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Daily Sun: 20 Feb 26

Spotless Days Current Stretch: 0 days 2026 total: 0 days (0%) 2025 total: 0 days (0%) 2024 total: 0 days (0%) 2023 total: 0 days (0%) 2022 total: 1 day (<1%) 2021 total: 64 days (18%) 2020 total: 208 days (57%) 2019 total: 281 days (77%) 2018 total: 221 days (61%) 2017 total: 104 days (28%) 2016 total: 32 days (9%) 2015 total: 0 days (0%) 2014 total: 1 day (<1%) 2013 total: 0 days (0%) 2012 total: 0 days (0%) 2011 total: 2 days (<1%) 2010 total: 51 days (14%) 2009 total: 260 days (71%) 2008 total: 268 days (73%) 2007 total: 152 days (42%) 2006 total: 70 days (19%) Updated 20 Feb 2026Thermosphere Climate Index today: 21.47x1010 W Warm Max: 49.4x1010 W Hot (10/1957) Min: 2.05x1010 W Cold (02/2009) explanation | more data: gfx, txt Updated 20 Feb 2026

The Radio Sun 10.7 cm flux: 119 sfu explanation | more data Updated 19 Feb 2026

Cosmic Rays Solar Cycle 25 is near its peak, and this is reflected in the number of cosmic rays entering Earth's atmosphere. Neutron counts from the University of Oulu's Sodankyla Geophysical Observatory show that cosmic rays reaching Earth are slowly declining--a result of the yin-yang relationship between the solar cycle and cosmic rays. Oulu Neutron Counts Percentages of the Space Age average: today: -8.3% Low 48-hr change: -0.2% Max: +11.7% Very High (12/2009) Min: -32.1% Very Low (06/1991) explanation |more data Updated 19 Feb 2026 @ 0700 UT

SPACE WEATHER NOAA Forecasts

This is an AI Free Zone: Text created by Large Language Models is spreading across the Internet. It's well-written, but frequently inaccurate. If you find a mistake on Spaceweather.com, rest assured it was made by a real human being.

MARTIAN SUNSPOTS: Almost no sunspots are facing Earth. However, several big ones are facing Mars. Today's sun photo from Mars rover Perseverance shows multiple sunspot groups including old friend AR4366, which unleashed six X-flares in early February. These Martian sunspots will turn to face Earth next week. Solar flare alerts: SMS Text

THESE ARE NOT AURORAS: Montana is a good place to see auroras, so on Feb 17th when Jane Horton of Helena MT saw towering lights in the night sky, she naturally wondered. "Are these auroras?" Not exactly:

These are light pillars caused by city lights shining into freezing air. Ice crystals catch the rays of urban bulbs and spread them into luminous vertical columns. Light pillars are a common sight in northern cities during winter.

"At the time, the air temperature was 12 degrees Fahrenheit and dropping," she says."The pillars were very bright white, and lasted for about an hour."

Light pillars can resemble auroras, but they have nothing to do with solar flares or CMEs. The only ingredients are ice and light pollution.

Realtime Space Weather Photo Gallery Free: Spaceweather.com Newsletter

PLANETS PASSING IN THE NIGHT: On Feb. 18th, the whisker-thin crescent Moon had a rare close encounter with Mercury in the sunset sky. Augusto Gallardo Quesada photographed the conjunction from Gibara, Holguín, Cuba:

"The clear sky at sunset treated us to a great view," says Quesada. "The thin crescent Moon appeared very close to the planet Mercury, shining together in the twilight. It was a night to remember."

Shortly after Quesada took the picture, Mercury vanished. It passed behind the dark limb of the Moon and remained invisible for more than half an hour. This "lunar occultation" was also photographed across 10 southern US states and Mexico.

more images: from Andres Páez Joannis of Chihuahua, Mexico; from Fabrizio Melandri of Sallisaw, Oklahoma; from John Ashley of Rio Rico, Arizona; from Aldo Agustin Paredes Romero of Mexico City, Mexico; from Dr. Gilbert Plumer of Rockledge, Florida; from Bob Beal of St. George, Utah

Realtime Space Weather Photo Gallery Free: Spaceweather.com Newsletter

THE COSMIC CROWBAR: No toolkit is complete without one: A crowbar from space! On Dec. 24, 2025, the Cosmic Crowbar hitched a ride to the stratosphere onboard a cosmic ray research balloon. At the apex of the flight, it floated 112,222 feet above central California:

You can have it for $97.95. This 15-inch steel bar is light enough to fly on a balloon, yet strong enough to pull out nails and pry apart old carpentry. Bright red paint makes it hard to misplace, while the ends are unpainted to avoid marking work surfaces.

The Cosmic Crowbar comes with a card showing the tool floating at the top of Earth's atmosphere. The interior of the card tells the story of the flight and confirms that this gift has been to the edge of space and back again.

Far Out Gifts: Earth to Sky Store All sales support hands-on STEM education

Realtime Aurora Photo Gallery Free: Spaceweather.com Newsletter

On Feb. 19 2026, the network reported 5 fireballs. (5 sporadics)

In this diagram of the inner solar system, all of the fireball orbits intersect at a single point--Earth. The orbits are color-coded by velocity, from slow (red) to fast (blue). [Larger image] [movies]

SPACE WEATHER BALLOON DATA: Almost once a week, Spaceweather.com and the students of Earth to Sky Calculus fly space weather balloons to the stratosphere over California. These balloons are equipped with sensors that detect secondary cosmic rays, a form of radiation from space that can penetrate all the way down to Earth's surface. Our monitoring program has been underway without interruption for 10 years, resulting in a unique dataset of in situ atmospheric measurements.

Latest results (Nov. 2024): Atmospheric radiation is sharply decreasing in 2024. Our latest measurements in November registered a 10-year low:

What's going on? Ironically, the radiation drop is caused by increasing solar activity. Solar Cycle 25 has roared to life faster than forecasters expected. The sun's strengthening and increasingly tangled magnetic field repels cosmic rays from deep space. In addition, solar coronal mass ejections (CMEs) sweep aside cosmic rays, causing sharp reductions called "Forbush Decreases." The two effects blend together to bring daily radiation levels down.

.Who cares? Cosmic rays are a surprisingly "down to Earth" form of space weather. They can alter the chemistry of the atmosphere, trigger lightning, and penetrate commercial airplanes. According to a study from the Harvard T.H. Chan school of public health, crews of aircraft have higher rates of cancer than the general population. The researchers listed cosmic rays, irregular sleep habits, and chemical contaminants as leading risk factors. A number of controversial studies (#1, #2, #3, #4) go even further, linking cosmic rays with cardiac arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death.

Technical notes: The radiation sensors onboard our helium balloons detect X-rays and gamma-rays in the energy range 10 keV to 20 MeV. These energies span the range of medical X-ray machines and airport security scanners.

Data points in the graph labeled "Stratospheric Radiation" correspond to the peak of the Regener-Pfotzer maximum, which lies about 67,000 feet above central California. When cosmic rays crash into Earth's atmosphere, they produce a spray of secondary particles that is most intense at the entrance to the stratosphere. Physicists Eric Regener and Georg Pfotzer discovered the maximum using balloons in the 1930s and it is what we are measuring today.

NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center

Atmospheric Optics

Solar Dynamics Observatory

STEREO

Solar and Heliospheric Observatory

SolarMonitor.org

Starlink Satellite Statistics

The Aerospace Corporation

Daily Sunspot Summaries

NOAA 27-Day Space Weather Forecasts

Aurora 30 min forecast

Live Aurora Webcam

Heliophysics

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To get the best views of the cosmos, check out the Phoenix Window Glass Replacement experts for all your window and glass needs

Got a chipped or cracked windshield that prevents you from seeing space weather events while driving? Get windshield replacement from SR Windows & Glass with free mobile auto glass service anywhere in the Phoenix area.

NASA Near Earth Asteroid Home Page

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