SOLVED: 1) How Are Hydrogens Removed From Polyprotic Acids? A ...

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1) How are hydrogens removed from polyprotic acids? a. How does this relate to the Ka of these same species? b. What is the relationship between Ka and Kb values? (How can you determine Ka knowing Kb?) 1) How are hydrogens removed from polyprotic acids? a. How does this relate to the Ka of these same species? b. What is the relationship between Ka and Kb values? (How can you determine Ka knowing Kb?)

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Chemistry: Structure and Properties Nivaldo Tro 2nd Edition

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Polyprotic acids are capable of donating more than one proton per molecule in different steps. For example, sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is a diprotic acid which can lose two protons to form the bisulfate anion (HSO4-) and then the sulfate anion (SO4^2-). Each step of Show more…

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Transcript

00:01 Okay, so essentially we have a couple questions about polyproic acids. 00:06 How do they, how do we use protons, how does k -a relate to it, and how do we find the kb from these? and so i chose a wasphoric acid here, which is a tripodic acid. 00:19 Polyprotic means more than one proton, and this one, in this case has three, so it's a tripodic acid. 00:23 And so all three h's can be locked. 00:31 So there are three steps in which this reacts. 00:35 And so i'm going to draw those steps out. 00:39 And they're all going to be an equilibrium based on the conditions of the solution. 00:43 And so any polyprogate acid is going to be losing its hs in a stepwise manner. 00:53 So we're going to go from h3po4 to h2p04 minus. 00:57 We lost 1h plus. 00:59 I'll draw that down here. 01:01 It kind of shoots off. 01:03 I'm drawn it let vertically here to kind of clean up the species you really care about. 01:09 Just know that a proton comes off in solution with each one of these steps here. 01:15 Well, we still have two protons here, and so we can lose another one, and it becomes h .p .o4 -2 minus. 01:24 So for every proton we lose to the solution, we gain a negative charge on the molecule. 01:32 And we still have a proton, so we can turn this completely to phosphate, just p .043 minus by generating another proton. 01:41 You can see with each one of the steps, going from h3po4 all the way to phosphate means we lost three protons in the process. 01:50 And so this is kind of how any polyprotic acid is going to lose its protons. 01:56 It will always be a stepwise manner and so on. 01:59 And it's really easy with inorganics like this. 02:02 It doesn't really matter which proton we take. 02:03 Because we're looking at phosphate. 02:13 In this case, this is phosphate. 02:15 It doesn't really matter which proton we cut off first. 02:18 These are all going to be equivalent, more or less. 02:22 There are inorganic acids, or organic acids, where definitely amino acids and whatnot, where it does matter which one you pull off first. 02:32 But that's kind of beyond the scope of inorganics and something you'll see at lower level chemistries. 02:43 So how do we measure when these come off? and that's where the kas come in. 02:49 So there's going to be ka1, k2, and ka3. 02:54 And so each one of these has their own ka associated with it that measures the extent when that dissociation happens, or under what conditions those happen. 03:12 And so usually these various thick ones, the first protons are easier to lose than the later protons. 03:31 And by easier i mean more acidic. 03:36 So under more acidic conditions, they'll come off. 03:41 And so for phosphate, the specific points of what these happen. 03:45 I'm going to write the pkk here. 03:49 I actually have the ks. 03:50 7 .5 times 10 to the negative 3. 03:56 So that's the k .a. 03:57 And the pkk is 2 .14... Need help? Use Ace Ace is your personal tutor. It breaks down any question with clear steps so you can learn. Start Using Ace Ace is your personal tutor for learning Step-by-step explanations Instant summaries Summarize YouTube videos Understand textbook images or PDFs Study tools like quizzes and flashcards Listen to your notes as a podcast

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