R To P - VassarStats

Given
r, the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient for a sample of paired XY values randomly drawn from a certain population; and
N, the number of XY pairs
If the true correlation between X and Y within the population is zero, and if N ≥ 6, then the quantity
t = r [(1−r2)/(N−2)]
is distributed approximately as the sampling distribution of Student’s t with df = N−2. Application of this formula to any particular observed sample value of r will accordingly test the null hypothesis that the observed value comes from a population in which the true correlation of X and Y is zero.

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