Po - Wiktionary

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "po" Languages (53)EnglishAkan • Albanian • Amondawa • Ao • Asaro'o • Balkan Romani • Borôro • Central Bikol • Chickasaw • Chinese • Cornish • Czech • Dutch • Esperanto • Galician • Guinea-Bissau Creole • Haitian Creole • Hausa • Ido • Imonda • Japanese • Lithuanian • Lower Sorbian • Mandarin • Middle English • Mokilese • Nupe • Old Czech • Old Polish • Paraguayan Guarani • Polish • Portuguese • Rapa Nui • Samoan • Sardinian • Senggi • Serbo-Croatian • Silesian • Slovak • Slovene • Spanish • Swahili • Tagalog • Tapachultec • Tewa • Tocharian B • Umotína • Volapük • Waris • Western Yugur • White Hmong • YorubaPage categories

English

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Pronunciation

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IPA(key): /pəʊ/
Audio (General Australian): (file)
Rhymes: -əʊ

Etymology 1

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From Middle English po (found also in pocock), from Old English pāwa, pēa (“peacock”), from Proto-Germanic *pāwô (“peacock”), from Latin pāvō. Cognate with Dutch pauw, German Pfau. See also peacock.

Noun

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English Wikipedia has an article on:po (disambiguation)Wikipedia

po (plural pos)

(obsolete) A peacock. [8th–19th c.]

Etymology 2

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A diminutive of pot.

Noun

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po (plural pos)

(UK, Australia, New Zealand, colloquial, dated) A chamberpot. [from 19th c.]
- 1961, Michael Flanders and Donald Swann, “P** P* B**** B** D*******”, in The Bestiary of Flanders & Swann:Ma's out, Pa's out, let's talk rude-- Pee, po, belly, bum, drawers!
- 1988, Richard Hoggart, A Local Habitation, 1918-40, Chatto & Windus, →ISBN, page 67:‘Pos’ or ‘chamber pots’ were provided under the beds.
- 1989, Leonard Woolf, edited by Frederic Spotts, Letters of Leonard Woolf, page 86:There are always several spitoons & pos [chamber pots] about the room & a loathesome smell of consumption, which I expect I shall catch.
- 2016, Alan Moore, Jerusalem, Liveright, published 2016, page 44:Shaking the last few drops from off the end he looked down in surprise at the great head of steam that brimmed above the po, belatedly apprised of just how icy the October garret was.

Synonyms

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See Thesaurus:chamber pot

Derived terms

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po-face
po-faced

Descendants

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Yoruba: póò

Etymology 3

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Clipping of police.

Noun

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po pl (plural only)

(slang) The police.
- 2008, Megan T. White, Rounding the Finish Line, Baltimore, M.D.: PublishAmerica, →ISBN, page 209:"Basically it's a celebration of all the gearheads in the area," Rob told him. "Sometimes we get busted by the po, but we always find a new place to show off our rides. Enjoy this lot while we have it."
- 2009, Debra Webb, Secrets in Four Corners, Toronto, Ont. […]: Harlequin, →ISBN, page 155:"'Bout time the po' got here," someone said loud enough for Bree to hear.
- 2018, U-God [Lamont Hawkins], Raw: My Journey Into the Wu-Tang, New York, N.Y.: Picador, →ISBN, page 89:Now, one of the rules I had—this is another reason why certain police probably respected us dudes—when it was hot, when I saw certain po, we would shut it down. We left. I would just leave. I would give them they space and let them go.

Alternative forms

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Related terms

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po-po

Etymology 4

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From Hokkien 薄 (po̍h / po̍k, “weak”).

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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(Singapore) IPA(key): [p˭o]

Adjective

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po (not comparable)

(Singapore, colloquial, used as a modifier after kopi (“coffee”) or teh (“tea”)) Thinner; with more water added to dilute it.

Related terms

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C
di lo
gah dai
gau
kosong
O
peng
siew dai

Anagrams

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OP, Op., op, op.

Akan

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Pronunciation

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Tone: LL[1]

Verb

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to bully po mo - to bully you

References

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^ Kotey, Paul A. (1998), Twi-English/English-Twi Dictionary‎[1], New York: Hippocrene Books, →ISBN

Christaller, Johann Gottlieb (1881), A Dictionary of the Asante and Fante Language Called Tshi (Chwee, Tw̌i)‎[6], Basel, page 381

Albanian

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Etymology

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According to Brian D. Joseph, it is a difficult word with unclear root. Hamp claims origin from Proto-Indo-European *pest (“so”)[1]

Pronunciation

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IPA(key): /pɔ/
Audio: (file)

Particle

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yes
Used with the present and imperfect tense of a verb to show a continuous action. It corresponds to the English "be + gerund" formation.

References

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^ Joseph, B. D. the Puzzle of Albanian po. 2011

Amondawa

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Verb

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do (make, work, perform)

References

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V. da Silva Sinha et al, Event-based time intervals in an Amazonian culture, in Space and Time in Languages and Cultures: Language, Culture, and Cognition

Ao

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Etymology

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From Proto-Central Naga *phuʔ.

Noun

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(Chungli) pot

Asaro'o

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Alternative forms

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fo (Molet Kasu, Molet Mur)

Noun

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water

Balkan Romani

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Macedonian по- (po-) or dialectal Serbo-Croatian.[1]

Particle

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-er, more; forms comparative adjectives and adverbs.[1][2][3][4][5]
follows the definite article to form the superlative[4][5]

References

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↑ 1.0 1.1 Boretzky, Norbert; Igla, Birgit (1994), “po(-)²”, in Wörterbuch Romani-Deutsch-Englisch für den südosteuropäischen Raum : mit einer Grammatik der Dialektvarianten [Romani-German-English dictionary for the Southern European region] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 219ab
^ Ronald Lee (2005), “Lesson eighteen”, in Learn Romani: Das-dúma Rromanes, reprint edition, Hatfield: University of Hertfordshire Press, published 2017, →ISBN, page 269
^ Marcel Courthiade (2009), “po¹”, in Melinda Rézműves, editor, Morri angluni rromane ćhibǎqi evroputni lavustik = Első rromani nyelvű európai szótáram : cigány, magyar, angol, francia, spanyol, német, ukrán, román, horvát, szlovák, görög [My First European-Romani Dictionary: Romani, Hungarian, English, French, Spanish, German, Ukrainian, Romanian, Croatian, Slovak, Greek] (overall work in Hungarian and English), Budapest: Fővárosi Onkormányzat Cigány Ház--Romano Kher, →ISBN, page 279a
↑ 4.0 4.1 Anna-Maria Meyer (2020), “The Impact of Slavic Languages on Romani”, in Yaron Matras, Anton Tenser, editors, The Palgrave Handbook of Romani Language and Linguistics, Palgrave Macmillan, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 277-278
↑ 5.0 5.1 Yūsuke Sumi (2018), ニューエクスプレスプラス　ロマ（ジプシー）語 [New Express Plus Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, published 2021, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 96-97

Borôro

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Noun

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synonym of pobo (“water”)

References

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Mônica Cidele da Cruz, Povo Umutína : a busca da identidade linguística e cultural [Les Umutína : À la recherche d’une identité linguistique et culturelle], Université Unicamp / Campinas, 2012, page 40

Central Bikol

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Tagalog po.

Pronunciation

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IPA(key): /ˈpoʔ/ [ˈpoʔ]

Particle

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pò (Basahan spelling ᜉᜓ)

(formal, polite) marks respect toward the person the speaker is addressing Synonym: tabi Dagos po kamo.Come on in, Sir/Ma'am. Ma, maduman po ako sa simbahan.Mom, I am going to church.

Chickasaw

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Pronoun

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Chinese

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Etymology

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Borrowed from English post.

Pronunciation

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Mandarin (Pinyin): pōu, pō (Zhuyin): ㄆㄡ, ㄆㄛ
Cantonese (Jyutping): pou1

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
  - Hanyu Pinyin: pōu
  - Zhuyin: ㄆㄡ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: pou
  - Wade–Giles: pʻou1
  - Yale: pōu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pou
  - Palladius: поу (pou)
  - Sinological IPA (key): /pʰoʊ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)+
  - Hanyu Pinyin: pō
  - Zhuyin: ㄆㄛ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: po
  - Wade–Giles: pʻo1
  - Yale: pwō
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: po
  - Palladius: по (po)
  - Sinological IPA (key): /pʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
  - Jyutping: pou1
  - Yale: pōu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: pou1
  - Guangdong Romanization: pou1
  - Sinological IPA (key): /pʰou̯⁵⁵/

Verb

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(Internet slang) to post
- fb狂po相，朋友易受傷 [Cantonese, trad.]fb狂po相，朋友易受伤 [Cantonese, simp.]From: [8]fb kwong4 pou1 soeng3-2, pang4 jau5 ji6 sau6 soeng1 [Jyutping]post too many images on Facebook and you might damage your [relationships with] friends

Noun

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(Internet slang) an Internet post, thread, topic, etc

Derived terms

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po主 (pōuzhǔ)
po文
自po (Cantonese)
追po (Cantonese)
開po / 开po (Cantonese)

Cornish

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Etymology 1

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According to an Gerlyver Meur, either an unstressed form of py (“which”) or provected form of the present-future subjunctive of bos (“to be”).

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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IPA(key): /pɔ/

Conjunction

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Etymology 2

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Contraction of pa (“when”) and the present-future subjunctive of bos (“to be”).

Pronunciation

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(Revived Late Cornish) IPA(key): /poː/

Contraction

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(Revived Late Cornish) contraction of pa +‎ vo, literally “when ... is” po'chy ha dha wreg prieswhen you and your wife are married po margh ledryswhen a horse is stolen

Czech

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Pronunciation

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IPA(key): [ˈpo]
Audio: (file)

Etymology 1

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Noun

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po n

abbreviation of pondělí (“Monday”)

Declension

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This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Etymology 2

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From Old Czech po, from Proto-Slavic *po, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó.

Preposition

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po [with locative]

after
along / across a surface

Preposition

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po [with accusative]

(space, time, scales, lists) up to, for
(dimension) all through

Dutch

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Etymology

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Borrowing from French pot.

Pronunciation

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IPA(key): /poː/
Rhymes: -oː
Audio: (file)

Noun

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po m (plural po's, diminutive pootje n)

chamber pot

Descendants

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→ Papiamentu: pò

Anagrams

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Esperanto

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Esperanto Wikipedia has an article on:poWikipedia eo

Pronunciation

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IPA(key): /po/
Audio 1: (file)
Audio 2: (file)
Rhymes: -o
Syllabification: po

Etymology 1

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Borrowed from Russian по (po) and Polish po.

Preposition

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A grammatical particle used with quantity words to indicate rate or a distributive quantity: each, apiece, at, @ Antonym: -ope Mi kudrados ĉiutage po 10 horoj. ― I will sew 10 hours a day. Oni povas nokti po 6 frankoj. ― You can spend the night for 6 francs (a night). La kurso daŭras dum 10 tagoj po 30 minutoj. ― The course lasts 10 days at 30 minutes (a day). La komitato estas rebalotota ĉiun trian jaron po triono. ― A third of the committee is reelected every third year. La gastoj trinkis po (unu) glaseton da vino. ― The guests each drank one glass of wine. Ili ricevis po 5 pomojn. ― They received 5 apples apiece. Elektu al vi po 3 homojn el ĉiu tribo. ― Choose for yourselves 3 people (apiece) from each tribe.

Derived terms

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Etymology 2

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Noun

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po (accusative singular po-on, plural po-oj, accusative plural po-ojn)

The name of the Latin script letter P/p.

Galician

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old Galician-Portuguese poo, from Vulgar Latin *pulus, from earlier *pulvus n, from Latin pulvis m, from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“flour, dust”). Compare Portuguese pó. Doublet of polvo, which was borrowed from Spanish polvo.

Pronunciation

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IPA(key): [ˈpɔː]

Noun

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po m (plural pos)

dust
- 1276, M. Lucas Álvarez, P. Lucas Dominguez, editors, El monasterio de San Clodio do Ribeiro en la Edad Media: estudio y documentos, Sada / A Coruña: Edicións do Castro, page 375:et este pan deue a seer qual o Deus der no logar et seer linpo de palla et de poo, d'eruellada et de mosceyra, et deue a seer ben seco et ben linpo et bõõ panand this grain must be that that God gives at that place, and it must be clean of chaff and dust, of vetch and fodder, and it must be well dry and well clean and good grain
powder
- 1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Rufus, Jordanus: Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 141:E Nota que o poo dos collos das abroteas ual mays que todos llos outros, et dos ditos poos deuen vsar nos llugarres neruossos et jntrincados de veas et darteriasTake note that the powder of the rhizomes of the asphodels has more value than all the rest, and that these powders should be used in places that are nervous and entangled with veins and arteries

Derived terms

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poalla
poeira

References

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Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González; Granja, María Álvarez de la; Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “poo”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Barreiro, Xavier Varela; Guinovart, Xavier Gómez (2006–2018), “poo”, in Corpus Xelmírez: corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval [Corpus Xelmírez: linguistic corpus of Medieval Galicia] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “po”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “po”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “po”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Guinea-Bissau Creole

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Etymology 1

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From Portuguese pau. Cognate with Kabuverdianu pó.

Noun

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tree
stick

Etymology 2

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From Portuguese pó. Cognate with Kabuverdianu puera.

Noun

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dust

Haitian Creole

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Etymology

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From French peau (“skin”).

Pronunciation

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IPA(key): /po/

Noun

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(anatomy) skin

Hausa

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Etymology

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Probably from French pot.

Pronunciation

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IPA(key): /pôː/
- (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA(key): [pôː]

Noun

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pô m (possessed form pôn)

children's toilet

Ido

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Esperanto po, Russian по (po).

Pronunciation

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IPA(key): /po/

Preposition

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for, at the price of, in exchange for; per Me kompris la domo po quaradek mil euri. ― I bought the house for forty thousand euros.

Imonda

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Noun

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water

Japanese

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Romanization

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The hiragana syllable ぽ (po) or the katakana syllable ポ (po) in Hepburn romanization.

Lithuanian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Balto-Slavic *pa (“after, by”) (compare Latvian pa, pa-, Old Prussian po (“after, by, under”), Proto-Slavic *po (“after, by, at”)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂pó, *h₂epó (“away, from”).[1] Other cognates include Mycenaean Greek 𐀀𐀢 (a-pu, “from”), Sanskrit अप (ápa, “away, off”), Old Persian 𐎠𐎱 (a-p /⁠apa⁠/, “away”), Latin ab (“from”), Gothic 𐌰𐍆 (af, “of”). See pa-, pó- for more.

Preposition

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põ

under, beneath (movement, position) [with instrumental]
beside, near, along (movement, position) [with instrumental or genitive]
expresses the direction of movement [with instrumental or genitive] eik põ dešinei ― go to the right
after, following a certain time period, event; after the disappearance or loss of [with genitive]
expresses gradual progression; one after another [with genitive] mẽtai põ mẽtų ― year after year
until, up to a certain time [with dative] Teñ jiẽ gyvẽna ir̃ põ šiái diẽnai ― they live there until this day
around, throughout the whole of [with accusative] keliáuti põ Europą ― travel around Europe
used to express division into equal parts [with accusative] vaikai̇̃ gãvo põ gãbalą sū́rio ― the kids got a piece of cheese each põ truputį ― little by little
expresses the manner of an action [with genitive or dative or instrumental]

Related terms

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apačia
pa-, po-

References

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^ Derksen, Rick (2015), “po”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 368-9

Lower Sorbian

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Preposition

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superseded spelling of pó

Mandarin

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Romanization

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po (po5 / po0, Zhuyin ˙ㄆㄛ)

Hanyu Pinyin reading of 桲

nonstandard spelling of pō
nonstandard spelling of pó
nonstandard spelling of pǒ
nonstandard spelling of pò

Usage notes

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Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Middle English

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Alternative forms

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pa, paa, paue, pe, poo, poue

Etymology

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Inherited from Old English pāwa, pēa, from Proto-Germanic *pāwô, from Latin pāvō. Influenced by the first element of Old Norse páfugl.

Pronunciation

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IPA(key): /ˈpɔː/, /ˈpau̯(ə)/, /ˈpɛː/
(Northern) IPA(key): /ˈpaː/

Noun

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po (plural poos)

peacock

Derived terms

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pecok

Descendants

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English: pea, po (archaic)

References

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“pō, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 10 October 2018.

Mokilese

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Noun

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shelf

Nupe

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Etymology

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Cognate to Gbiri-Niragu pobo.

Verb

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to burn, to roast

References

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R. Blench, The Benue-Congo languages
Samuel Crowther, A Grammar and Vocabulary of the Nupe Language (1864)

Old Czech

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *po.

Pronunciation

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IPA(key): (13th CE) /ˈpo/
IPA(key): (15th CE) /ˈpo/

Preposition

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for (for the purpose of) [with accusative or locative]
until; after [with accusative]
for the entire, all [with accusative]
during, in the period of [with accusative or genitive or locative]
for the Xth time [with accusative]
per, a piece [with accusative or locative]
after; because of [with dative or locative]
up to; towards [with dative]
to behind [with dative]
according to [with dative or locative]
in the manner of [with dative]
for (to what end) [with dative] (of a success or failure)
creates adverbs in conjunction with an adjective. [with dative]
denotes repeated action. [with dative]
on top of; on [with locative]
denotes general area as scene of action; around, about; along [with locative]
with, by way of [with locative]
behind [with locative]
after [with locative]
carried out by [with locative]
in the absence of [with locative]
through, by means of [with locative]
as to, with regard to [with locative]
denotes maximum amount; up to [with locative]
denotes price of something. [with locative]
more than [with locative]
for, for the benefit of [with locative]

Descendants

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Czech: po

References

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Jan Gebauer (1903–1916), “po”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

Old Polish

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Etymology

[edit] Etymology treeProto-Indo-European *h₂epóProto-Indo-European *h₂póProto-Balto-Slavic *paProto-Slavic *poOld Polish po

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *po. First attested in the 14th century.

Pronunciation

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IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /pɔ/
IPA(key): (15th CE) /pɔ/

Preposition

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denotes sequence in time; after [with locative] Synonym: pod
denotes general location; at, in, on [with locative or dative]
(more specifically) along [with locative]
denotes previous related person; after [with locative]
denotes next in a sequence of people; after [with locative]
denotes cause; after; because of [with locative]
according to, in accordance with [with locative]
denotes an instrument to an acction; with, by means of [with locative]
according to, based on [with locative]
denotes manner of the object; like, as [with locative]
denotes distribution; per [with locative or dative]
used in grammatical government; [with locative]
it indicates a spatial limit; up to [with accusative]
denotes a time when something takes place; during [with accusative or dative]
denotes the aim or purpose of an action; for [with accusative]
creates an adverb from the next noun; [with accusative]
with an ordinal number; denotes which time in a sequence; for the _ time [with accusative] Synonym: za
denotes the source or agent of an action; [with dative]
denotes the distribution of the counted items; [with dative or accusative or locative]

Derived terms

[edit] prefix

Descendants

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Polish: po
Silesian: po

References

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B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “po”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Paraguayan Guarani

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Pronunciation

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IPA(key): /po/

Etymology 1

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Guarani Wikipedia has an article on:po (tete)Wikipedia gn

Guarani Wikipedia has an article on:poWikipedia gn

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *po, from Proto-Tupian *po.[1]

Cognate with Old Tupi pó.

Noun

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po (plural pokuéra)

hand

Numeral

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five

Etymology 2

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Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *por, from Proto-Tupian *pot.[2]

Cognate with Old Tupi por.

Verb

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jump

References

[edit]

^ Nikulin, Andrey (2020), Proto-Macro-Jê: um estudo reconstrutivo [Proto-Macro-Jê: a reconstructive study]‎[2] (in Portuguese), Brasília: UnB, pages 566–567
^ Corrêa da Silva, Beatriz Carretta (2010), Mawé/Awetí/Tupí-Guaraní: relações linguísticas e implicações históricas [Mawé/Awetí/Tupí-Guaraní: linguistic relations and historical implications]‎[3] (in Portuguese), Brasília: UnB

Polish

[edit]

Etymology

[edit] Etymology treeProto-Indo-European *h₂epóProto-Indo-European *h₂póProto-Balto-Slavic *paProto-Slavic *poOld Polish poPolish po

Inherited from Old Polish po.

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA(key): /ˈpɔ/

(Middle Polish) IPA(key): /ˈpɔ/

Audio 1: (file)
Audio 2: (file)
Audio 3: (file)
Rhymes: -ɔ
Syllabification: po

Preposition

[edit]

after (later in time or sequence) [with locative] W piątki po pracy często chodzimy do pubu. ― On Fridays after work we often go to the pub. Cały dzień czyta książkę po książce o polityce. ― All day long he reads book after book about politics.
after (in pursuit of) [with accusative] Jadą po nas! Zmykajcie! ― They're coming after us! Scram!
around, about [with locative] Mój brat spędził miesiąc podróżując po Polsce. ― My brother spent a month travelling around Poland.
past [with locative] Wykłady zaczynają się o kwadrans po ósmej. ― Lectures begin at quarter past eight.
on [with locative] Kobiety siedzą po prawej stronie, a mężczyźni po lewej. ― Women sit on the right hand, and men on the left.
for indicates that a container was previously used for something [with locative] Co zrobić ze słoikiem po dżemie? ― What can I do with an empty jam jar?
from [with locative] Tę całą biżuterię odziedziczyłam po matce. ― I inherited all this jewellery from my mother. Od razu rozpoznałem go po grzmiącym głosie. ― I instantly recognised him from the booming voice.
after (in allusion to), for [with locative] Nazwaliśmy naszego syna po zmarłym wujku. ― We named our son after his late uncle.
done for (doomed) [with locative] Jest już po tobie, brachu. ― You're done for, bro.
for (in order to obtain) [with accusative] Musimy pójść do sklepu po mleko. ― We have to go to the shop for milk.
up to, as far as [with accusative] Woda w piwnicy była po kolana. ― The water in the cellar was up to our knees.
in, for, at denotes a quantity of something [with accusative] Mam trzy zgrzewki po sześć puszek, czyli osiemnaście puszek. ― I have three multipacks of six cans, i.e. eighteen cans. Kupiłem te bilety po 20 złotych, a oferuję je po 10. ― I bought these tickets for 20 złoty each, but I'm offering them for 10.
according to, in the way of, a la, as [with dative] Jego ulubioną potrawą jest karkówka po cygańsku. ― His favourite dish is gypsy pork. Lubię ją, ale tylko po przyjacielsku. ― I like her, but only as a friend.
in (the language of) [with dative] Świetnie mówisz po polsku jak na cudzoziemca. ― You speak great Polish for a foreigner. Nie umiem pisać po chińsku. ― I don't know how to write in Chinese.

Usage notes

[edit]

In the dative, adjectives (formed from nouns) that end in -cki, -dzki, -ski for the lemma take the archaic suffixes -cku, -dzku, -sku instead of the usual -ckiemu, -dzkiemu, -skiemu when used with this preposition; therefore, po łucku, po grodzku, po kowalsku, but po cywilnemu, po macoszemu, po staremu.[1]

Derived terms

[edit]

aż po
po angielsku
po bożemu
po co
po czym
po drodze
po drugie
po kryjomu
po mojemu
po pierwsze
po polsku
po prostu
po trzecie

Conjunction

[edit]

like
when

Trivia

[edit]

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), po is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 282 times in scientific texts, 293 times in news, 195 times in essays, 552 times in fiction, and 406 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 1728 times, making it the 24th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[2]

References

[edit]

^ “Formy potencjalne”, in Koalar‎[4] (in Polish), 2006–2017, archived from the original on 19 April 2019
^ Ida Kurcz (1990), “po”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language]‎[5] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków; Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 377

Portuguese

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Contraction of para +‎ o.

Pronunciation

[edit]

(Brazil) IPA(key): /pu/

(Brazil) IPA(key): /pu/
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /po/

(Portugal) IPA(key): /pu/

This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

Hyphenation: po

Contraction

[edit]

po m sg (masculine plural pos, feminine singular pa, feminine plural pas)

(colloquial) nonstandard form of pro

Rapa Nui

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

night

Samoan

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

night

Sardinian

[edit]

Alternative forms

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Latin pro.

Preposition

[edit]

(Campidanese) for

Senggi

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

water

References

[edit]

Cornelis L. Voorhoeve, Languages of Irian Jaya Checklist (1975, Canberra: Pacific Linguistics), page 113

Serbo-Croatian

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]

From pol, from Proto-Slavic *polъ. See po-.

Alternative forms

[edit]

pȏl

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA(key): /pôː/

Adverb

[edit]

pȏ (Cyrillic spelling по̑)

(Bosnia, Serbia) half sat i po ― hour and a half četiri i po ― four thirty čov(j)ek i po ― an excellent man

Etymology 2

[edit]

From Proto-Slavic *po, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂(e)po.

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA(key): /pô/

Preposition

[edit]

pȍ (Cyrillic spelling по̏)

for [with accusative] otići po ml(ij)eko ― to go and get the milk po c(ij)eli dan ― all day long po šesti put ― for the sixth time biti štetan po nekoga/nešto ― to be harmful for sb/sth dobro/loše po njega ― good/bad for him
over, through, across, in, on [with locative] udariti po glavi ― to hit on the head sn(ij)eg je pao po cesti ― snow fell on the road voda se prolila po podu ― water spilled over the floor šetati po šumi ― to walk in the woods
by, with, through (using an intermediary or medium) [with locative] Poslao sam mu paket po zajedničkom prijatelju. ― I've sent him a package via a mutual friend. po zraku/vodi ― by air/water
by, according to [with locative] sve ide po planu ― everything is going according to the plan Amerika je prva država po bogatstvu u sv(ij)etu. ― America is the richest country in the world. po glavi stanovnika ― per capita živ(j)eti po principima ― to live according to principles po mom(e) mišljenju ― in my opinion po mom računu ― by my reckoning po meni ― in my opinion; as far as I'm concerned svirati po sluhu ― to play by ear suditi po vanjštini ― to judge by appearance
after [with locative] po svršetku sukoba ― after (the end of) the conflict
during [with locative] po kiši/suncu ― in the rain/sun po danu ― during the day
in miscellaneous senses in various phrasal constructs [with locative] razum(ij)e se (samo) po sebi ― it goes without saying neka bude po tvome ― let it be your way jednak po veličini ― equal in size sve je po starom ― everything is/goes in the accustomed/usual manner po običaju ― as usual, according to custom po vr(ij)ednosti ― in value po svoj prilici ― in all likelihood po rodu ― by birth po naravi/prirodi ― in nature po toj c(ij)eni ― at this price po paragrafu 13 ― under section 13 po što po to ― by all means po mogućnosti ― if possible po redu ― in order, one after another po mom ukusu ― (according) to my taste po kvaliteti ― by quality po tome ― according to this/that, accordingly, consequently, then po zakonu ― according to the law, by the law po duljini ― lengthwise

Etymology 3

[edit]

Particle

[edit]

po (Cyrillic spelling по)

denoting distribution and succession; by, per, each, apiece [with accusative or nominative] Popili smo svi po čašicu rakije. ― We all drank a glass of rakija each. korak po korak ― step by step jedan po jedan ― one by one triput po satu ― three times per hour Svi smo dobili po jabuku. ― Each of us received an apple.

References

[edit]

“po”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026
“po”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026

Silesian

[edit]

Alternative forms

[edit]

pō (before nasals)

Etymology

[edit] Etymology treeProto-Indo-European *h₂epóProto-Indo-European *h₂póProto-Balto-Slavic *paProto-Slavic *poOld Polish poSilesian po

Inherited from Old Polish po.

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA(key): /ˈpɔ/
Audio: (file)
Rhymes: -ɔ
Syllabification: po

Preposition

[edit]

denotes general location about, around; along [with locative] Synonym: na Antonyms: nad, pod
after [with locative] Antonym: przed
denotes point in space on [with locative] Synonym: z
dith certain verbs of speaking; denotes recipient of a message. [with locative] Synonym: na
denotes maximum amount; up to [with accusative or locative] Synonym: z
dreates an adverb from an adjective. [with dative] (archaic dative ending in -u)
denotes aim of an action; for [with locative]
for indicates that a container was previously used for something [with locative]
denotes characteristic by which one might recognize something; from [with locative]
denotes absence of something or something; after [with accusative]
denotes possessor. [with locative]

Related terms

[edit] prefix

Slovak

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *po.

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA(key): /pɔ/, [ˈpɔ]
Rhymes: -ɔ

Preposition

[edit]

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Slovene

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Proto-Slavic *po.

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA(key): /pɔ/

Preposition

[edit]

around, about [with locative]
along, through (the length of) [with locative]
according to
in the manner of [with accusative]
This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Spanish

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From pues.

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA(key): /ˈpo/ [ˈpo]
Rhymes: -o
Syllabification: po

Interjection

[edit]

(Andalusia) emphatic, well Synonym: pues Po yo pensaba que no. ― Well, I didn't think so. Po sí ― Yes.
(colloquial, Chile) emphatic Synonym: pues ¡Sí po! ― Yes, of course! ¡Ya, po! ― Come on!

Usage notes

[edit]

Always used at the end of a sentence.

Swahili

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

Audio (Kenya): (file)

Verb

[edit]

-po

present stem of -wapo (“to be (at a definite place)”) tupo ― we are (there)

Tagalog

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *puəq. Compare Malay empu, Indonesian empu, Old Javanese mpu. Also possibly from clipping of poon (“lord”).

Pronunciation

[edit]

(Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈpoʔ/ [ˈpoʔ]
Rhymes: -oʔ
Syllabification: po

Particle

[edit]

pô (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜓ)

marks respect toward the person the speaker is addressing Synonyms: (familiar) ho, (dialectal, emphatic) puko Tuloy po kayo. ― Come on in, Sir/Ma'am. Pupunta po ako sa simbahan, Inay. ― I am going to church, Mother.

Usage notes

[edit]

The word does not appear at a beginning of a sentence unless used alone.
In standard Tagalog, the word po is more formal and polite than ho. In other dialects, this is not observed and has no difference.
Old dictionaries indicate that puko was used by women before while po was used by men.

Derived terms

[edit]

magpo
mapagpo
pi

Related terms

[edit]

ipamupo
mamupo
mapamupo
mapupuin
opo
pamupuan
pamupuin
papamupuin
papupo
puko
pupo
pupuin
walang-pupo

Tapachultec

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Lehmann considers the possibility of a connection to Zoque words for "white" (poopo).

Noun

[edit]

moon

Usage notes

[edit]

This is the form Lehmann says is given in the Sapper-Ricke wordlists; the form given in Johnston's vocabulary is poot.

References

[edit]

Walter Lehmann, Über die Stellung und Verwandtschaft der Subtiaba-Sprache der pazifischen Küste Nicaraguas und über die Sprache von Tapachula in Südchiapas (1915), Zeitschrift für Ethnologie 47, presenting the wordlists of Karl Sapper, Ricke, and Amado Johnston.

Tewa

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

póː (high tone)

moon

Noun

[edit]

pòː (low tone)

water

Noun

[edit]

pǒː (gliding tone)

trail, road

References

[edit]

Marianne Mithun, The Languages of Native North America
John Peabody Harrington, The Ethnogeography of the Tewa Indians
My Life in San Juan Pueblo: Stories of Esther Martinez (uses the spelling pˀoe, and mentions a fourth meaning, "pumpkin, squash")

Tocharian B

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Proto-Tocharian [Term?] (whence also Tocharian A puk). Possibly related to Ancient Greek πᾶς (pâs). (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Adjective

[edit]

entire, whole

Determiner

[edit]

each, every, all

Inflection

[edit]

(masc. nom. pl.): poñc

Derived terms

[edit]

olyapo (“more, rather than”) (olya + po)

Umotína

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

water

References

[edit]

Mônica Cidele da Cruz, Povo Umutína : a busca da identidade linguística e cultural [Les Umutína : À la recherche d’une identité linguistique et culturelle], Université Unicamp / Campinas, 2012, page 40

Volapük

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Borrowed from Latin post (“behind”).

Preposition

[edit]

behind Antonym: fo

Waris

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

water

References

[edit]

Bob Brown, Waris grammar sketch, 1990 (2012), page 29

Western Yugur

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Relate to Shor по, Khakas пу (pu) Tofa бо, Tuvan бо (bo), Karaim бу , Krymchak бу, Southern Altai бу (bu), Kyrgyz бул (bul), etc.

Pronoun

[edit]

this

White Hmong

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA(key): /pɒ˧/

Noun

[edit]

spleen

References

[edit]

John Duffy, Writing from These Roots: Literacy in a Hmong-American Community →ISBN, 2007)

Yoruba

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA(key): /k͡pò/

Verb

[edit]

pò

(transitive) to mix, to stir Má pò ó pọ̀ síbẹ̀. ― Don't mix it together yet.
(transitive) to beat, to whisk Bá mi po ẹyin. ― Help me beat the eggs.
(transitive) to knead
(transitive) to make warm drinks, baby food, or medicine. A gbọ́dọ̀ lo omi gbígbóná nígbà tí a bá fẹ́ po tíì. ― We must use hot water when we want to make tea.

Usage notes

[edit]

po when followed by a direct object.

Etymology 2

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA(key): /k͡pó/

Verb

[edit]

pó

to be too small awó dára lẹ́yẹ, ṣùgbọ́n orí pó o ― The guinea fowl is a beautiful bird, but its head is too small.

Tag » What Does Po Mean In Tagalog

Po - Wiktionary

English

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Etymology 2

Noun

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

Etymology 3

Noun

Alternative forms

Related terms

Etymology 4

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Adjective

Related terms

See also

Anagrams

Akan

Pronunciation

Verb

References

Albanian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Particle

References

Amondawa

Verb

References

Ao

Etymology

Noun

Further reading

Asaro'o

Alternative forms

Noun

Further reading

Balkan Romani

Etymology

Particle

References

Borôro

Noun

References

Central Bikol

Etymology

Pronunciation

Particle

Chickasaw

Pronoun

Chinese

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Noun

Derived terms

Cornish

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Conjunction

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Contraction

Czech

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Declension

Etymology 2

Preposition

Preposition

Further reading

Dutch

Etymology

Pronunciation