Clip (firearms) - Wikipedia

Device used to store multiple rounds of ammunition for loading into a firearm Not to be confused with Magazine (firearms).

A clip is a device that is used to store multiple rounds of ammunition together as a unit for insertion into the magazine or cylinder of a firearm. This speeds up the process by loading the firearm with multiple rounds simultaneously, rather than individually, as with loose rounds of ammunition. There are several types, most made of inexpensive stamped sheet metal, which are generally intended to be disposable, although they are more often retained and reused.[citation needed]

Types

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Stripper

[edit] Main article: Stripper clip

A stripper clip (American English) or charger clip (Commonwealth English) is a speedloader that holds several pistol or rifle cartridges as a unit for easier loading into a firearm's internal box magazine. After the bolt is opened and the stripper clip is placed in position (generally in a slot on the receiver or bolt), the cartridges are pressed down, removing or "stripping" them off the clip and into the magazine. The clip is then either removed and tossed away, or the bolt is thrown forward, expelling the clip automatically. However, some weapons, such as the Mosin–Nagant, require the operator to manually remove the empty clip. Some weapons designed for stripper clip use include the Mannlicher M1894, Mauser C96, Roth–Steyr M1907, Lee-Enfield, Mosin–Nagant, Gewehr 98, M1903 Springfield, SKS, Vz. 58 and T48 rifle. Detachable magazines may also be loaded with stripper clips provided they have a special guide attached, as in the M14 rifle or M16 rifle.

En bloc

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Several rifle designs utilize an en bloc clip for loading. With this design, both the cartridges and clip are inserted as a unit into a fixed magazine within the rifle, and the clip is usually ejected or falls from the rifle upon firing or chambering of the last round. The en bloc clip was invented by Ferdinand Mannlicher for use in his Model 1885, Model 1886, and 1888 rifles.

Other rifles utilizing en bloc clips include the German Gewehr 88 (since 1905 replaced by stripper clips), the Mexican Mondragón, the French Berthier Mle 1890 and RSC Mle 1917, the Italian M1870/87 Vetterli-Vitali, and M1891 Carcano, the various (Romanian, Dutch, and Portuguese) turn-bolt Mannlichers, the Austro-Hungarian straight-pull Steyr-Mannlicher M1895, the Hungarian FÉG 35M, and the American M1895 Lee Navy, M1 Garand, and Pedersen T1E3. Original Austrian Mannlicher clips were often uni-directional, but already the Gewehr 88 and subsequently the M1891 Carcano used symmetrical clips. John Pedersen at first developed a irreversible clip[1] for his rifle, later he redesigned the clip to be reversible.[2] This design was also utilized for the competing designs by John Garand.[3]

Moon and half-moon

[edit] Main article: Moon clip

A moon clip is a ring-shaped or stellate piece of metal designed to hold a full cylinder of ammunition for a revolver (commonly 6 rounds) together as a unit. Therefore, instead of loading or extracting one round at a time, a full cylinder of ammunition or spent cases can be loaded or extracted at once, speeding the loading process. A similar device known as a "half-moon clip" is semi-circular and designed to hold a half cylinder of ammunition (commonly 3 rounds) in which case two clips are necessary to fully load the cylinder. Such devices have most often been used to chamber rimless semi-automatic pistol cartridges into a revolver, but they can also be used with rimmed cartridges to allow for the faster loading and/or unloading of a revolver.

List of clip-fed and/or magazine-fed firearms

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Below is a list of firearms regardless of form (IE: Pistol, Rifle, Machine gun, etc.) that fires ammunition fed from en-bloc/stripper clips and/or detachable magazines.[4][5]

Clip only (fixed/integral magazine)

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Name	Type	Image	Cartridge	Country	Produced	Feed
Mannlicher M1894	Semi-automatic pistol		6.5×23mmR7.6×24mmR	Austria-Hungary	Stripper clip with internal 5-round magazine.
Roth-Steyr M1907	Semi-automatic pistol		8mm Roth-Steyr	Austria-Hungary	Stripper clip with 10-round internal magazine.
Mauser C96	Semi-automatic pistol		7.62×25mm9×19mm Parabellum	German Empire	Stripper clip with internal box magazine.
Steyr M1912	Semi-automatic pistolMachine pistol		9×23mm Steyr9×19mm Parabellum	Austria-Hungary	Stripper clip with 8-round internal magazine. Machine pistol variant with 16-round internal magazine.
Mosin-Nagant	Bolt-action rifle		7.62×54mmR	Russia	Stripper clip with permanent 5-round box magazine.
Gewehr 98	Bolt-action rifle		7.92×57mm	German Empire	Stripper clip with 5-round internal box magazine.
Karabiner 98k	Carbine		7.92×57mm	Germany	Stripper clip with 5-round internal magazine.
M1903 Springfield	Bolt-action rifle		.30-06 Springfield	United States	Stripper clip with internal 5-round magazine. Air Service variant with permanent 20-round box magazine.
M1917 Enfield	Bolt-action rifle		.30-06 Springfield	United States	Stripper clip with 5-round internal magazine.
Mannlicher M1895	Bolt-action rifle		8×50mmR Mannlicher8×56mmR7.92×57mm Mauser	Austria-Hungary	Stripper clip with permanent box magazine.
Carcano	Bolt-action rifle		6.5×52mm Carcano7.35×51mm Carcano6.5×54mm Mannlicher–Schönauer7.92×57mm Mauser6.5×50mm Arisaka	Italy	Stripper clip with 6-round internal box magazine.
Schönberger-Laumann 1892	Semi-automatic pistol		7.8×19mm	Austria-Hungary	Stripper clip with permanent 5-round box magazine.
SKS	Semi-automatic rifle		7.62×39mm	Soviet Union	Permanent 10-round magazine.[6][7]
Type 11	Light machine gun		6.5×50mm Arisaka	Japan	Permanent 30-round hopper fed with 6x 5-round stripper clips.
M1 Garand	Semiautomatic rifle		.30-06 Springfield	United States	8-round en-bloc with internal magazine.[8][9]
OA-96 carbine	Carbine	5.56×45mm NATO	United States	Stripper clip with permanent 30-round STANAG box magazine.[10]

Dual usage (clip and detachable magazine)

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Name	Type	Image	Cartridge	Country	Produced	Feed
Lee-Enfield	Bolt-action rifle		.303 British	United Kingdom	Stripper clip with 10-round detachable box magazine.
Mauser Model 1889	Bolt-action rifle		7.65×53mm Mauser	Belgium	Stripper clip with 5-round detachable box magazine.
K31	Straight-pull rifle		7.5×55mm Swiss	Switzerland	Stripper clip with detachable 6-round box magazine.
Ruger Mini-14	Semi-automatic rifleAssault rifle		.222 Remington.223 Remington.300 AAC Blackout5.56×45mm NATO7.62×39mm6.8 SPC	United States	Stripper clip with detachable 20/30-round box magazines.
T48 rifle	Battle rifle		7.62×51mm NATO	United States	Stripper clip with detachable 20-round box magazine.
Type 63	Assault rifle		7.62×39mm	China	Stripper clip with detachable 20-round box magazine.
Type 81	Assault rifle		7.62×39mm	China	Stripper clip with detachable 30-round box magazine.

See also

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• List of clip-fed firearms
• Belt (firearms)
• Glossary of firearms terms
• Stripper clip
• Speedloader

References

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1. ^ "Cartridge clip".
2. ^ "Reversible en bloc clip for cartridges".
3. ^ Hogg, Ian V.; Weeks, John S.: (2000) Military Small Arms of the 20th Century, 7th Edition; Krause Publications, ISBN 0-87341-824-7
4. ^ Walker, Robert E. (2013). Cartridges and Firearm Identification. CRC Press. p. 419. ISBN 978-1-4665-8881-3.
5. ^ Muramatsu, Kevin (14 July 2014). Gun Digest Guide to Maintaining & Accessorizing Firearms. Iola, Wisconsin: Krause Publications. p. 111. ISBN 978-1-4402-3989-2.
6. ^ SKS Rifle: Simonov Type 56 Archived 24 December 2012 at the Wayback Machine | TC 9–56, Department of the Army Training Circular, SKS RIFLE, Simonov Type 56, Headquarters, Department of the Army, October 1969
7. ^ Sweeney, Patrick (2009). The Gun Digest Book of the AK & SKS: A Complete Guide to Guns, Gear and Ammunition. Iola, Wisconsin: Gun Digest Books. p. 127. ISBN 978-0-89689-678-9.
8. ^ "Springfield Armory M1 Garand Operating Manual" (PDF). Springfield Armory. 2001. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 9, 2006. Retrieved October 3, 2008.
9. ^ "FM 23-5". Department of the Army. 1965. Retrieved October 3, 2008.
10. ^ Ramage, Ken (2006). Guns Illustrated 2007. Iola, Wisconsin: Gun Digest Books. p. 123. ISBN 0-89689-426-6.

External links

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• How Does It Work: Clips! (Not Magazines) - Forgotten Weapons
• The En Bloc Clip: Don’t Blame John Garand

v t e Clip-fed firearms
Clip only (internal/fixed magazine)	35M • Arisaka • Argentine Mauser Model 1909 • Armaguerra Mod. 39 • Bergmann 1896 • Berthier rifle • Breda 30 • Carcano • Cei-Rigotti • Chiang Kai-shek rifle • Eriksen M/25 • Fiat Mod. 1928 • FN Model 24 and Model 30 • Fusil Automatique Modèle 1917 • Geweer M. 95 • Gewehr 98 • Gewehr 1888 • HIW VSK • Ishapore 2A1 • Karabiner 98k • Kbsp wz. 38M • Kel-Tec PR57 • M1 Garand • M1870/87 Italian Vetterli-Vitali • M1895 Lee Navy • M1903 Springfield • M1917 Enfield • M1941 Johnson • Madsen M47 • Mannlicher M1894 • Mannlicher M1886 • Mannlicher M1888 • Mannlicher M1890 carbine • Mannlicher M1893 • Mannlicher M1895 • Mannlicher M1901 • Mannlicher M1905 • Mannlicher–Schönauer • MAS-36 • Mauser-Koka • Mauser Model 1893 • Mauser Model 1895 • Mauser Model 1902 • Mauser Model 1904 • Mauser Model 1908 • Mauser Model 1910 • Mauser Standardmodell • Mauser–Vergueiro • MBT 1925 • Meunier rifle • Mexican Mauser Model 1936 • Mexican Mauser Model 1954 • Mondragón rifle • Mosin–Nagant • OA-96 carbine • Pattern 1913 Enfield • Pattern 1914 Enfield • Pedersen • Perino Model 1908 • PTRS-41 • Ross rifle • Roth–Steyr M1907 • Roth–Theodorovic pistol • SAFAT M1926 • Schönberger-Laumann 1892 • SKS • Steyr M1912 • Swedish Mauser • TERA rifle • Type 11 light machine gun • Type 4 rifle • Type 38 rifle • Type 89 flexible type • Type 97 sniper rifle • Type 99 rifle • Type 99 sniper rifle • Type I rifle • Type Kō Rifle • Vz. 24 • Vz. 33 • vz. 98/22 • Winchester Model 1895 • Zastava M 98/48 • Zastava M48 • Zastava M59/66
Dual use (clip and magazine)	Ag m/42 • Beretta BM 59 • Breda PG • Chauchat-Ribeyrolles 1918 submachine gun • Fedorov Avtomat • FG 42 • Hakim rifle • Jungle carbine • L1A1 Self-Loading Rifle • Lee–Enfield • Mauser C96 • Mauser Model 1889 • MG 13 • Gewehr 43 • K31 • MAS-49 • Rasheed • Ruger Mini-14 • SLEM-1 • SVT-40 • Swiss Mannlicher M1893 carbine • Type 63 • Type Hei • vz. 52
Other	Speedloader • Stripper clip

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