Reference Angle - Math Open Reference

Math Open Reference Home Contact About Subject Index Reference angle Definition: The smallest angle that the terminal side of a given angle makes with the x-axis. Try this: Adjust the angle below by dragging the orange point around the origin, and note the blue reference angle.

In the figure above, as you drag the orange point around the origin, you can see the blue reference angle being drawn. It is the angle between the terminal side and the x axis. As the point moves into each quadrant we are in, the reference angle is always made positive. Drag the point clockwise to make negative angles, and note how the reference angle remains positive.

It is always

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