Orangutan - Wiktionary
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See also: orangután, orang-utan, orang utan, Orang-Utan, órang-útan, and órangútan 
Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii)
orangutan
Declension of orangutan
Declension of orangutan
English
[edit]
Alternative forms
[edit]- orang-utan, orang-outang, ourang-outang, orangoutang, orang utan, orangutang
- (rare) ourang outang, orang-outan, ourangoutang, orang-utang, ourang-outan, oran-outang, orang-otang, orangoutan, orangotang, orang-otan, uran-utan, oran-otan, orang-hutan
Etymology
[edit]Probably via Dutch orang-oetan, orang-oetang, apparently from Malay orang hutan, orang utan (literally “forest man”), from orang (“person, man”) + hutan (“forest”), although as a term for the animal it is attested only recently (earlier and preferred terms being mawas and mayas). As there is originally no evidence for its usage, except occasionally literally, it must be assumed to have been regional, or a descriptive collocation used to explain the animal to early travellers. Forms in -ng are alterations after the first element, orang.[1]
The name orangutan has been used in Old Javanese texts, notably in Rāmāyaṇa and Smaradahana, in the form of uraṅutan and wuraṅutan. Its usage to refer to the apes in these texts (from as early as the 9th century CE) has been seen as a refutation of claims that the name orangutan originates from a European source.[2]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (UK) IPA(key): /əˌɹæŋ.uːˈtæn/, /əˌɹæŋ.uːˈtæŋ/[3]
- (UK, without the horse–hoarse merger) IPA(key): /ɔəˌɹæŋuːˈtæn/, /ˌɔə.ɹæŋˈuː.tæn/[4]
- (US) IPA(key): /əˈɹæŋ.əˌtæn/, /əˈɹæŋ.əˌtæŋ/, /ɔˈɹæŋ.ʊˌtæn/, /oʊˈɹæŋ-/[5]
Audio (US): (file) Audio (UK): (file) - (General Australian) IPA(key): /əˈɹæŋˌə.tɛːŋ/, /əˈɹæŋˌə.tæŋ/
- (Indic) IPA(key): /ɵˈɾɑŋɡʊʈɑn/
- Hyphenation: o‧rang‧u‧tan
Noun
[edit]orangutan (plural orangutans)
- An arboreal ape, characterised by their shaggy reddish-brown coat and long arms, which comprise the genus Pongo, native to Borneo and Sumatra.
Usage notes
[edit]- Formerly considered a single species.
- First described scientifically in 1758 by Carl Linnaeus as Homo Sylvestris.
- Renamed Simia pygmaeus in 1760 by his student Christian Emmanuel Hopp, then placed in Pongo by Lacépède in 1799.
- From 1996, divided into two species: the Bornean orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus, with three subspecies) and the Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii).
- The third species, the Tapanuli orangutan (Pongo tapanuliensis), was identified definitively in 2017.
Derived terms
[edit]- Bornean orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
- orangoid
- Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii)
- Tapanuli orangutan (Pongo tapanuliensis)
Descendants
[edit]- → Catalan: orangutan
- → Czech: orangutan
- → Faroese: orangutang (perhaps via another European language)
- → French: orang-outan, ourang-outang
- → Romanian: urangutan
- → German: Orang-Utan
- → Greek: ουρακοτάγκος (ourakotágkos)
- → Hungarian: orangután
- → Italian: orangutan, orango
- → Japanese: オランウータン (oran'ūtan)
- → Korean: 오랑우탄 (orang'utan)
- → Polish: orangutan
- → Russian: орангутан (orangutan), орангутанг (orangutang)
- → Armenian: օրանգուտան (ōrangutan)
- → Ingrian: orang-utan
- → Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic script: орангу̀та̄н
- Latin script: orangùtān
- → Sicilian: rangutanu
- → Spanish: orangután
- → Galician: orangután
- → Swedish: orangutang
- → Thai: อุรังอุตัง (ù-rang-ù-dtang)
- → Turkish: orangutan
Translations
[edit] arboreal anthropoid ape
|
References
[edit]- ^ “orangutan, n.”, in OED Online
, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000. - ^ Sastrawan, Wayan Jarrah (2020), “The word ‘orangutan’: Old Malay origin or European concoction?”, in Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia, volume 176, number 4, →DOI, pages 532–541
- ^ James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “Orangutan”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC.
- ^ The Chambers Dictionary, 9th Ed., 2003
- ^ “orangutan”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
Catalan
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from English orangutan, from Malay orang utan.
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): (Central) [u.ɾəŋ.ɡuˈtan]
- IPA(key): (Balearic) [o.ɾəŋ.ɡuˈtan]
- IPA(key): (Valencia) [o.ɾaŋ.ɡuˈtan]
Audio (Barcelona): (file)
Noun
[edit]orangutan m (plural orangutans)
- orangutan
Further reading
[edit]- “orangutan”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007
Czech
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from English orangutan, from Malay orang utan.
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): [ˈoraŋɡutan]
- Hyphenation: oran‧gu‧tan
Noun
[edit]orangutan m anim (relational adjective orangutaní, diminutive orangutánek)
- orangutan (any ape of the genus Pongo)
Declension
[edit] Declension of orangutan (hard masculine animate)| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | orangutan | orangutani |
| genitive | orangutana | orangutanů |
| dative | orangutanovi, orangutanu | orangutanům |
| accusative | orangutana | orangutany |
| vocative | orangutane | orangutani |
| locative | orangutanovi, orangutanu | orangutanech |
| instrumental | orangutanem | orangutany |
Further reading
[edit]- “orangutan”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
- “orangutan”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
- “orangutan”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025
Italian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- orango, urango, orangotango, orangutango, orangotano, orangutano, rangutan, rangutano
Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from English orangutan, from Malay orang utan.
Noun
[edit]orangutan m (invariable)
- orangutan
Polish
[edit]
Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from English orangutan.
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /ɔ.raŋˈɡu.tan/
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -utan
- Syllabification: o‧ran‧gu‧tan
Noun
[edit]orangutan m animal
- orangutan (any ape of the genus Pongo)
Declension
[edit] Declension of orangutan| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | orangutan | orangutany |
| genitive | orangutana | orangutanów |
| dative | orangutanowi | orangutanom |
| accusative | orangutana | orangutany |
| instrumental | orangutanem | orangutanami |
| locative | orangutanie | orangutanach |
| vocative | orangutanie | orangutany |
Descendants
[edit]- → Kashubian: orangùtan
Further reading
[edit]- orangutan in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- orangutan in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- orangutan in PWN's encyclopedia
Romanian
[edit]Noun
[edit]orangutan m (plural orangutani)
- alternative form of urangutan
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative-accusative | orangutan | orangutanul | orangutani | orangutanii |
| genitive-dative | orangutan | orangutanului | orangutani | orangutanilor |
| vocative | orangutanule | orangutanilor | ||
Serbo-Croatian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from English orangutan, from Malay orang utan.
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /oranɡǔtaːn/
- Hyphenation: o‧ran‧gu‧tan
Noun
[edit]orangùtān m anim (Cyrillic spelling орангу̀та̄н)
- orangutan
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | orangutan | orangutani |
| genitive | orangutana | orangutana |
| dative | orangutanu | orangutanima |
| accusative | orangutana | orangutane |
| vocative | orangutane | orangutani |
| locative | orangutanu | orangutanima |
| instrumental | orangutanom | orangutanima |
Turkish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Ottoman Turkish اورانغوتان (orangutan), from French orangoutan, from Malay orang utan.
Noun
[edit]orangutan
- orangutan
Declension
[edit]
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References
[edit]- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “orangutan”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
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