Hyperventilation | Pathology | Britannica

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  • Healthline - What to know about Hyperventilation: causes and treatments
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  • Hyperventilation - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up)
gas exchange in the lung
gas exchange in the lung The alveoli and capillaries in the lungs exchange oxygen for carbon dioxide. Imbalances in the exchange of these gases can lead to dangerous respiratory disorders, such as respiratory acidosis or hyperventilation. In addition, accumulation of fluid in the alveolar spaces can interfere with gas exchange, causing symptoms such as shortness of breath. (more)
hyperventilation pathology Ask Anything Written by John Hansen-Flaschen Professor of medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. John Hansen-Flaschen Fact-checked by Britannica Editors Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Britannica Editors History Britannica AI Icon Britannica AI Ask Anything Table of Contents Table of Contents Ask Anything

hyperventilation, sustained abnormal increase in breathing. During hyperventilation the rate of removal of carbon dioxide from the blood is increased. As the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the blood decreases, respiratory alkalosis, characterized by decreased acidity or increased alkalinity of the blood, ensues. In turn, alkalosis causes constriction of the small blood vessels that supply the brain. Reduced blood supply to the brain can cause a variety of symptoms, including light-headedness and tingling of the fingertips. Severe hyperventilation can cause transient loss of consciousness.

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Anxiety is the most common cause of hyperventilation. Panic disorder, a severe episodic form of anxiety, usually causes hyperventilation with resultant symptoms. Treatment of recurrent hyperventilation begins with a complete explanation by the patient of the condition and the symptoms it causes. Some people benefit from psychotherapy and medications to deal with the underlying anxiety.

John Hansen-Flaschen

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