How Are Underwater Tunnels Built? - Science ABC

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Tunnels can be constructed using various methods that depend on the materials used, the tunnel’s purpose, and its type. The most commonly used method involves building a tunnel on the ground and placing it underwater.

Ships and ferries are vulnerable to high tides and storms that can easily swallow them. In 1954, five ferries were lost in the Tsugaru Strait, the body of water between Hokkaido Island and Aomori Prefecture, due to typhoons.

The public was outraged; building a bridge was not an option due to the destructive winds. Therefore, building a tunnel under the water was the safest and most incredible option. 

In 1998, the government constructed the Seikan Tunnel, which is not only the longest but also the deepest underwater tunnel in the world. It spans almost 54km and lies 140m below the seabed!

seikan tunnel
Seikan Tunnel (Photo Credit: Wikimedia Commons)

However, the question remains: how were these engineering marvels constructed with all the mud and water that could flow in even from the tiniest of punctures?

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