Fractions - Math Is Fun

Fractions

Fractions show how many equal parts we have from a whole

Slice a pizza, and we get fractions:

12 (One-Half) 14 (One-Quarter) 38 (Three-Eighths)

The top number says how many slices we have. The bottom number says how many equal slices the whole pizza was cut into.

Have a try yourself:

numbers/images/ani-frac-pick.js

Equivalent Fractions

Some fractions may look different, but are really the same, for example:

48	=	24	=	12
(Four-Eighths)	(Two-Quarters)	(One-Half)
	=		=

It is usually best to show an answer using the simplest fraction ( 12 in this case ). That is called Simplifying, or Reducing the Fraction.

Numerator / Denominator

We call the top number the Numerator, it is the number of parts we have. We call the bottom number the Denominator, it is the number of parts the whole is divided into.

NumeratorDenominator

You just have to remember those names! (If you forget just think "Down"-ominator)

Example: A Pizza Fraction

Imagine we have a pizza sliced into 8 equal parts. But there only 3 slices left.

The fraction of the pizza left is 38

• The numerator is 3 (how many slices left), and
• The denominator is 8 (how many slices the whole pizza was divided into)

Adding Fractions

It is easy to add fractions with the same denominator (same bottom number):

14	+	14	=	24	=	12
(One-Quarter)	(One-Quarter)	(Two-Quarters)	(One-Half)
	+		=		=

One-quarter plus one-quarter equals two-quarters, equals one-half

Another example:

58	+	18	=	68	=	34
	+		=		=

Five-eighths plus one-eighth equals six-eighths, equals three-quarters

Adding Fractions with Different Denominators

But what about when the denominators (the bottom numbers) are not the same?

Such as adding slices of pizza that are not the same size:

38	+	14	=	?
	+		=

Three-eighths plus one-quarter equals ... what?

We must somehow make the denominators the same.

In this case it is easy, because we know that 14 is the same as 28 :

38	+	28	=	58
	+		=

Three-eighths plus two-eighths equals five-eighths

There are two popular methods to make the denominators the same:

• Least Common Denominator, or
• Common Denominator

(They both work nicely, use the one you prefer.)

Other Things We Can Do With Fractions

We can also:

• Subtract Fractions
• Multiply Fractions
• Divide Fractions

Visit the Fractions Index to discover even more.

904,905, 1367, 1368, 3524, 3525, 3526,906, 1369, 3527 Fractions Index Equivalent Fractions Adding Fractions Subtracting Fractions Multiplying Fractions Dividing Fractions Greatest Common Factor Least Common Multiple