins
      • → Old Polish: czynsz
        • Polish: czynsz
          • → Russian: чинш (činš)
  • → Old Irish: cís
    • Irish: cíos
    • Manx: keesh
    • Scottish Gaelic: cìs
  • → Portuguese: censo
  • → Russian: ценз (cenz)
  • → Serbo-Croatian: cenzus / цензус
  • → Spanish: censo
  • → Swahili: sensa
  • → Yiddish: צענזוס (tsenzus)

Adjective

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cēnsus (feminine cēnsa, neuter cēnsum); first/second-declension adjective

  1. registered
  2. assessed
  3. reckoned

Declension

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First/second-declension adjective.

singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative cēnsus cēnsa cēnsum cēnsī cēnsae cēnsa
genitive cēnsī cēnsae cēnsī cēnsōrum cēnsārum cēnsōrum
dative cēnsō cēnsae cēnsō cēnsīs
accusative cēnsum cēnsam cēnsum cēnsōs cēnsās cēnsa
ablative cēnsō cēnsā cēnsō cēnsīs
vocative cēnse cēnsa cēnsum cēnsī cēnsae cēnsa

References

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  1. ^ Fortson, Benjamin W.; Weiss, Michael (2019), “Oscan Kúnsíf Deívúz and the Di Consentes”, in Classical Philology, volume 114, number 4, University of Chicago Press, →DOI, →ISSN, page 640
  • “census”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “census”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • "census", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • “census”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to hold the census: censum habere, agere (Liv. 3. 22)
    • to strike off the burgess-roll: censu prohibere, excludere
  • “census”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “census”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

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