How To Add A Column To A Data Frame In R (With Examples)

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There are three common ways to add a new column to a data frame in R:

1. Use the $ Operator

df$new <- c(3, 3, 6, 7, 8, 12)

2. Use Brackets

df['new'] <- c(3, 3, 6, 7, 8, 12)

3. Use Cbind

df_new <- cbind(df, new)

This tutorial provides examples of how to use each of these methods in practice using the following data frame:

#create data frame df <- data.frame(a = c('A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E'), b = c(45, 56, 54, 57, 59)) #view data frame df a b 1 A 45 2 B 56 3 C 54 4 D 57 5 E 59

Example 1: Use the $ Operator

The following code shows how to add a column to a data frame by using the $ operator:

#define new column to add new <- c(3, 3, 6, 7, 8) #add column called 'new' df$new <- new #view new data frame df a b new 1 A 45 3 2 B 56 3 3 C 54 6 4 D 57 7 5 E 59 8

Example 2: Use Brackets

The following code shows how to add a column to a data frame by using brackets:

#define new column to add new <- c(3, 3, 6, 7, 8) #add column called 'new' df['new'] <- new #view new data frame df a b new 1 A 45 3 2 B 56 3 3 C 54 6 4 D 57 7 5 E 59 8

Example 3: Use Cbind

The following code shows how to add a column to a data frame by using the cbind function, which is short for column-bind:

#define new column to add new <- c(3, 3, 6, 7, 8) #add column called 'new' df_new <- cbind(df, new) #view new data frame df_new a b new 1 A 45 3 2 B 56 3 3 C 54 6 4 D 57 7 5 E 59 8

You can actually use the cbind function to add multiple new columns at once:

#define new columns to add new1 <- c(3, 3, 6, 7, 8) new2 <- c(13, 14, 16, 17, 20) #add columns called 'new1' and 'new2' df_new <- cbind(df, new1, new2) #view new data frame df_new a b new1 new2 1 A 45 3 13 2 B 56 3 14 3 C 54 6 16 4 D 57 7 17 5 E 59 8 20

Bonus: Set Column Names

After adding one or more columns to a data frame, you can use the colnames() function to specify the column names of the new data frame:

#create data frame df <- data.frame(a = c('A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E'), b = c(45, 56, 54, 57, 59), new1 = c(3, 3, 6, 7, 8), new2 = c(13, 14, 16, 17, 20)) #view data frame df a b new1 new2 1 A 45 3 13 2 B 56 3 14 3 C 54 6 16 4 D 57 7 17 5 E 59 8 20 #specify column names colnames(df) <- c('a', 'b', 'c', 'd') #view data frame df a b c d 1 A 45 3 13 2 B 56 3 14 3 C 54 6 16 4 D 57 7 17 5 E 59 8 20

You can find more R tutorials here.

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