Make Your Own Rainstick: Sound & Instrument Science Activity

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Make Your Own RainstickScience SnackMake Your Own RainstickListen to the sound of rain falling—anytime, anywhere. Science Snack

Teacher Resources PrintGrade Band Grades 3-5 Grades 6-8 Grades 9-12 Grades K-2 Subject5712, 5694, 5724, 5693, 5721, 5692, 5744

• Social Science
  • Culture
• Physics
  • Sound
• Engineering and Technology
  • Design and Tinkering
• Arts

Activity Tags video instrument music Next Generation Science Standards6196, 6176, 6177, 6181, 6192, 6175

• CCCs
  • Patterns
  • Cause and Effect
  • Structure and Function
• PS
  • PS4

Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License Make Your Own RainstickListen to the sound of rain falling—anytime, anywhere.

The rainstick is a traditional instrument thought to have originated in Chile, where cactus spines are inserted into dried, hollowed-out cactus branches that are then filled with pebbles, raw rice, or dried beans.

Video DemonstrationTools and Materials

• A long cardboard tube that is about 1 1/2–2 inches (4–5 centimeters) in diameter (the cardboard tube from a roll of wrapping paper works well or you can tape two or three paper-towel rolls together; you can also use a narrow poster tube)
• Marker (any color)
• About forty 1-inch (2.5-cm) nails for every 12 inches (30 cm) of tube
• Masking or packing tape
• Two 3 x 5 index cards (or plastic end caps if you are using a poster tube)
• Scissors
• A few handfuls of raw rice or small dry beans, or a mix of such things

Assembly

1. If you're using paper-towel rolls, first tape them together to form a long tube.
2. Paper tubes have spiral seams. Use a marker to make dots about half an inch (1.25 cm) apart all the way down the spiral seam of your tube.
3. Now poke a nail all the way in at each dot. (Make sure the nails don’t poke through the other side of the tube.) You’ll need about forty nails for each 12 inches (30 cm) of tube (click to enlarge the diagram below).
4. Next, wrap tape around the tube to hold the nails in place (click to enlarge the diagram below).
5. Cut two circles from the index cards just a little bigger than the ends of the tube. Tape one of the circles over one end of the tube. Cover the circle with tape so the whole end of the tube is sealed shut. If you are using a poster tube with end caps, insert the plastic cap on one end of the tube and secure it with tape.
6. Put a handful or raw rice or beans into the open end of the tube. Cover the open end with your hand, and turn the tube over a few times, listening to the sound your rainstick makes. Add more rice or beans until you like what you hear. (Beans will make a harder sound; rice will make a softer sound.)
7. When you’re ready, tip the tube up, put the second index-card circle or plastic cap over the open end, and seal the tube shut with tape.

To Do and Notice

Once your rainstick is complete, you can shake it like a rattle, use it as a percussive instrument, or gently tip it back and forth to make soothing environmental sounds.

What’s Going On?

Each time a dry bean or grain of raw rice hits a nail it makes a tiny click. The nail carries the vibration of the clicking sound to the cardboard tube, which acts to convey the sound into the air, just like the soundboard on a piano.

The clicks happen at random as the rice falls through the tube, just as raindrops make sounds at random times as they fall onto a roof. This sound is called white noise. It is also the sound that AM radios make when they’re not tuned to a station.

Going Further

Musical instruments like these are found all over the world. In some places, including Australia and South America, legends say rainsticks were originally used as ceremonial instruments to call forth rain.

Related Snacks

Falling Rhythm Listen to the rhythm of falling weights. Coffee-Can Cuíca Build a cuíca—a musical instrument—and play with vibrations. Water-Bottle Membranophone This surprising instrument is fun to make—and even more fun to play.