Non- - Wiktionary

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See also: non, nón, nőn, and Non.

English

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Pronunciation

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  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈnɒn/, /ˌnɒn/
  • Audio (US):(file)
  • (General American) IPA(key): /ˈnɑn/, /ˌnɑn/
  • Audio (US):(file)

Etymology 1

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From Middle English non- (“not, lack of, failure to”), from Middle English non (“no, not any; not, not at all”, literally “none”) and Old English nān- (prefix), both from Old English nān (“no, not any”), from Proto-West Germanic *nain, from Proto-Germanic *nainaz (“none, nought, zero”), see none. Merged with and reinforced by Middle English non- (“not”), from Old French non- and Medieval Latin nōn (“not”), from Old Latin noinu, noinom, from ne oinom (“not one”).

Prefix

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non-

  1. Used in the sense of no or none, to show lack of or failure to perform; or in the sense of not, to negate the meaning of the word to which it is prefixed. nonpayment (“lack of payment, failure to pay”) nonaggressive (“not aggressive”)
    1. Not, the negation of the root word (a quality). nonaboriginal is a person who is not aboriginal, nonabrasive is a substance that is not abrasive, nonabstract is not abstract
      • 2013 May 13, Judith Shulevitz, “The Lethality of Loneliness”, in The New Republic‎[1], archived from the original on 31 March 2015:Back in the mid-’90s, when Cacioppo was at Ohio State University (he is now at the University of Chicago), he and his colleagues sorted undergraduates into three groups—the non-lonely, the sort-of-sometimes lonely, and the lonely.
    2. Absence, the absence of the root (a quantity). nonaccountability is absence of accountability, nonacceleration is lack of acceleration, nonaction is the absence of action; failure to act
    3. Avoiding an action. nonabiding is the practice of avoiding mental constructs during daily life, nonacceptance is a neglect or refusal to accept, nonaccumulative is tending to avoid accumulation
    4. Neutral in quality. nonaccent is a spoken accent that is neutral and undistinctive; nonacrocentric is having the centromere near the middle, and thus having roughly equal-sized arms; nonaccent is an unaccented beat or syllable, as in music or poetry
Usage notes
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  • Non- may be attached to nouns (nonspace), adjectives (nonaggressive), adverbs (nonaggressively, nonstop), or—infrequently—even verbs (nontender).
  • Non- may be joined to a word with a hyphen, standard in British usage as evidenced by OED's typically including only the hyphenated forms, but some OED entries are spelled without hyphen only. In American usage, non- is often joined without a hyphen. (For example, nonbaseball is relatively common, but noncricket, referring to a primarily British sport, is rare.) Some non- words rarely or never use a hyphen (such as nonentity). By contrast, un- is almost always spelled without a hyphen. GPO manual item 6.29. recommends to spell non- prefixed words without a hyphen unless an overriding consideration applies.[1]
  • For combinations with capitalized words such as proper nouns and some adjectives, hyphen is almost always used, e.g. non-Aristotelian or non-English. This matches GPO manual recommendation.[1]
  • Semantically, non- suggests objective quality and logical opposition (hence ungradable), whereas un- suggests subjective quality and polar/diametric opposition (often gradable).
  • Meaning "not" in phrases taken from Latin and some other languages, non is a separate word and is not hyphenated: non compos mentis, persona non grata.
  • As non- is a living and highly productive prefix, the list of words having the prefix non- is practically unlimited: Wiktionary currently has over 9000 such word forms. It is particularly common in the sciences.
Synonyms
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  • (not): a-, an-, dys-, i-/il-/im-/in-/ir-, mal-, un-
  • (absence): hypo-, pero-, ex-, se-
  • (avoiding): de-, isch-
  • (neutral): anti-, neutro-
Derived terms
[edit] English terms prefixed with non- nonabandoned nonabandonment nonabdication nonabdominal nonabductive non-Abelian nonabelian nonaberrant nonabhorrent nonabiding nonability nonabject nonablated nonablative non-able-bodied nonabnormal nonabolition nonaboriginal nonaborigine nonaborted nonaborting nonabortive nonabradable nonabrasive nonabridgment nonabrupt nonabscessed nonabsence nonabsent nonabsentative nonabsolute nonabsolution nonabsolutism nonabsolutist nonabsolvable nonabsorbable nonabsorbed non-absorbent nonabsorbent nonabsorbing nonabsorption nonabsorptive nonabstainer nonabstaining nonabstemious nonabstention nonabstinent nonabstract nonabstracted non-abstractive nonabstractive non-abstruse nonabsurd nonabundant nonabusable nonabused nonabuser nonabusive nonabutting nonabyssal non-academic nonacademic nonacceding nonaccelerated nonaccelerating nonacceleration nonaccent nonaccented nonaccentual nonacceptability nonacceptable nonacceptance nonacceptant nonacceptation nonaccepted nonaccepter nonaccepting nonaccess nonaccessible nonaccession nonaccessory nonaccident nonaccidental nonacclimated nonacclimating nonaccommodating nonaccommodation nonaccommodative nonaccompanied nonaccompaniment nonaccompanying nonaccomplishable nonaccomplished nonaccomplishment nonaccountability nonaccountable nonaccountant nonaccounting nonaccreditable nonaccreditation nonaccredited nonaccretion nonaccretional nonaccretive nonaccruable nonaccrual nonaccrued nonacculturated nonacculturative nonaccumulating nonaccumulation nonaccumulative nonaccurate nonaccursed nonaccusative nonaccusatory nonaccustomed nonacerbic nonacetabular nonacetate nonacetic nonacetogenic nonacetylated nonacetylation nonachievable nonachieved nonachievement nonachiever nonaching nonachromatic nonacicular nonacid nonacidemic nonacidic nonacidified nonacidity nonacidogenic nonacidophile nonacidophilic nonacidotic nonacid-proof nonacidulous nonacknowledged nonacknowledging nonacknowledgment nonacnegenic nonacneiform nonacoptic nonacoustic nonacoustical nonacquaintance nonacquainted nonacquiescence nonacquiescent nonacquiescing nonacquirable nonacquired nonacquisition nonacquisitional nonacquisitive nonacquisitiveness nonacquittal nonacral nonacrid nonacrimonious nonacrobatic nonacrocentric nonacronymous nonacrophobic nonacrophonic nonacrosomal nonacrostic nonacrylic nonact nonactable nonacting nonactinic nonactinide nonaction nonactionable nonactivatable nonactivated nonactivating nonactivation nonactivational nonactivatory nonactive nonactively nonactivism nonactivist nonactivistic nonactivity nonactor nonactorish nonactorly nonactual nonactuality nonactualizable nonactualized nonactuarial terms derived from not
  • nonabandoned
  • nonabdominal
  • nonabductive
  • nonabelian
  • non-Abelian
  • nonaberrant
  • nonabhorrent
  • nonability
  • nonabject
  • nonablated
  • nonablative
  • non-able-bodied
  • nonabnormal
  • nonaboriginal
  • nonaborigine
  • nonaborted
  • nonaborting
  • nonabortive
  • nonabradable
  • nonabrasive
  • nonabridgment
  • nonabrupt
  • nonabscessed
  • nonabsence
  • nonabsent
  • nonabsolute
  • nonabsolutist
  • nonabsolvable
  • nonabsorbable
  • nonabsorbed
  • non-absorbent
  • nonabsorbent
  • nonabsorbing
  • nonabsorptive
  • nonabstainer
  • nonabstaining
  • nonabstemious
  • nonabstinent
  • nonabstract
  • nonabstracted
  • nonabstractive
  • non-abstruse
  • nonabsurd
  • nonabundant
  • nonabusable
  • nonabused
  • nonabuser
  • nonabusive
  • nonabutting
  • non-academic
  • nonacademic
  • non-academic
  • nonacademic
  • nonacceding
  • nonaccelerated
  • nonaccelerating
  • nonaccented
  • nonaccentual
  • nonacceptability
  • nonacceptable
  • nonacceptant
  • nonacceptation
  • nonaccepted
  • nonaccepter
  • nonaccepting
  • nonaccessible
  • nonaccessory
  • nonaccident
  • nonaccidental
  • nonacclimated
  • nonacclimating
  • nonaccommodating
  • nonaccommodative
  • nonaccompanied
  • nonaccompanying
  • nonaccomplishable
  • nonaccomplished
  • nonaccomplishment
  • nonaccountable
  • nonaccountant
  • nonaccounting
  • nonaccreditable
  • nonaccredited
  • nonaccretional
  • nonaccretive
  • nonaccruable
  • nonaccrual
  • nonacculturated
  • nonacculturative
  • nonaccumulating
  • nonaccumulation
  • nonaccumulative
  • nonaccurate
  • nonaccursed
  • nonaccusative
  • nonaccusatory
  • nonaccustomed
  • nonacerbic
  • nonacetabular
  • nonacetate
  • nonacetic
  • nonacetogenic
  • nonacetylated
  • nonachievable
  • nonachieved
  • nonachievement
  • nonachiever
  • nonaching
  • nonachromatic
  • nonacicular
  • nonacid
  • nonacidemic
  • nonacidic
  • nonacidified
  • nonacidogenic
  • nonacidophile
  • nonacidophilic
  • nonacidotic
  • nonacid-proof
  • nonacidulous
  • nonacknowledged
  • nonacknowledging
  • nonacnegenic
  • nonacneiform
  • nonacoptic
  • nonacoustic
  • nonacoustical
  • nonacquaintance
  • nonacquainted
  • nonacquiescent
  • nonacquiescing
  • nonacquirable
  • nonacquired
  • nonacquisitional
  • nonacquisitive
  • nonacquisitiveness
  • nonacral
  • nonacrid
  • nonacrimonious
  • nonacrobatic
  • nonacronymous
  • nonacrophobic
  • nonacrophonic
  • nonacrosomal
  • nonacrostic
  • nonacrylic
  • nonact
  • nonactable
  • nonacting
  • nonactinic
  • nonactinide
  • nonactionable
  • nonactivatable
  • nonactivated
  • nonactivating
  • nonactivational
  • nonactivatory
  • nonactive
  • nonactively
  • nonactivist
  • nonactivistic
  • nonactor
  • nonactorish
  • nonactorly
  • nonactual
  • nonactuality
  • nonactualizable
  • nonactualized
  • nonactuarial
  • nonactuatable
  • nonaculeate
terms derived from absence
  • nonabandonment
  • nonabdication
  • nonability
  • nonabolition
  • nonabsentative
  • nonabsolution
  • nonabsolutism
  • nonabsorption
  • nonabstention
  • nonacceleration
  • nonaccess
  • nonaccession
  • nonaccommodation
  • nonaccompaniment
  • nonaccountability
  • nonaccreditation
  • nonaccretion
  • nonaccrued
  • nonacetylation
  • nonacidity
  • nonacknowledgment
  • nonacquaintance
  • nonacquiescence
  • nonacquisition
  • nonacquittal
  • nonaction
  • nonactivation
  • nonactivism
  • nonactivity
terms derived from avoiding
  • nonabiding
  • nonacceptance
  • nonaccumulative
terms derived from neutral
  • nonaccent
  • nonacrocentric
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  • an-
  • anti-
  • in-
  • no
  • non
  • none
  • not
  • un-
Translations
[edit] not
  • Afrikaans: nie-
  • Armenian: ոչ (hy) (očʻ), չ- (čʻ-), ան- (an-)
  • Azerbaijani: qeyri-, olmayan
  • Catalan: no- (ca)
  • Chinese: Mandarin: 不 (zh) (bù-), 非 (zh) (fēi-), 無 / 无 (zh) (wú-)
  • Czech: ne- (cs), mimo- (cs)
  • Dutch: niet-
  • Esperanto: ne-
  • Finnish: ei- (fi), epä- (fi)
  • French: non- (fr)
  • Georgian: არა- (ara-), არ- (ar-)
  • German: nicht- (de)
  • Greek: μη (el) (mi)
  • Hindi: अ- (a-), अन- (an-)
  • Ido: ne-
  • Irish: mí-, neamh-
  • Japanese: 非 (ja) (hi-), 不 (ja) (fu-), 無 (ja) (mu-)
  • Kapampangan: e-
  • Korean: 불(不) (ko) (bul), 비(非) (ko) (bi), 무(無) (ko) (mu)
  • Latin: nōn (la)
  • Polish: nie- (pl)
  • Portuguese: não- (pt)
  • Russian: не- (ru) (ne-)
  • Scottish Gaelic: mì-, neo-
  • Spanish: no (es), des- (es), in- (es), non (es) (disused)
  • Swedish: icke- (sv), o- (sv)
  • Turkish: olmayan (tr)
  • Ukrainian: не- (uk) (ne-)

Etymology 2

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From Latin nona (“nine”).

Prefix

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non-

  1. prevocalic form of nona-
Derived terms
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  • nonad
  • nonillion
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  • nonet
  • nonuplet

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 6. Compounding Rules in U.S. Government Printing Office Style Manual, govinfo.gov

Further reading

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  • “non-”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
  • John A. Simpson and Edmund S. C. Weiner, editors (1989), “non-”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN.

Danish

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈnʌn/, /ˈnʌnˀ/, /nʌnˈ/

Prefix

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non-

  1. non-

Derived terms

[edit] Danish terms prefixed with non- nonbinær nonord

References

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  • “non-” in Den Danske Ordbog

Dutch

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from French non-.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /nɔn/

Prefix

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non-

  1. non- (not) Synonym: niet-
Derived terms
[edit] Dutch terms prefixed with non- (not) non-binair non-fictie

Etymology 2

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /noːn/
  • Audio:(file)

Prefix

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non-

  1. (organic chemistry) non-
Derived terms
[edit] Dutch terms prefixed with non- (organic chemistry) nonaan noneen nonyl nonyn

See also

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  • Category:nl:Hydrocarbon chain prefixes

Finnish

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Etymology

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< English non-

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈnon-/, [ˈno̞n-]

Prefix

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non-

  1. (in loanwords) non-

Derived terms

[edit] Finnish terms prefixed with non- noninvasiivinen

German

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /non/
  • Audio (Germany (Berlin)):(file)

Prefix

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non-

  1. (organic chemistry) non-

Derived terms

[edit] German terms prefixed with non- Nonan nonbinär nonkonform

See also

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  • Category:de:Hydrocarbon chain prefixes

Indonesian

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Etymology

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From English non-, from Middle English non- (“not, lack of, failure to”), from Middle English non (“no, not any; not, not at all”, literally “none”), from Old English nān (“no, not any”), see none. Merged with and reinforced by Middle English non- (“not”), from Old French non- and Medieval Latin nōn (“not”), from Old Latin noinu, noinom, from ne oinom (“not one”).

Pronunciation

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  • (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /ˈnɔn/ [ˈnon]
  • Rhymes: -ɔn
  • Syllabification: non-

Prefix

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non-

  1. non-: Used in the sense of no or none, to show lack of or failure to perform; or in the sense of not, to negate the meaning of the word to which it is prefixed.

Derived terms

[edit] Indonesian terms prefixed with non- nonelektrik nonfisik nonfiskal kompetensi nonteknis nonpemerintah nonzonasi nonsubsidi nontunai

Further reading

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  • “non-”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

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