Json_encode - Manual - PHP

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(PHP 5 >= 5.2.0, PHP 7, PHP 8, PECL json >= 1.2.0)

json_encode — Retourne la représentation JSON d'une valeur

Description

json_encode(mixed $value, int $flags = 0, int $depth = 512): string|false

Retourne une chaîne de caractères contenant la représentation JSON de la valeur value. Si le paramètre est un tableau ou un objet, il sera sérialisé de manière récursive.

Si l'une des valeurs à sérialiser est un objet, alors par défaut seules les propriétés visibles publiquement seront incluses. Une classe peut également implémenter JsonSerializable pour contrôler la façon dont ses valeurs sont sérialisées en JSON.

L'encodage est affecté par les flags fournis. De plus, l'encodage des valeurs flottantes dépend de la valeur de serialize_precision.

Liste de paramètres

value

La valeur à encoder. Peut être de n'importe quel type, excepté une resource.

Toutes les chaînes doivent être encodées UTF-8.

Note:

PHP implémente un sur-ensemble de JSON tel que spécifié dans la » RFC 7159 originale.

flags

Masque binaire composé de JSON_FORCE_OBJECT, JSON_HEX_QUOT, JSON_HEX_TAG, JSON_HEX_AMP, JSON_HEX_APOS, JSON_INVALID_UTF8_IGNORE, JSON_INVALID_UTF8_SUBSTITUTE, JSON_NUMERIC_CHECK, JSON_PARTIAL_OUTPUT_ON_ERROR, JSON_PRESERVE_ZERO_FRACTION, JSON_PRETTY_PRINT, JSON_UNESCAPED_LINE_TERMINATORS, JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES, JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE, JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR. Le comportement de ces constantes est décrit sur la page des constantes JSON.

depth

Définit la profondeur maximale. Doit être supérieure à zéro.

Valeurs de retour

Retourne un JSON encodé en tant que chaîne de caractères en cas de succès ou false si une erreur survient.

Historique

Version Description
7.3.0 Le flags JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR a été ajouté.
7.2.0 Les flags JSON_INVALID_UTF8_IGNORE, et JSON_INVALID_UTF8_SUBSTITUTE ont été ajoutés.
7.1.0 Le flags JSON_UNESCAPED_LINE_TERMINATORS a été ajouté.
7.1.0 serialize_precision est utilisé à la place de precision lors de l'encodage de valeurs float.

Exemples

Exemple #1 Exemple avec json_encode()

<?php$arr = array('a' => 1, 'b' => 2, 'c' => 3, 'd' => 4, 'e' => 5);echo json_encode($arr);?>

L'exemple ci-dessus va afficher :

{"a":1,"b":2,"c":3,"d":4,"e":5}

Exemple #2 Exemple avec json_encode() montrant quelques drapeaux en action

<?php$a = array('<foo>',"'bar'",'"baz"','&blong&', "\xc3\xa9");echo "Normal : ", json_encode($a), "\n";echo "Tags : ", json_encode($a, JSON_HEX_TAG), "\n";echo "Apos : ", json_encode($a, JSON_HEX_APOS), "\n";echo "Quot : ", json_encode($a, JSON_HEX_QUOT), "\n";echo "Amp : ", json_encode($a, JSON_HEX_AMP), "\n";echo "Unicode : ", json_encode($a, JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE), "\n";echo "Toutes : ", json_encode($a, JSON_HEX_TAG | JSON_HEX_APOS | JSON_HEX_QUOT | JSON_HEX_AMP | JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE), "\n\n";$b = array();echo "Tableau vide sous forme de tableau : ", json_encode($b), "\n";echo "Tableau vide sous forme d'objet : ", json_encode($b, JSON_FORCE_OBJECT), "\n\n";$c = array(array(1,2,3));echo "Tableau non-associatif sous forme de tableau : ", json_encode($c), "\n";echo "Tableau non-associatif sous forme d'objet : ", json_encode($c, JSON_FORCE_OBJECT), "\n\n";$d = array('foo' => 'bar', 'baz' => 'long');echo "Tableau associatif affiché comme objet: ", json_encode($d), "\n";echo "Tableau associatif affiché comme objet: ", json_encode($d, JSON_FORCE_OBJECT), "\n\n";?>

L'exemple ci-dessus va afficher :

Normal : ["<foo>","'bar'","\"baz\"","&blong&","\u00e9"] Tags : ["\u003Cfoo\u003E","'bar'","\"baz\"","&blong&","\u00e9"] Apos : ["<foo>","\u0027bar\u0027","\"baz\"","&blong&","\u00e9"] Quot : ["<foo>","'bar'","\u0022baz\u0022","&blong&","\u00e9"] Amp : ["<foo>","'bar'","\"baz\"","\u0026blong\u0026","\u00e9"] Unicode : ["<foo>","'bar'","\"baz\"","&blong&","é"] Toutes : ["\u003Cfoo\u003E","\u0027bar\u0027","\u0022baz\u0022","\u0026blong\u0026","é"] Tableau vide sous forme de tableau : [] Tableau vide sous forme d'objet : {} Tableau non-associatif sous forme de tableau : [[1,2,3]] Tableau non-associatif sous forme d'objet : {"0":{"0":1,"1":2,"2":3}} Tableau associatif affiché comme objet: {"foo":"bar","baz":"long"} Tableau associatif affiché comme objet: {"foo":"bar","baz":"long"}

Exemple #3 Exemple avec l'option JSON_NUMERIC_CHECK

<?phpecho "Les chaînes représentant des nombres sont automatiquement converties en nombres".PHP_EOL;$numbers = array('+123123', '-123123', '1.2e3', '0.00001');var_dump( $numbers, json_encode($numbers, JSON_NUMERIC_CHECK));echo "Chaînes contenant des nombres mal formatés".PHP_EOL;$strings = array('+a33123456789', 'a123');var_dump( $strings, json_encode($strings, JSON_NUMERIC_CHECK));?>

Résultat de l'exemple ci-dessus est similaire à :

Les chaînes représentant des nombres sont automatiquement converties en nombres array(4) { [0]=> string(7) "+123123" [1]=> string(7) "-123123" [2]=> string(5) "1.2e3" [3]=> string(7) "0.00001" } string(28) "[123123,-123123,1200,1.0e-5]" Chaînes contenant des nombres non formattés proprement array(2) { [0]=> string(13) "+a33123456789" [1]=> string(4) "a123" } string(24) "["+a33123456789","a123"]"

Exemple #4 Exemple avec un tableau séquentiel et un tableau non-séquentiel

<?phpecho "Tableau séquentiel".PHP_EOL;$sequential = array("foo", "bar", "baz", "blong");var_dump( $sequential, json_encode($sequential));echo PHP_EOL."Tableau non-séquentiel".PHP_EOL;$nonsequential = array(1=>"foo", 2=>"bar", 3=>"baz", 4=>"blong");var_dump( $nonsequential, json_encode($nonsequential));echo PHP_EOL."Tableau séquentiel avec une clé supprimée".PHP_EOL;unset($sequential[1]);var_dump( $sequential, json_encode($sequential));?>

L'exemple ci-dessus va afficher :

Tableau séquentiel array(4) { [0]=> string(3) "foo" [1]=> string(3) "bar" [2]=> string(3) "baz" [3]=> string(5) "blong" } string(27) "["foo","bar","baz","blong"]" Tableau non-séquentiel array(4) { [1]=> string(3) "foo" [2]=> string(3) "bar" [3]=> string(3) "baz" [4]=> string(5) "blong" } string(43) "{"1":"foo","2":"bar","3":"baz","4":"blong"}" Tableau séquentiel avec une clé supprimée array(3) { [0]=> string(3) "foo" [2]=> string(3) "baz" [3]=> string(5) "blong" } string(33) "{"0":"foo","2":"baz","3":"blong"}"

Exemple #5 Exemple avec l'option JSON_PRESERVE_ZERO_FRACTION

<?phpvar_dump(json_encode(12.0, JSON_PRESERVE_ZERO_FRACTION));var_dump(json_encode(12.0));?>

L'exemple ci-dessus va afficher :

string(4) "12.0" string(2) "12"

Notes

Note:

Lorsqu'une erreur survient lors de l'encodage, la fonction json_last_error() peut être utilisée pour déterminer la nature exacte de l'erreur.

Note:

Lors de l'encodage d'un tableau, si les clés ne sont pas sous la forme d'une séquence numérique continue commençant à 0, toutes les clés seront encodées sous forme de chaînes de caractères, et spécifiées explicitement pour chaque paire clé-valeur.

Note:

Tout comme l'encodeur JSON de référence, la fonction json_encode() génèrera un JSON qui est une valeur simple (ni un objet, ni un tableau) si une chaîne de caractères, un entier, un nombre décimal, ou un booléen est fourni en entrée pour le paramètre value. Bien que certains décodeurs acceptent ces valeurs comme JSON valide, d'autres ne les acceptent pas, sachant que la spécification est ambiguë sur ce point.

Pour résumer, testez toujours que le décodeur JSON peut gérer la sortie qu'on génère depuis la fonction json_encode().

Voir aussi

  • JsonSerializable
  • json_decode() - Décode une chaîne JSON
  • json_last_error() - Retourne la dernière erreur JSON
  • json_last_error_msg() - Retourne le message de la dernière erreur survenue lors de l'appel à la fonction json_validate(), json_encode() ou json_decode()
  • serialize() - Génère une représentation stockable d'une valeur

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Learn How To Improve This Page • Submit a Pull Request • Report a Bug ＋add a note

User Contributed Notes 11 notes

up down 112 bohwaz14 years ago Are you sure you want to use JSON_NUMERIC_CHECK, really really sure? Just watch this usecase: <?php // International phone number json_encode(array('phone_number' => '+33123456789'), JSON_NUMERIC_CHECK); ?> And then you get this JSON: {"phone_number":33123456789} Maybe it makes sense for PHP (as is_numeric('+33123456789') returns true), but really, casting it as an int?! So be careful when using JSON_NUMERIC_CHECK, it may mess up with your data! up down 10 elliseproduction at gmail dot com3 years ago Notice that JSON_FORCE_OBJECT will convert all non-associative arrays to objects. This is not necessarily a good solution for empty arrays. If you want to convert only empty arrays to objects, simply convert them to empty object before use json_encode function. For example: <?php $foo=array( 'empty2object'=>(object)[], 'empty2array'=>[], ); echo json_encode($foo); // {"empty2object":{},"empty2array":[]} ?> up down 2 diagnose at gmail dot com1 year ago Beware of Trailing Backslashes! The JSON specification *does not allow* trailing backslashes in strings. It will create a JSON-encoded string without throwing an error, but this string will cause an error when parsed. For example, the string "Example\" will cause the following error in JavaScript when parsing: JSON.parse: expected ',' or '}' after property value in object This appears to be an oversight in the JSON specification and the only work-around appears to be removing trailing slashes from all strings before encoding. up down 9 Istratov Vadim16 years ago Be careful with floating values in some locales (e.g. russian) with comma (",") as decimal point. Code: <?php setlocale(LC_ALL, 'ru_RU.utf8'); $arr = array('element' => 12.34); echo json_encode( $arr ); ?> Output will be: -------------- {"element":12,34} -------------- Which is NOT a valid JSON markup. You should convert floating point variable to strings or set locale to something like "LC_NUMERIC, 'en_US.utf8'" before using json_encode. up down 5 ck at ergovia dot de12 years ago Attention when passing a plain array to json_encode and using JSON_FORCE_OBJECT. It figured out that the index-order of the resulting JSON-string depends on the system PHP is running on. $a = array("a" , "b", "c"); echo json_encode($a, JSON_FORCE_OBJECT); On Xampp (Windows) you get: {"0":"a","1":"b","2":"c"}'; On a machine running debian I get: {"2":"a","1":"b","0":"c"}'; Note that the key:value pairs are different! Solution here was to use array_combine to create a ssociative array and then pass it to json_encode: json_encode(array_combine(range(0, count($a) - 1), $a), JSON_FORCE_OBJECT); up down 7 ryan at ryanparman dot com15 years ago I came across the "bug" where running json_encode() over a SimpleXML object was ignoring the CDATA. I ran across http://bugs.php.net/42001 and http://bugs.php.net/41976, and while I agree with the poster that the documentation should clarify gotchas like this, I was able to figure out how to workaround it. You need to convert the SimpleXML object back into an XML string, then re-import it back into SimpleXML using the LIBXML_NOCDATA option. Once you do this, then you can use json_encode() and still get back the CDATA. <?php // Pretend we already have a complex SimpleXML object stored in $xml $json = json_encode(new SimpleXMLElement($xml->asXML(), LIBXML_NOCDATA)); ?> up down 4 Garrett17 years ago A note about json_encode automatically quoting numbers: It appears that the json_encode function pays attention to the data type of the value. Let me explain what we came across: We have found that when retrieving data from our database, there are occasions when numbers appear as strings to json_encode which results in double quotes around the values. This can lead to problems within javascript functions expecting the values to be numeric. This was discovered when were were retrieving fields from the database which contained serialized arrays. After unserializing them and sending them through the json_encode function the numeric values in the original array were now being treated as strings and showing up with double quotes around them. The fix: Prior to encoding the array, send it to a function which checks for numeric types and casts accordingly. Encoding from then on worked as expected. up down 6 guilhenfsu at gmail dot com12 years ago Solution for UTF-8 Special Chars. <? $array = array('nome'=>'Paição','cidade'=>'São Paulo'); $array = array_map('htmlentities',$array); //encode $json = html_entity_decode(json_encode($array)); //Output: {"nome":"Paição","cidade":"São Paulo"} echo $json; ?> up down 0 dassolucas at c238 dot com dot ar1 year ago The Problem: --------------- When you filter an array in PHP using array_filter, the original keys are preserved. If you remove elements, you'll end up with gaps in the keys (non-consecutive). When encoded to JSON, this can lead to the list being interpreted as a JSON object instead of a JSON array, which might not be what your JavaScript code expects. The Solution: --------------- The array_values() function is essential in this scenario. It re-indexes the array with consecutive numerical keys (0, 1, 2, ...), ensuring that the JSON output is always a well-formed array. Example: ---------- <?php // Use Case: Filtering a list and ensuring consistent JSON array output // Imagine you have a list of items and need to send a filtered version to a JavaScript frontend // using JSON. You want to ensure the filtered list is always received as a JSON array, // regardless of which items were removed. // Sample data: A list of items $items = [ "first", "second", "third", "fourth", "fifth" ]; // Items to remove from the list $itemsToRemove = ["second", "fourth"]; // Filter the list, keeping original keys (which become non-consecutive) $filteredItems = array_filter($items, function($item) use ($itemsToRemove) { return !in_array($item, $itemsToRemove); }); // Prepare data for JSON output $output_arr = [ "list" => $filteredItems ]; // Output 1: JSON with non-consecutive keys (becomes an object) echo "Output without array_values:\n"; echo json_encode($output_arr, JSON_PRETTY_PRINT) . "\n\n"; /* Output: { "list": { "0": "first", "2": "third", "4": "fifth" } } */ // Reset keys to be consecutive using array_values $output_arr['list'] = array_values($output_arr['list']); // Output 2: JSON with consecutive keys (remains an array) echo "Output with array_values:\n"; echo json_encode($output_arr, JSON_PRETTY_PRINT) . "\n"; /* Output: { "list": [ "first", "third", "fifth" ] } */ ?> up down 3 Sam Barnum16 years ago Note that if you try to encode an array containing non-utf values, you'll get null values in the resulting JSON string. You can batch-encode all the elements of an array with the array_map function: <?php $encodedArray = array_map(utf8_encode, $rawArray); ?> up down 1 Walter Tross10 years ago If you need pretty-printed output, but want it indented by 2 spaces instead of 4: $json_indented_by_4 = json_encode($output, JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES|JSON_PRETTY_PRINT); $json_indented_by_2 = preg_replace('/^( +?)\\1(?=[^ ])/m', '$1', $json_indented_by_4); ＋add a note
  • Fonctions JSON
    • json_​decode
    • json_​encode
    • json_​last_​error
    • json_​last_​error_​msg
    • json_​validate
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