List Of Hottest Stars - Wikipedia

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Nebula ejecta from the star WR 102
List of the hottest known stars

This is a list of hottest stars so far discovered (excluding degenerate stars), arranged by decreasing temperature. The stars with temperatures higher than 60,000 K are included.

List

[edit]
This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (May 2015)
Star name EffectiveTemperature(K) Mass(M☉) Luminosity(L☉) Spectral type Distance(light-years) Description Ref.
WR 102 200,000 16.1 380,000 WO2 8,610[1] [2][3]
WR 142 200,000 28.6 912,000 WO2 5,400 Very young oxygen type WO star on the Berkeley star cluster.[4] [3]
LMC195-1 200,000 257,000 WO2 ~160,000 [5]
BAT99-123 170,000 7.7 158,000 WO3 ~160,000 [6]
WR 93b 160,000 8.1 110,000 WO3 7,470[1] A WO star with stellar wind speeds of 5750 km/s making it the record holder. [3]
[HC2007] 31 160,000? WO3 12,886,000 [7]
BAT99-53 A 158,000 13 224,000 WC4 ~160,000 [8]
BAT99-7 158,000 25 692,000 WN4b ~160,000 [9]
IC 1613 DR1 150,000 20 480,000 WO3 ~2,380,000 A Wolf-Rayet star located in the dwarf galaxy IC 1613. It is surrounded by a nebula.[10] [11]
LH41-1042 150,000 8.4 182,000 WO4 ~160,000 [6]
BAT99-2 141,000 13 234,000 WN2 ~160,000 [9]
BAT99-94 141,000 24 631,000 WN3 ~160,000 [9]
WR 2 141,000 16 282,000 WN2 7,830[1]
AB8 141,000 19 1,413,000 WO4 ~197,000 [6]
BA 1-458 140,000 28.1 776,000 WO4 2,500,000 [12]
WR 9 (WR) 139,700 9 501,000 WC4 14,900[1]
WR 30a (WR) 129,500 7.5-9.7 195,000 WO4 25,340 [13]
WR 38 126,000 10.4 724,000[14] WC4 19,700[14] [3]
WR 142a 125,000 7.9 110,000 WC8 5,900[14] [15]
BAT99-128 112,000 14 275,000 WN3 ~160,000 [9]
WR 1 112,000 27 759,000 WN4-s 10,300[1] [16]
WR 18 112,000 38 1,288,000 WN4-s 12,500[1] [16]
WR 46 112,000 14 263,000 WN3pw 13,000
WR 7 112,000 13 214,000 WN4-s 14,000 [16]
WR 144 112,000 9.9 159,000 WC4 5,710[1] [3]
WR 52 112,000 8.5 117,000 WC4 5,710[1] [3]
AB7 105,000 23 1,259,000 WN4 ~197,000 [17]
BAT99-24 100,000 17 347,000 WN4b ~160,000 [9]
WR 37 100,000 34 1,122,000 WN4-s 21,900[14]
NGC 6822-WR 12 100,000 36 1,288,000 WN4 ~1,631,000 [12]
Gamma Velorum (WR) 90,000 9 204,000 WC8 1,100 A quadruple star system [18]
BAT99-1 89,100 12 200,000 WN3b ~160,000 [9]
EZ CMa 89,100 23 617,000 WN4-s 5,900[citation needed] A Wolf-Rayet star that may be an eccentric binary star system.[19] [20]
WR 36 89,100 12 200,000 WN5-s 17,700[1] [16]
WR 111 89,100 13 245,000 WC5 5,320[1] [3]
WR 150 89,100 24.8 724,000 WC5 28,500[1] [3]
BAT99-3 79,400 16 324,000 WN4b ~160,000 [9]
WR 19 A 79,400 400,000 WC5d 14,000[1] [21][22]
WR 44 79,400 18 417,000 WN4-w 19,800[1] [16]
WR 58 79,400 8.4 89,100 WN4/WCE 19,700[1] [3]
BAT99-37 79,400 19 447,000 WN3o 160,000 [9]
WR 45 79,400 14.1 282,000 WC6 13,900[1] [3]
BAT99-26 70,800 18 417,000 WN4b ~160,000 [9]
BAT99-35 70,800 24 398,000 WN3(h) ~160,000 [9]
BAT99-86 70,800 12 427,000 WN3(h) ~160,000 [9]
WR 136 70,800 15 260,000 WN6(h)-s 6,290[1] Fast stellar winds created the Crescent nebula[23]
WR 75 63,100 18 389,000 WN6-s 10,800[1] [16]
WR 134 63,100 19 400,000 WN6-s 6,000 A Wolf-Rayet star that is very bright [16]
WR 60 63,100 23 631,000 WC8 11,500[1] [3]
WR 149 63,100 14 269,000 WN5-s 15,900[1] [16]

See also

[edit]
  • List of most massive stars
  • List of most luminous stars
  • List of least massive stars
  • List of coolest stars

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s "Wolf-Rayet Star Catalogue". pacrowther.staff.shef.ac.uk. Retrieved 2021-05-28.
  2. ^ Sander, A.; Hamann, W. -R.; Todt, H. (2012). "The Galactic WC stars". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 540: A144. arXiv:1201.6354. Bibcode:2012A&A...540A.144S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201117830. S2CID 119182468.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Sander, A. A. C.; Hamann, W.-R.; Todt, H.; Hainich, R.; Shenar, T.; Ramachandran, V.; Oskinova, L. M. (2019-01-01). "The Galactic WC and WO stars. The impact of revised distances from Gaia DR2 and their role as massive black hole progenitors". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 621: A92. arXiv:1807.04293. Bibcode:2019A&A...621A..92S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833712. ISSN 0004-6361.
  4. ^ Sokal, Kimberly R.; Skinner, Stephen L.; Zhekov, Svetozar A.; Güdel, Manuel; Schmutz, Werner (June 2010). "Chandra Detects the Rare Oxygen-type Wolf-Rayet Star WR 142 and OB Stars in Berkeley 87". The Astrophysical Journal. 715 (2): 1327–1337. arXiv:1004.0462. Bibcode:2010ApJ...715.1327S. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/715/2/1327. ISSN 0004-637X.
  5. ^ Massey, Philip (2014). "A modern search for Wolf–Rayet stars in the Magellanic Clouds: First results". The Astrophysical Journal. 788 (1): 83. arXiv:1404.7441. Bibcode:2014ApJ...788...83M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/788/1/83. S2CID 119177379.
  6. ^ a b c Tramper, F.; Straal, S. M.; Sanyal, D.; Sana, H.; De Koter, A.; Gräfener, G.; Langer, N.; Vink, J. S.; De Mink, S. E.; Kaper, L. (2015). "Massive stars on the verge of exploding: The properties of oxygen sequence Wolf-Rayet stars". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 581: A110. arXiv:1507.00839. Bibcode:2015A&A...581A.110T. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201425390. S2CID 56093231.
  7. ^ Hadfield, L. J.; Crowther, P. A. (October 2007). "A survey of the Wolf-Rayet population of the barred, spiral galaxy NGC 1313". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 381 (1): 418–432. arXiv:0708.2039. Bibcode:2007MNRAS.381..418H. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.12284.x. ISSN 0035-8711. S2CID 3024190.
  8. ^ Ramachandran, V.; Hamann, W.-R.; Hainich, R.; Oskinova, L. M.; Shenar, T.; Sander, A. A. C.; Todt, H.; Gallagher, J. S. (2018-07-01). "Stellar population of the superbubble N 206 in the LMC. II. Parameters of the OB and WR stars, and the total massive star feedback". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 615: A40. arXiv:1802.07494. Bibcode:2018A&A...615A..40R. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201832816. ISSN 0004-6361.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Hainich, R.; Rühling, U.; Todt, H.; Oskinova, L. M.; Liermann, A.; Gräfener, G.; Foellmi, C.; Schnurr, O.; Hamann, W.-R. (May 2014). "The Wolf-Rayet stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud. A comprehensive analysis of the WN class". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 565: A27. arXiv:1401.5474. Bibcode:2014A&A...565A..27H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201322696. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 55123954.
  10. ^ Kingsburgh, Robin L.; Barlow, M. J. (May 1995). "DR 1: a WO3 star in IC 1613 and its surrounding nebula, S3". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 295: 171–182. Bibcode:1995A&A...295..171K. ISSN 0004-6361.
  11. ^ Tramper, F.; Gräfener, G.; Hartoog, O. E.; Sana, H.; De Koter, A.; Vink, J. S.; Ellerbroek, L. E.; Langer, N.; Garcia, M.; Kaper, L.; De Mink, S. E. (2013). "On the nature of WO stars: A quantitative analysis of the WO3 star DR1 in IC 1613". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 559: A72. arXiv:1310.2849. Bibcode:2013A&A...559A..72T. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201322155. S2CID 216079684.
  12. ^ a b Abbott, Jay Brian (2004). "Quantitative spectroscopic studies of Wolf-Rayet stars in local group galaxies". Ph.D. Thesis. Bibcode:2004PhDT.......161A.
  13. ^ Nugis, T.; Lamers, H. J. G. L. M. (2000). "Mass-loss rates of Wolf-Rayet stars as a function of stellar parameters". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 360: 227. Bibcode:2000A&A...360..227N.
  14. ^ a b c d Rate, Gemma; Crowther, Paul A. (2020-03-01). "Unlocking Galactic Wolf-Rayet stars with Gaia DR2 - I. Distances and absolute magnitudes". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 493 (1): 1512–1529. arXiv:1912.10125. Bibcode:2020MNRAS.493.1512R. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz3614. ISSN 0035-8711.
  15. ^ Pasquali, A.; Comerón, F.; Gredel, R.; Torra, J.; Figueras, F. (2002-12-01). "A new Wolf-Rayet star in Cygnus". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 396 (2): 533–538. arXiv:astro-ph/0210179. Bibcode:2002A&A...396..533P. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20021373. ISSN 0004-6361.
  16. ^ a b c d e f g h Hamann, W.-R.; Gräfener, G.; Liermann, A.; Hainich, R.; Sander, A. A. C.; Shenar, T.; Ramachandran, V.; Todt, H.; Oskinova, L. M. (2019-05-01). "The Galactic WN stars revisited. Impact of Gaia distances on fundamental stellar parameters". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 625: A57. arXiv:1904.04687. Bibcode:2019A&A...625A..57H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201834850. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 104292503.
  17. ^ Shenar, T.; Hainich, R.; Todt, H.; Sander, A.; Hamann, W.-R.; Moffat, A. F. J.; Eldridge, J. J.; Pablo, H.; Oskinova, L. M.; Richardson, N. D. (2016). "Wolf-Rayet stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud: II. Analysis of the binaries". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 1604: A22. arXiv:1604.01022. Bibcode:2016A&A...591A..22S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527916. S2CID 119255408.
  18. ^ Crowther, Paul A.; Barlow, M. J.; Royer, P.; Hillier, D. J.; Bestenlehner, J. M.; Morris, P. W.; Wesson, R. (2024-02-01). "Oxygen abundance of γ Vel from [O III] 88 μm Herschel/PACS spectroscopy". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 528 (2): 2026–2039. arXiv:2310.15170. Bibcode:2024MNRAS.528.2026C. doi:10.1093/mnras/stae145. ISSN 0035-8711.
  19. ^ Koenigsberger, Gloria; Schmutz, Werner (2020-05-12), "The nature of the companion in the Wolf-Rayet system EZ Canis Majoris", Astronomy & Astrophysics, 639: A18, arXiv:2005.06028, Bibcode:2020A&A...639A..18K, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201937305, retrieved 2025-06-08
  20. ^ Sota, A.; Maíz Apellániz, J.; Morrell, N. I.; Barbá, R. H.; Walborn, N. R.; Gamen, R. C.; Arias, J. I.; Alfaro, E. J.; Oskinova, L. M. (2019). "The Galactic WN stars revisited. Impact of Gaia distances on fundamental stellar parameters". Astronomy & Astrophysics. A57: 625. arXiv:1904.04687. Bibcode:2019A&A...625A..57H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201834850. S2CID 104292503.
  21. ^ Paul Crowther. "Galactic Wolf Rayet Catalogue". Retrieved 2021-05-27.
  22. ^ Lau, Ryan M.; Eldridge, J. J.; Hankins, Matthew J.; Lamberts, Astrid; Sakon, Itsuki; Williams, Peredur M. (2020-07-01). "Revisiting the Impact of Dust Production from Carbon-rich Wolf-Rayet Binaries". The Astrophysical Journal. 898 (1): 74. arXiv:2006.08695. Bibcode:2020ApJ...898...74L. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab9cb5. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 219708543.
  23. ^ Reyes-Pérez, J.; Morisset, C.; Peña, M.; Mesa-Delgado, A. (2015-09-11). "A consistent spectral model of WR 136 and its associated bubble NGC 6888". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 452 (2): 1764–1778. arXiv:1507.00051. doi:10.1093/mnras/stv1423. ISSN 0035-8711.
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