Florence, Arizona - Wikipedia

Town in Pinal County, Arizona Town in Arizona, United States

Florence, Arizona O'odham: S-auppag
Town
Main Street of the original town-site of Florence. The town-site was listed in the National Register of Historic Places on October 26, 1982, reference #82001623.
Location of Florence in Pinal County, Arizona
FlorenceLocation in ArizonaShow map of ArizonaFlorenceLocation in the United StatesShow map of the United States
Coordinates: 33°2′19″N 111°23′13″W / 33.03861°N 111.38694°W / 33.03861; -111.38694
Country	United States
State	Arizona
County	Pinal
Government
• Mayor	Keith Eaton[1]
Area[2]
• Total	62.68 sq mi (162.33 km2)
• Land	62.64 sq mi (162.23 km2)
• Water	0.039 sq mi (0.10 km2)
Elevation[3]	1,539 ft (469 m)
Population (2020)
• Total	26,785
• Density	427.6/sq mi (165.11/km2)
Time zone	UTC-7 (MST (no DST))
ZIP codes	85128, 85132, 85179
Area code	520
FIPS code	04-23760
GNIS feature ID	2412633[3]
Website	http://www.florenceaz.gov/

Florence (O'odham: S-auppag) is a town in Pinal County, Arizona, United States.[4] Florence, which is the county seat of Pinal County, is one of the oldest towns in that county and includes a National Historic District with over 25 buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The population of Florence was 26,785 at the 2020 census.[5]

History

[edit]

The area where the current town of Florence is located was once inhabited by the Hohokam, ancestors of the O'odham people.[6] Prior to the establishment of the town, the Gila River served as a part of the border between the United States and Mexico. In 1853, the Gadsden Purchase extended American territory well south of the Gila.[7]

Levi Ruggles, a veteran of the American Civil War, founded the town of Florence on the south bank of the Gila River. He came to Arizona Territory in 1866 as a U.S. Indian Agent. Recognizing the agricultural potential of the valley, he found an easily fordable crossing on the Gila River and surveyed a townsite there. With the aid of Governor R.C. McCormick, he secured a post office in August of the same year. Ruggles held numerous public offices including that of Territorial Legislator.[8] Florence became the county seat in the newly formed Pinal County. Silver was discovered in 1875 in the nearby mountains which led to the creation of the famous Silver King Mine.[9]

Adamsville

[edit]

In 1870, Fred Adams founded a farming community two miles west of the original Florence townsite. The farming town had stores, homes, a post office, a flour mill, and water tanks, It was named Adamsville. In the 1900s (decade), the Gila River overflowed after a storm and ran over its banks. Most of the small town was wiped out and the residents moved to Florence. The area where the town was established is now a ghost town and is currently within the boundaries of Florence. At the junction of Highway 79 and 287 there is a historical marker about Adamsville.[10]

A canal was built in the 1880s which enabled water from the Gila River to be diverted for irrigation. Farming and ranching then played a major role in Florence's economy. All of the federal land transactions for Southern Arizona were conducted in Florence until 1881, when the Federal Land Office was moved to Tucson.

Tunnel Saloon Gabriel-Phy shootout of 1888

[edit]

One of the most notable gunfights in the Old Southwest occurred in Florence. Sheriff Pete Gabriel hired thirty-nine year old Joseph (Joe) Phy as his deputy in 1883. Gabriel decided to not run for sheriff in 1886 and supported his deputy Phy for the job. Later Gabriel withdrew his support because of personal differences with Phy. The two friends became bitter enemies and had a confrontation on May 31, 1888, in the Tunnel Saloon. A gunfight ensued and spread to the street. Both men received gunshot wounds. Phy died a few hours after the gunfight, but Gabriel survived the encounter and died 10 years later.[11]

Second Pinal County Courthouse

[edit]

The second Pinal County Courthouse was built in 1891. It was the site where the trials of three notorious women were presented. They were Pearl Hart, Eva Dugan and Winnie Ruth Judd, known as the "Trunk Murderess". Pearl Hart (birth surname: Taylor) was an outlaw of the American Old West. She committed one of the last recorded stagecoach robberies in the United States; her crime gained notoriety primarily because of her gender. She was tried in 1899 and was acquitted, however the judge ordered a second trial and she was found guilty and sentenced to five years in prison.[12]

In the 1930s Eva Dugan was convicted of murder. She was sentenced to be executed by hanging. However, it resulted in her decapitation and influenced the State of Arizona to replace hanging with the gas chamber as a method of execution.[13]

Winnie Ruth Judd was a Phoenix medical secretary who was found guilty of murdering and dismembering her friends Agnes Anne LeRoi and Hedvig Samuelson over the alleged affections of her lover Jack Halloran. The jury found her guilty of first-degree murder on February 8, 1932. An appeal was unsuccessful. Her trial was marked by sensationalized newspaper coverage and suspicious circumstances. Judd was sentenced to be hanged February 17, 1933, and sent to the Arizona State Prison in Florence. The sentence she received raised debate about capital punishment.[14] Her death sentence was overturned after a ten-day hearing found her mentally incompetent; she was then sent to Arizona State Asylum for the Insane on April 24, 1933.[15]

Tom Mix Monument

[edit]

In 1940, the cowboy movie star Tom Mix was killed when he lost control of his speeding Cord Phaeton convertible and rolled into a dry wash (now called the Tom Mix Wash) in Florence, Arizona. Mix, who was a regular tenant in the Ross/Fryer–Cushman House, was returning to Florence from Tucson. There is a 2-foot–tall iron statue of a riderless horse with a plaque on the site of the accident.[16]

Geography and climate

[edit]

Florence is located at 33°2′32″N 111°23′4″W / 33.04222°N 111.38444°W / 33.04222; -111.38444 (33.042204, −111.384521).[17]

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 8.3 square miles (21 km2), all land, situated in the lower Sonoran Desert. The town has the typical hot desert climate of lowland Arizona, with sweltering hot summers and mild winters. Like most of Arizona, Florence receives half of its average summer rainfall in the months of July, August, and September, during the North American monsoon season, with August being the wettest month. Thunderstorms occur in the late afternoon to evening hours, as well as the early night hours, bringing heavy downpours, thunder, lightning, blowing dust, and the risk of flash flooding. The winter months of December, January, and February bring the other half of the yearly rainfall to the town from winter storms that move in from the Pacific Ocean. December is the second wettest month in Florence.

Climate data for Florence, Arizona (1971 to 2000)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °F (°C)	89(32)	92(33)	99(37)	105(41)	115(46)	118(48)	119(48)	118(48)	117(47)	112(44)	97(36)	91(33)	119(48)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C)	66.3(19.1)	70.4(21.3)	74.5(23.6)	82.6(28.1)	91.2(32.9)	100.8(38.2)	102.4(39.1)	100.8(38.2)	96.8(36.0)	86.9(30.5)	74.3(23.5)	66.1(18.9)	84.4(29.1)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C)	38.3(3.5)	40.8(4.9)	44.3(6.8)	49.8(9.9)	58.3(14.6)	67.3(19.6)	75.5(24.2)	74.6(23.7)	68.5(20.3)	56.9(13.8)	44.3(6.8)	38.6(3.7)	54.8(12.7)
Record low °F (°C)	11(−12)	18(−8)	20(−7)	23(−5)	32(0)	35(2)	54(12)	50(10)	41(5)	30(−1)	14(−10)	16(−9)	11(−12)
Average rainfall inches (mm)	1.07(27)	1.06(27)	1.16(29)	0.41(10)	0.26(6.6)	0.17(4.3)	0.93(24)	1.22(31)	0.90(23)	0.90(23)	0.75(19)	1.22(31)	10.05(254.9)
Average rainy days (≥ 0.01 inch)	4.7	4.5	4.2	1.9	1.5	0.7	3.5	4.8	2.7	2.9	2.7	3.4	37.5
Source: National Climatic Data Center[18]

Demographics

[edit] Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1880	902	—
1890	1,486	64.7%
1910	807	—
1920	1,161	43.9%
1930	1,318	13.5%
1940	1,383	4.9%
1950	1,776	28.4%
1960	2,143	20.7%
1970	2,173	1.4%
1980	3,391	56.1%
1990	7,510	121.5%
2000	17,054	127.1%
2010	25,536	49.7%
2020	26,785	4.9%
2022 (est.)	24,795	[19]	−7.4%
U.S. Decennial Census[20]

Racial Makeup

Race (NH = Non-Hispanic)	% 2020[21]	% 2010[22]	% 2000[23]	Pop. 2020	Pop. 2010	Pop. 2000
White Alone (NH)	53.4%	46.6%	49.7%	14,305	11,911	8,478
Black Alone (NH)	7.4%	6.1%	8.9%	1,988	1,545	1,524
American Indian Alone (NH)	4.3%	14%	4.1%	1,149	3,571	692
Asian Alone (NH)	0.9%	0.9%	0.8%	229	218	136
Pacific Islander Alone (NH)	0.1%	0.1%	0%	36	19	6
Other Race Alone (NH)	0.2%	0.1%	0.3%	45	18	49
Multiracial (NH)	4.2%	1.1%	0.8%	1,132	276	128
Hispanic (Any race)	29.5%	31.2%	35.4%	7,901	7,978	6,041

As of 2015,[24] there were 30,770 people, and 6,832 households in the town. There were 9,319 housing units in an incorporated are of 8.8 square miles. The racial makeup of the town was 82.2% White, 6.0% Black or African American, 4.5% Native American, 1.0% Asian, 0.3% Pacific Islander, 4.1% from other races, and 2.0% from two or more races. 36.7% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 6,832 households,[25] out of which 22.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.3% were married couples living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.6% were non-families. 28.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 3.06.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 13.2% under the age of 18, 86.8% from 18 years and over, and 17.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years.

The median income for a household in the town was $47,891. About 12.3% of families and 16.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.7% of those under age 18 and 10.6% of those age 65 or over.[26]

Prisons

[edit]

In 1909, the Yuma Territorial Prison (memorialized in the movie '3:10 to Yuma') was closed and the inmates relocated to the new Florence Territorial Prison.

As of 2016 Florence is home to multiple state, federal, county and private prisons:

• Arizona State Prison Complex – Florence, run by the Arizona Department of Corrections, housing Arizona state prisoners, the former Arizona State Prison, and location of Arizona's execution chamber[27]
• Arizona State Prison Complex – Eyman, run by the Arizona Department of Corrections, housing Arizona state prisoners and Arizona's death row
• Arizona State Prison Florence-West, operated by the GEO Group, housing Arizona state prisoners
• Central Arizona Correctional Facility, operated by the GEO Group, housing Arizona state prisoners[28]
• Central Arizona Detention Center, run by Corrections Corporation of America, housing prisoners for the United States Marshals Service, TransCor America LLC,[29] U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Pascua Yaqui Tribe government, and the United States Air Force[30]
• Florence Correctional Center, run by CCA, houses inmates for U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, for the Vermont Department of Corrections, and for the United States Marshals Service.[31]
• The Pinal County Adult Detention Center, operated by the county, housing local prisoners
• The Pinal County Youth Justice Center, operated by the county, housing local juvenile prisoners

Located just north of Florence during World War II was a large prisoner of war camp for German and Italian prisoners of war, mainly captured during the North Africa campaign, called Camp Florence on 500 acres of land.[32] Japanese Americans arrested as "enemy aliens" after the U.S. entered the war, were also interned nearby at the Gila River War Relocation Center.[33] The prisoners were paid 50 cents an hour to pick cotton. The men were not allowed to buy cigarettes with their prison wages. However, they could buy tobacco which they rolled themselves.[34] McFarland State Historic Park on Ruggles Ave. has a display and information on this period of Arizona history.

Transportation

[edit]

The City of Coolidge operates Central Arizona Regional Transit (CART), which provides transportation between Florence, Coolidge, Central Arizona College and Casa Grande.[35]

Florence is served by Arizona State Route 79 and Arizona State Route 287.

Copper Basin Railway provides freight rail service to Florence.

Miscellaneous

[edit]

Florence is considered the hub of Pinal County filled with historic buildings and rich history.

• Florence is the location of the 2nd Anthem development in the state of Arizona being built by Pulte and Del Webb. It is located six miles to the northwest of downtown historic Florence.
• The town's preserved Main Street and open desert scenery were the setting of the motion picture Murphy's Romance.
• Florence is the host of the annual "Country Thunder" music festival.[36]
• The town is also the home of the Florence Jr. Parada Rodeo, the oldest junior rodeo in the United States.[37]
• Florence is considered to be the hometown of Adolfo “Harpo” Celaya, a World War II veteran who is one of the USS Indianapolis survivors. In 2017 Celaya was honored as the Florence Post Office was dedicated in his name.[38]

Points of interest

[edit]

• McFarland State Historic Park – The first Pinal County Courthouse was built in 1876 and is located at W. 24 Ruggle St. in the McFarland State Historic Park.
• St. Anthony's Greek Orthodox Monastery was established in 1995 by Elder Ephraim of Arizona, a Greek Orthodox priest and monk.
• Florence High School – The high school was built in 1887 and is located in 1000 S. Main St. Listed in the National Register of Historic Places on June 22, 1987, reference #87001306.
• Poston Butte – The pyramid tomb of Charles Debrille Poston, known as "The Father of Arizona" is located on Primrose Hill which was renamed Poston Butte.

Points of interest

• The first Pinal County Courthouse was built in 1876.
• St. Anthony's Greek Orthodox Monastery
• Florence High School.
• Pyramid tomb of Charles Debrille Poston.
• John Nicholas Saloon and Beer Hall, Florence

Historic properties

[edit]

Florence has various historic structures. Some are listed in the National Register of Historic Places while others are considered historical by the Florence Historic District Advisory Commission.

Further information: List of historic properties in Florence, Arizona

References

[edit]

1. ^ "Keith Eaton: Mayor". Town of Florence. Archived from the original on March 4, 2025. Retrieved May 21, 2025.
2. ^ "2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 29, 2021.
3. ^ a b U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Florence, Arizona
4. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
5. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 5, 2014.
6. ^ Arizona Republic
7. ^ Peterson, Charles S. (1992). "Pioneer Settlements in Arizona". Light Planet. Archived from the original on February 20, 2012. Retrieved March 16, 2012.
8. ^ "Levi Ruggles, Founder of Florence". Archived from the original on June 3, 2015. Retrieved June 2, 2015.
9. ^ About Florence
10. ^ Ghost towns
11. ^ "Shootout at the Tunnel Saloon". Archived from the original on January 27, 2015. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
12. ^ "Pearl Hart Acquitted". New York Times. November 17, 1899. p. 9.
13. ^ 1930: Eva Dugan, her head jerked clean off, Executed Today
14. ^ Goldstein, Richard (October 27, 1998). "Winnie R. Judd, 93, Infamous As 1930's 'Trunk Murderess'". The New York Times. Retrieved January 12, 2010. Winnie Ruth Judd, who spent three decades in an Arizona state mental hospital as the notorious trunk murderess in one of the most sensational criminal cases of 1930s, died in Phoenix on Friday. She was 93.
15. ^ Arizona State Hospital History http://www.azdhs.gov/azsh/history.htm
16. ^ History
17. ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
18. ^ "Florence, AZ" (PDF). Weather.com. 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 25, 2014. Retrieved March 31, 2013.
19. ^ "City and Town Population Totals: 2020-2022". Retrieved April 14, 2024.
20. ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2016.
21. ^ "HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE (2020)". data.census.gov. U.S. Census Bureau.
22. ^ "HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE (2010)". data.census.gov. U.S. Census Bureau.
23. ^ Arizona: 2000 (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. pp. 26–27.
24. ^ "ACS Demographic and Housing Estimates". American Fact Finder. U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2015 5-year estimates. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 30, 2016.
25. ^ "Selected Social Characteristcis". American Fact Finder. U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2015 5-year estimates. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 30, 2016.
26. ^ "Selected Economic Characteristics". American Fact Finder. U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2015 5-year estimates. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 30, 2016.
27. ^ "Death Row Information and Frequently Asked Questions Archived May 27, 2010, at the Wayback Machine." Arizona Department of Corrections. Retrieved on August 16, 2010.
28. ^ "Central Arizona Correctional Facility". GEO Group. Archived from the original on August 12, 2016. Retrieved July 29, 2016.
29. ^ a subsidiary of CCA
30. ^ "Central Arizona Detention Center". Retrieved July 29, 2016.
31. ^ "Florence Correctional Center". Corrections Corporations of America. Retrieved July 29, 2016.
32. ^ "Camp Florence Days", a book and blog by a WWII guard at the Florence POW camp.
33. ^ "Florence (detention facility)" Densho Encyclopedia (accessed June 17, 2014)
34. ^ Star
35. ^ "Ride The Cart – Partnership in Motion". Retrieved January 27, 2020.
36. ^ "Country Thunder USA - Florence, AZ - April 1 - 4, 2009". Archived from the original on February 6, 2009. Retrieved January 31, 2009.
37. ^ "Florence Junior Parada Rodeo". florencejrparadarodeo.com.
38. ^ "Officials dedicate Florence post office to WWII veteran | Cronkite News". September 22, 2017.

External links

[edit] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Florence, Arizona.

• Town of Florence official website
• Florence Named NerdWallet's #1 City on the Rise in Arizona Archived August 16, 2014, at the Wayback Machine

v t e Municipalities and communities of Pinal County, Arizona, United States
County seat: Florence
Cities	Apache Junction‡ Casa Grande Coolidge Eloy Maricopa
Towns	Florence Hayden‡ Kearny Mammoth Queen Creek‡ Superior Winkelman‡
CDPs	Ak-Chin Village Arizona City Blackwater Cactus Forest Campo Bonito Casa Blanca Chuichu Dudleyville Gold Canyon Goodyear Village Kohatk Lower Santan Village Oracle Picacho Queen Valley Red Rock Sacate Village Sacaton Sacaton Flats Village Saddlebrooke San Manuel San Tan Valley Santa Cruz Stanfield Stotonic Village Sweet Water Village Tat Momoli Top-of-the-World‡ Upper Santan Village Vaiva Vo Wet Camp Village
Populatedplaces	Arizola Bapchule Chandler Heights‡ Chiapuk Friendly Corners Heaton Kelvin La Palma Magma North Komelik Olberg Oracle Junction Randolph Riverside Sacate Santan Sif Vaya Smelter Town Snaketown Sombrero Butte South Santan Sweetwater Troy Valley Farms
Indian reservations	Ak-Chin Indian Community Gila River Indian Community San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation‡ Tohono Oʼodham Indian Reservation‡
Ghost towns	Adamsville American Flag Cochran Copper Creek DeNoon El Llano Jackrabbit Pinal City Ray Reymert Sasco Socatoon Station Sonora Tiger Youngberg
Footnotes	‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties
Arizona portal United States portal

v t e Phoenix metropolitan area
Core city	Phoenix
Largest suburbs(over 100,000 inhabitants)	Chandler Gilbert Glendale Mesa Peoria Scottsdale Surprise Tempe
Other suburbs and towns(over 10,000 inhabitants)	Anthem Apache Junction Avondale Buckeye El Mirage Fountain Hills Goodyear Gold Canyon Luke Air Force Base New River Paradise Valley Queen Creek San Tan Valley Sun City Sun City West Sun Lakes Waddell
Smaller suburbs and towns(over 5,000 inhabitants)	Carefree Cave Creek Guadalupe Litchfield Park Tolleson Youngtown
Exurbs	Superior Wickenburg Wittmann Morristown Coolidge Florence Casa Grande Black Canyon City Gila Bend Eloy Maricopa
Counties	Maricopa Pinal
Native American reservations	Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community Gila River Indian Community
Subregions	East Valley North Valley West Valley

v t e County seats of Arizona
Bisbee Clifton Flagstaff Florence Globe Holbrook Kingman Nogales Parker Phoenix Prescott Safford St. Johns Tucson Yuma

v t e Arizona during World War II
People	John Brown Jr. Thomas Claw Jack Fujimoto Harry K. Fukuhara Ira Hayes Satoshi Hirayama Gordon Hirabayashi Philip Johnston Robert Taylor Jones Allen Dale June Nobe Kawano Yosh Kawano John F. Kennedy Yuriko Kikuchi Peter MacDonald Doris Matsui Pat Morita Joe Morris Sr. Michi Nishiura Isamu Noguchi Vincent Okamoto Ken Ota Miye Ota Kazuo Otani Sidney Preston Osborn Roy I. Sano Hideo Sasaki Reiko Sato Shinkichi Tajiri Miiko Taka Nao Takasugi Ronald Phillip Tanaka A. Wallace Tashima Hisako Terasaki Paul Terasaki Jürgen Wattenberg Hisaye Yamamoto Wakako Yamauchi Kenichi Zenimura
Airfields	Ajo Army Airfield Coolidge Army Airfield Dateland Army Airfield Davis-Monthan Army Airfield Douglas Army Airfield Ernest A. Love Field Falcon Army Airfield Gila Bend Army Airfield Hereford Army Airfield Kingman Army Airfield Laguna Army Airfield Luke Army Airfield Marana Army Airfield Ryan Army Airfield Sahuarita Flight Strip Thunderbird Field No. 1 Thunderbird Field No. 2 Williams Army Airfield Yucca Army Airfield Yuma Army Airfield
Ground training and storage	Camp Bouse Camp Horn Camp Hyder Camp Laguna Desert Training Center Gila Bend Gunnery Range Fort Huachuca Navajo Ordnance Depot Sahuarita Bombing & Gunnery Range Yuma Proving Ground
Internment camps	Catalina Honor Camp Gila River War Relocation Center Leupp Isolation Center Mayer Assembly Center Parker Dam Reception Center Poston War Relocation Center
Prisoner of war camps	Camp Continental Camp Florence Camp Pima Camp Papago Park
See also	American Theater Arizona World War II Army Airfields Bushmasters Castle Hot Springs Great Papago Escape Machita incident Nevada during World War II New Mexico during World War II Phoenix Massacre Thunder Birds USS Arizona

v t e Internment of Japanese Americans
Key topics	Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians Executive Order 9066 Executive Order 9102 Yasui Hirabayashi Korematsu Ex parte Endo Lordsburg killings War Relocation Authority History Life before World War II Life after World War II Propaganda Military service in World War II 442nd Infantry Regiment 100th Infantry Battalion Military Intelligence Service
Internment camps	Gila River Granada Heart Mountain Jerome Manzanar Minidoka Poston Rohwer Topaz Tule Lake
Assembly centers	Arboga Assembly Center Fresno Assembly Center Mayer Assembly Center Merced Assembly Center Owens Valley Reception Center Parker Dam Reception Center Pinedale Assembly Center Pomona Assembly Center Portland Assembly Center Puyallup Assembly Center Sacramento Assembly Center Salinas Assembly Center Santa Anita Assembly Center Stockton Assembly Center Tanforan Assembly Center Tulare Assembly Center Turlock Assembly Center Woodland Civil Control Station
Citizen Isolation centers	Leupp Isolation Center Moab Isolation Center Old Raton Ranch Camp Camp Tulelake
Detention facilities	Catalina Federal Honor Camp Crystal City Alien Enemy Detention Facility Fort Lincoln Alien Enemy Detention Facility Fort Missoula Alien Enemy Detention Facility Fort Stanton Alien Enemy Detention Facility Kenedy Alien Enemy Detention Facility Kooskia Alien Enemy Detention Facility Santa Fe Alien Enemy Detention Facility Seagoville Alien Enemy Detention Facility Sharp Park Detention Station Tuna Canyon Detention Station
Army facilities	Camp Blanding Camp Forrest Camp Livingston Camp McCoy Camp Florence Fort Bliss Internment Camp Fort Howard Internment Camp Fort McDowell Internment Camp Fort Meade Internment Camp Fort Lewis Internment Camp Fort Richardson Internment Camp Fort Sam Houston Internment Camp Fort Sill Internment Camp Griffith Park Detention Camp Haiku Internment Camp Honouliuli Internment Camp Kalaheo Stockade Kilauea Military Camp Lordsburg Internment Camp Sand Island Internment Camp Stringtown Internment Camp
Notable incarcerees	See: Category:Japanese-American internees List of inmates of Manzanar List of inmates of Topaz War Relocation Center Estelle Peck Ishigo Ralph Lazo Isamu Shibayama Elaine Black Yoneda
Literatureand arts	Allegiance Born Free and Equal Farewell to Manzanar Hotel on the Corner of Bitter and Sweet Judgment Without Trial No-No Boy Snow Falling on Cedars The Buddha in the Attic The Invisible Thread The Moved-Outers Under the Blood Red Sun Weedflower When the Emperor was Divine List of films Go for Broke!
Legacy	Redress and court cases Evacuation Claims Act Civil Liberties Act of 1988 Renunciation Act of 1944 Day of Remembrance Fred Korematsu Day Empty Chair Memorial Go for Broke Monument Japanese American National Museum Japanese American Memorial to Patriotism During World War II Densho: The Japanese American Legacy Project Japanese Evacuation and Resettlement Study The Long Journey Home Bainbridge Island Japanese American Exclusion Memorial Japanese American Internment Museum Sakura Square Fred T. Korematsu Institute for Civil Rights and Education
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