On This Day - What Happened On November 19 | Britannica

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1977 Anwar Sadat's visit to Israel After the Arab-Israeli war of 1973–74, Egyptian President Anwar Sadat began to work toward peace, and on this day in 1977 he began his historic visit to Israel, during which he offered a peace plan to its parliament. dpa picture alliance/Alamy

Featured Biography

Indira Gandhi prime minister of India bornNovember 19, 1917Prayagraj, IndiadiedOctober 31, 1984 (aged 66)Delhi, IndiaLibrary of Congress, Washington, D.C. (LC-USZ62-134157) 1962 Jodie Foster American actress and director 1958 Charlie Kaufman American screenwriter and director 1954 Abdel Fattah al-Sisi president of Egypt 1917 Indira Gandhi prime minister of India 1835 Lakshmi Bai queen of Jhansi See All Biographies On This Day

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2017 American criminal and cult leader Charles Manson—whose followers carried out several notorious murders in the 1960s, notably those at the home of Sharon Tate—died in prison at age 83. Read about seven of history's most notorious serial killersAP/Shutterstock.com 2007 Amazon.com began selling the Kindle, a wireless electronic reading device that played a key role in popularizing e-books. Read our list of the seven ways our ancestors took their reading on the goAmazon.com, Inc. 2002 As had the House of Representatives the previous week, the U.S. Senate overwhelmingly approved the creation of a new cabinet department, the Department of Homeland Security, to have a workforce of 170,000. Test your knowledge of the United States© MedioImages/Getty Images 1990 The pop duo Milli Vanilli became the first performers to be stripped of a Grammy Award (for best new artist) after it was revealed that the two men had not sung on the album Girl You Know It's True (1989). Take our quiz about the Grammy Awards 1975 The dramatic film One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest was released in American theatres, and it became the first film since It Happened One Night (1934) to win the Academy Awards for best picture, director (Miloš Forman), lead actor (Jack Nicholson), lead actress (Louise Fletcher), and screenplay. How much do you know about the Academy Awards?Courtesy of United Artists Corporation 1969 Brazilian football (soccer) player Pelé scored his 1,000th career goal. Test your knowledge of football (soccer)Pictorial Parade—Archive Photos/Getty Images 1962 American actress Jodie Foster, who was best known for her dramatic portrayals of misfit characters set against intimidating challenges, was born. Sort fact from fiction in our quiz about A-list actorsMGM Studios 1863 U.S. President Abraham Lincoln delivered the brief but renowned Gettysburg Address at the dedication of the National Cemetery in Pennsylvania during the American Civil War. How much do you know about Abraham Lincoln?Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 1820 The Troppau protocol, a declaration of intention to take collective action against revolution, was signed by the Holy Alliance powers at the Congress of Troppau. Take our quiz about European history 1794 During his tenure as the first chief justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, John Jay negotiated the Jay Treaty with Great Britain, helping mend ties between the Americans and British. Sort fact from fiction in our quiz about the United StatesLibrary of Congress, Washington, D.C. (neg. no. LC-USZ62-17681) 1703 The man in the iron mask, a political prisoner famous in French history and legend, died in the Bastille. Test your knowledge of French historyLibrary of Congress, Washington, D.C. (Digital File Number: LC-DIG-ppmsca-07185) SIGN UP FOR History's Biggest Headlines Discover the fascinating events that shaped the world, straight from our editors. SIGN UP Thanks for signing up for Today in History. Your first newsletter will arrive soon! SIGN UP By clicking "Sign Up" you are agreeing to our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.