Subjunctive – Past Or Imperfect - Spanish Grammar In Context

• Adjectives
  • Introduction to Adjectives
  • Adjectives – Formation and Placement
  • Comparisons and Superlatives with Adjectives
  • Past Participles as Adjectives
  • Todo
  • Indefinite Adjectives
  • Adjectives Practice
• Adverbs
  • Introduction to Adverbs
  • Adverbs – Formation and Placement
  • Comparative Adverbs
  • Adverbs Practice
• Conjunctions
  • Introduction to Conjunctions
  • Coordinating Conjunctions
  • Subordinating Conjunctions
  • Conjunctions Practice
• Determiners
  • Introduction to Determiners
  • Definite Articles
  • Indefinite Articles
  • Possessive Determiners
  • Demonstrative Determiners
  • Expressions of Quantity
  • Determiners Practice
• Negation
  • Introduction to Negation
  • Basic Negation: No
  • Alternate Forms of Negation
  • One-word Negative Sentences
  • Negation Practice
• Nouns
  • Introduction to Nouns
  • Nouns – Number
  • Nouns – Gender
  • Nouns Practice
• Prepositions
  • Introduction to Prepositions
  • Common Prepositions
  • Por vs. Para
  • Prepositions Practice
• Pronouns
  • Introduction to Pronouns
  • Subject Pronouns
  • Direct Object Pronouns
  • Indirect Object Pronouns
  • Reflexive Pronouns
  • Order of Object Pronouns
  • Relative Pronouns
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  • Pronouns Practice
• Verbs
  • Introduction to Verbs
  • Tense/Mood
  • Introduction to Present Tense
    • -ar Verbs (Regular) Present Tense
    • -er Verbs (Regular) Present Tense
    • -ir Verbs (Regular) Present Tense
  • Ser “To Be”
  • Haber “To Have”
  • Reflexive Verbs
  • Preterit
  • Present Perfect
  • Imperfect
  • Narration: Preterit vs. Imperfect
  • Pluperfect
  • Future
  • Conditional
  • Past Conditional
  • Imperative Mood (commands)
  • Introduction to Subjunctive
    • Subjunctive – Present
    • Subjunctive – Past or Imperfect
    • Subjunctive – Present Perfect
    • Subjunctive – Pluperfect
    • Tense Sequences
  • Si Clauses (If Clauses)
  • Indirect Speech
    • Indirect Speech – Present
    • Indirect Speech – Past
  • Passive Voice
  • Language Contact
  • Verbs Practice

Practice quizzes: verbs

Regular –ar verbs:

hablar  to speak
yo hablara	nosotros/as habláramos
tú hablaras
él/ella/usted hablara	ellos/as/ustedes hablaran

Regular –er and –ir verbs:

comer  to eat
yo comiera	nosotros/as comiéramos
tú comieras
él/ella/usted comiera	ellos/as/ustedes comieran

The past subjunctive (subjuntivo pasado) or imperfect subjunctive (imperfecto subjuntivo) is formed using as a stem the preterit of the third person plural ellos dropping ending –on and adding the past subjunctive endings as in the tables above.

En ese momento llegó uno de mis hermanos mayores y evitó que él… pues pasara un accidente. In that moment one of my elder brothers arrived and he avoided that he… well that an accident happened.

Some verbs are irregular in the past subjunctive:

• Ser: fuera, fueras, fuera, fuéramos, fueran.
• Ir:  fuera, fueras, fuera, fuéramos, fueran.
• Dormir: durmiera, durmieras, durmiera, durmiéramos, durmieran.

Y no más celebramos ese día casi como si fuera una pre-Navidad. And we just celebrate that day almost as it is a pre-Christmas day.

Uses

The past subjunctive is usually introduced by the same kinds of clauses that introduce the present subjunctive. The past subjunctive indicates a simultaneous action or a future action in relation to a main clause in the past tense.

Prendían… este lumbre para que los nogales, no se congelara la fruta. They turned on… this lamp so that the walnut trees, the fruit did not get frozen.

The past subjunctive is also used in some hypothetical clauses with si (if) along with the conditional.

Si estudiaras más, sacarías mejores notas.If you studied more, you would get better grades.

For more details about hypothetical clauses see also the page about si clauses.

For more uses of this tense see also the page about tense sequences.

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