Languages Of Hungary - Wikipedia

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• 1 Minority languages of Hungary
• 2 Language families
• 3 Population by knowledge of languages
• 4 See also
• 5 References

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Languages of Hungary
Official	Hungarian
Minority	Armenian, Boyash, Bulgarian, Croatian, German, Greek, Polish, Romani, Romanian, Rusyn, Serbian, Slovak, Slovenian, Ukrainian
Foreign	English (40%)[1]German (10%)
Signed	Hungarian Sign Language
Keyboard layout	Hungarian QWERTZ

The languages spoken in Hungary include Hungarian, recognized minority languages, and other languages.

Minority languages of Hungary

[edit]

Minority languages are spoken in a number of autochthonous settlements in Hungary. The country is a signatory of the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, which was ratified at 26 April 1995 under which 14 minority languages are recognized and protected.[2] Official linguistic rights of 13 recognized minorities are regulated by the Act on the Rights of National and Ethnic Minorities, which provides measures for development of cultural and educational autonomy.[3] Levels of linguistic assimilation among Hungarian ethnic minorities are high.[3] At the time of 2001 Census, out of the 314,059 citizens belonging to ethnic minorities, 135,787 stated minority language as their primary language.[3]

Under the terms of the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, Hungary is providing special protection for the Armenian, Boyash, Bulgarian, Croatian, German, Greek, Polish, Romani, Romanian, Rusyn, Serbian, Slovak, Slovenian and Ukrainian languages.[2]

Language families

[edit] Uralic languages – Hungarian: The only official language of the country, unrelated to any of the neighbouring languages. It is the first language of some 98.9% of the total population. Indo-European languages – German: spoken by the German minority, especially in and around the Mecsek Mountains, but also in other parts of the country. (Historically, the Swabian German dialect was spoken in Hungary.) – Slovak: spoken by the Slovak minority, especially in the North Hungarian Mountains and around Békéscsaba. – Serbian: spoken by the Serbian minority, especially in and around Bácska, but also in other territories of Southern Hungary. – Slovene: spoken by the Slovene minority, especially around the Slovenian border, Western Hungary. – Croatian: spoken by the Croatian minority, especially in Southern Hungary. – Romanian: spoken by the Romanian minority, especially in and around Gyula, Eastern Hungary. – Romani: spoken by some members of the Roma minority throughout the country. Turkic languages – Cuman: once spoken in Cumania region in Hungary. It is a Kipchak language closely related to other Kipchak languages like Crimean Tatar. The last speaker died in 1777. – Kipchak: once spoken in Eastern Europe which includes Hungary. It was the lingua franca of the Golden Horde-controlled areas. It is the ancestor of all Kipchak languages today, which also includes the extinct Cuman. Sign languages – Hungarian Sign Language: spoken by around 9,000 people. It belongs to the French Sign Language family.

Population by knowledge of languages

[edit]

Language	Number of speakers (2011)[4][5]	Note
Hungarian	9,896,333 (99.6%)	The only official language of Hungary, of which 9,827,875 people (98.9%) speak it as a first language, while 68,458 people (0.7%) speak it as a second language.
English	1,589,180 (16.0%)	Foreign language
German	1,111,997 (11.2%)	Foreign language and co-official minority language
Russian	158,497 (1.6%)	Foreign language
Romanian	128,852 (1.3%)	Foreign language and co-official minority language
French	117,121 (1.2%)	Foreign language
Italian	80,837 (0.8%)	Foreign language

See also

[edit]

• Demographics of Hungary

References

[edit]

1. ^ "SPECIAL EUROBAROMETER 386 Europeans and their Languages" (PDF). ec.europa.eu. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-01-06.
2. ^ a b "Hungary needs to strengthen use of and access to minority languages". Council of Europe. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
3. ^ a b c Antal Paulik and Judit Solymosi. "Language policy in Hungary" (PDF). Noves SL. Revista de Sociolingüística. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
4. ^ Hungarian census 2011 / Országos adatok / 1.1.4.2. A népesség nyelvismeret és nemek szerint (population by spoken language), 1.1.6.1 A népesség anyanyelv, nemzetiség és nemek szerint (population by mother tongue and ethnicity) (Hungarian)
5. ^ Note: percentages do not add up to 100% as, according to the census, large proportion of Hungarians speak more than one language (native and a second language). Not all languages are shown.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Languages of Hungary.

v t e Languages of Hungary
Official language(s)	Hungarian
Minority languages	Croatian German Greek Hungarian Sign Language Romani Romanian Serbian Slovak Slovene Yemeni Arabic
Extinct languages	Cuman Jassic Kipchak Pecheneg
See Also: Minority languages of Hungary

v t e Hungary articles
History	Overview Timeline Name Christianity Military List of wars Seven chieftains Árpád dynasty Holy Crown King List of monarchs List of royal consorts List of princes of Transylvania List of princesses consort of Transylvania List of regents List of palatines Nobility Flag Coat of arms History of Transylvania Ancient Hungarian prehistory The Carpathian Basin before the Hungarian conquest Roman Pannonia Hunnic Empire Early Medieval Kingdom of the Gepids (454–567) Ostrogothic Kingdom (469–553) Avar Khaganate (567–822) Hungarian invasions of Europe (~800–970) Hungarian conquest (862–895) Medieval Principality of Hungary (895–1000) Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301) Personal union with Croatia (1102–1918) Golden Bull (1222) Mongol invasion of Hungary (1241–1242) Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526) Ottoman Wars (1366–1526) Early Modern Reformation (1520) Ottoman Wars (1526–1718) Eastern Hungarian Kingdom (1526–1570) Royal Hungary (1526–1699) Ottoman Hungary (1541–1699) Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711) Bocskai uprising 1604–1606) Wesselényi conspiracy (1664–1671) Principality of Upper Hungary (1682–1685) Kingdom of Hungary (1699–1867) Late Modern Rákóczi's War of Independence (1703–1711) Principality of Transylvania (1711–1867) Hungarian Reform Era (1825–1848) Revolution of 1848 (1848–1849) Hungarian State (1849) Austro-Hungarian Monarchy (1867–1918) Lands of the Crown of St. Stephen (1867–1918 World War I (1914–1918) Interwar period (1918–1941) Hungarian People's Republic (1918–1919) Hungarian Soviet Republic (1919) Hungarian Republic (1919–1920) Treaty of Trianon (1920) Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946) First Vienna Award (1938) Governorate of Subcarpathia (1939–1945) Second Vienna Award (1940) Revisions of Délvidék (1941) World War II (1941–1945) Contemporary Second Hungarian Republic (1946–1949) Hungarian People's Republic (1949–1989) Revolution of 1956 (1956) Goulash Communism (1956–1989) Third Hungarian Republic (1989–2012)
Geography	Administrative divisions Atlas Counties Cities and towns Climate Extreme points Fauna Birds Mammals Geology Hydrology Islands Lakes Rivers Protected areas National parks Regions Mountains
Politics	Cabinet Constitution Elections Foreign relations Human rights Intelligence Law Law enforcement Military Chief of General Staff Nationality Parliament Speaker Political parties President list Prime Minister list Visegrád Group
Economy	Agriculture Banks Hungarian National Bank Companies Energy Forint (currency) Industry Science and technology Stock exchange Taxation Telecommunications Tourism Trade unions Transport Rail Unemployment
Society	Anti-Hungarian sentiment Crime Demographics Education Universities and colleges Family policy Health Healthcare Human trafficking Hungarians List List by occupation Hungarian diaspora Csángós Székelys International rankings Irredentism Languages LGBTQ Prostitution Public holidays Religion Women Culture Academy Hungarian alphabet Architecture Castles Palaces and mansions Art Chronicles Cinema Cuisine Wine Beer Dishes Sausages Dance Domesticated animals Fashion Festivals Folklore Inventions Hungarian language Literature Media Music Mythology Names Old Hungarian script Spa culture Sport Symbols Television Theatre World Heritage Sites
Outline Category Portal

v t e Languages of Europe
Sovereign states	Albania Andorra Armenia Austria Azerbaijan Belarus Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Georgia Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Kazakhstan Latvia Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Moldova Monaco Montenegro Netherlands North Macedonia Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russia San Marino Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey Ukraine United Kingdom England Northern Ireland Scotland Wales Vatican City
States with limitedrecognition	Abkhazia Kosovo Northern Cyprus South Ossetia Transnistria
Dependencies andother entities	Åland Faroe Islands Gibraltar Guernsey Isle of Man Jersey Svalbard
Other entities	European Union Sovereign Military Order of Malta

v t e Minority languages of Europe
European Union	Austria Belgium Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Netherlands Poland Portugal Romania Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden
Other European states	Albania Andorra Armenia Azerbaijan Belarus Bosnia and Herzegovina Georgia Iceland Kazakhstan Liechtenstein Moldova Monaco Montenegro North Macedonia Norway Russia San Marino Serbia Switzerland Turkey Ukraine United Kingdom Vatican City
States with limited recognition	Abkhazia Kosovo Northern Cyprus Transnistria South Ossetia
Dependencies andother territories	Akrotiri and Dhekelia Åland Faroe Islands Gibraltar Guernsey Isle of Man Jersey Svalbard
Languages of Europe European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities European Day of Languages Universal Declaration of Linguistic Rights

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