Surround - Wiktionary

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• 1 English Toggle English subsection
  • 1.1 Etymology
  • 1.2 Pronunciation
  • 1.3 Verb
    • 1.3.1 Synonyms
    • 1.3.2 Derived terms
    • 1.3.3 Translations
  • 1.4 Noun
    • 1.4.1 Derived terms
  • 1.5 References

• Entry
• Discussion

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English

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Etymology

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From Middle English sourrounden (“to submerge, overflow”), from Middle French souronder, suronder, from Late Latin superundō, from super + undō (“to rise in waves”), from unda (“wave”).

Pronunciation

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• IPA(key): /səˈɹaʊnd/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aʊnd
• Hyphenation: sur‧round

Verb

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surround (third-person singular simple present surrounds, present participle surrounding, simple past and past participle surrounded)

1. (transitive) To encircle something or simultaneously extend in all directions.
   • 1944, Miles Burton, chapter 5, in The Three Corpse Trick:The hovel stood in the centre of what had once been a vegetable garden, but was now a patch of rank weeds. Surrounding this, almost like a zareba, was an irregular ring of gorse and brambles, an unclaimed vestige of the original common.
   • 1944 November and December, A Former Pupil, “Some Memories of Crewe Works—II”, in Railway Magazine, page 342:It took a long time for the place to warm up and to counteract the cold and enable their fingers to cope with the delicate task of moulding, the men would often surround themselves with blocks of iron heated in the furnace.
   • 1963, Margery Allingham, “Miss Thyrza’s Chair”, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC, page 41:Sepia Delft tiles surrounded the fireplace, their crudely drawn Biblical scenes in faded cyclamen blending with the pinkish pine, while above them, instead of a mantelshelf, there was an archway high enough to form a balcony with slender balusters and a tapestry-hung wall behind.
   • 2005, Plato, translated by Lesley Brown, Sophist, page 230c:and this way they get rid of those grand and stubborn opinions that surround them.
   • 2018 November 8, Dr. Melina Jampolis, “The real science behind fascia ailments”, in CNN‎[1]:The superficial fascia surrounds the body and includes subcutaneous fat; the deep fascia surrounds the musculoskeletal system; the meningeal fascia surrounds the nervous system; the visceral fascia surrounds body cavities and organs.
2. (transitive) To enclose or confine something on all sides so as to prevent escape. The lions surrounded the deer herd so they had no way to escape. They surrounded each other in the classroom and started trading hits.
3. (transitive, obsolete) To pass around; to travel about; to circumnavigate. to surround the world
   • 1650, Thomas Fuller, “The Description of the Tribe of Benjamin”, in A Pisgah-sight of Palestine and the Confines thereof, with the History of the Old and New Testament Acted thereon, London: […] J. F. for John Williams […], →OCLC, book II, paragraph 16, pages 247–248:Unfitting it vvas, that the body of that vvorthy Patriarch [Joseph] (to vvhom all the land belonged by promiſe) ſhould ſteale into that Countrey in a clandeſtine vvay, and privately enter in at the poſtern door, rather let it ſolemnly ſurround the Countrey, and be brought in at the broad gates. Thus the corps of men of quality, though the Chancell-door be nearer, are borne through the porch and middle-alley to the place of their interment.

Synonyms

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• environ, embed, ensphere (literary)

The terms below need to be checked and allocated to the definitions (senses) of the headword above. Each term should appear in the sense for which it is appropriate. For synonyms and antonyms you may use the templates {{syn|en|...}} or {{ant|en|...}}.

• bebay
• beset

Derived terms

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• surround and drown
• surrounder

Translations

[edit] surround, fence in — see enclose to encircle something or simultaneously extend in all directions — see also encircle,‎ beset,‎ besiege

Arabic: أَحَاطَ (ʔaḥāṭa), حَفَّ (ḥaffa), طَوَّقَ (ṭawwaqa), Armenian: շրջապատել (hy) (šrǰapatel) Assamese: বেৰ (ber), আগুৰ (agur) Asturian: arredolar Azerbaijani: əhatə etmək, əhatələmək (az), əhatəyə almaq, dövrələmək, dövrəyə almaq Bulgarian: обкръжавам (bg) (obkrǎžavam) Catalan: circumdar (ca), rodejar (ca), envoltar (ca), voltar (ca) Chinese: Mandarin: 包圍 / 包围 (zh) (bāowéi), 圍繞 / 围绕 (zh) (wéirào) Czech: obklopit (cs), obehnat Dutch: omgeven (nl), omringen (nl), omcirkelen (nl), omsingelen (nl), insluiten (nl) Esperanto: ĉirkaŭi (eo) Estonian: ümbritsema (et) Finnish: ympäröidä (fi) French: entourer (fr) Frisian: West Frisian: omjaan Georgian: გარშემორტყმა (garšemorṭq̇ma), გარშემოხვევა (garšemoxveva) German: umgeben (de), umringen (de) Gothic: 𐌱𐌹𐍃𐌰𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (bisatjan), 𐌱𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽 (biwaibjan) Greek: περικλείω (el) (perikleío), περιβάλλω (el) (perivállo), περιτριγυρίζω (el) (peritrigyrízo) Ancient Greek: κυκλόω (kuklóō) Hindi: घेरना (hi) (ghernā) Hungarian: körbevesz (hu) Icelandic: umkringja Ido: cirkondar (io) Irish: timpeallaigh Italian: circondare (it) Japanese: 囲む (ja) (kakomu), 取り巻く (ja) (torimaku) Latin: circumdō, circumeō, circueō, cingō Limburgish: ómgaeve (li) Macedonian: опкружува impf (opkružuva), опкружи pf (opkruži) Malayalam: ചുറ്റുക (ml) (cuṟṟuka), വളയുക (ml) (vaḷayuka) Māori: poti (mi), karapoti, karapoi, whakaawhi, pīhao, korohiko, korohikohiko, ponitaka Mari: Eastern Mari: авалаш (avalaš), аваш (avaš) Mongolian: тойруулах (tojruulax) Norwegian: Bokmål: omgi Nynorsk: omgi Occitan: enrodar (oc) Old English: ymbfaran, besellan Oromo: marsuu Polish: otaczać (pl) Portuguese: contornar (pt), cercar (pt) Quechua: kanchay Romanian: înconjura (ro) Russian: окружа́ть (ru) impf (okružátʹ), окружи́ть (ru) pf (okružítʹ) Sanskrit: वेवेष्टि (sa) (veveṣṭi) Scottish Gaelic: cuairtich Spanish: envolver (es), cercar (es), rodear (es), arrodear (es) Swedish: omge (sv) Thai: ล้อม (th) (lɔ́ɔm) Tocharian B: wārp-, wāl- Turkish: Ottoman Turkish: چنبرلمك (çemberlemek), صارمق (sarmak) Ukrainian: оточувати (otočuvaty), оточи́ти pf (otočýty) Walloon: retourer (wa), eclôre (wa) Welsh: amgylchu

to enclose to prevent escape

Armenian: շրջափակել (hy) (šrǰapʻakel) Bulgarian: обсаждам (bg) (obsaždam) Catalan: circumdar (ca), rodejar (ca), envoltar (ca), voltar (ca) Chinese: Mandarin: 包圍 / 包围 (zh) (bāowéi) Czech: obklíčit (cs) Danish: omringe Dutch: omringen (nl), omcirkelen (nl), omsluiten (nl), omsingelen (nl), insluiten (nl) Esperanto: please add this translation if you can Finnish: saartaa (fi), piirittää (fi) French: enceindre (fr) Galician: cercar, encerrar (gl) Georgian: ალყის შემორტყმა (alq̇is šemorṭq̇ma), გარშემორტყმა (garšemorṭq̇ma) German: umzingeln (de), umringen (de) Greek: περικυκλώνω (el) (perikyklóno) Hindi: घेरना (hi) (ghernā) Hungarian: bekerít (hu), körbevesz (hu) Italian: circondare (it), accerchiare (it), assediare (it) Japanese: 囲む (ja) (kakomu), 包囲する (ja) (hōi suru) Khmer: ចោម (km) (caom), ប្រចោម (km) (prɑcaom), ព័ទ្ធ (km) (poat), ឡោម (km) (laom) Māori: ponitaka Mongolian: please add this translation if you can Polish: otaczać (pl) Portuguese: cercar (pt) Russian: окружа́ть (ru) impf (okružátʹ), окружи́ть (ru) pf (okružítʹ) Scottish Gaelic: cuairtich Swedish: omringa (sv) Thai: โอบล้อม, ปิดล้อม (bpìt-lɔ́ɔm) Turkish: please add this translation if you can Vietnamese: bao vây (vi) Walloon: resserer (wa), reclôre (wa)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations. Translations to be checked

Korean: (please verify) 둘러싸다 (ko) (dulleossada) Kurdish: Central Kurdish: (please verify) دەوردانەوە (dewirdanewe) Old English: (please verify) bebūgan Swedish: (please verify) omringa (sv)

Noun

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surround (plural surrounds)

1. (British) Anything, such as a fence or border, that surrounds something.
   • 1972, Frederick Forsyth, The Odessa File, Viking, SBN 670-52042-x, chapter 15, page 283: He drifted through the room, avoiding the furniture by instinct, closed the door that led to the passage, and only then flicked on his flashlight. It swept around the room, picking out a desk, a telephone, a wall of bookshelves, and a deep armchair, and finally settled on a handsome fireplace with a large surround of red brick.

Derived terms

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• surround sound

References

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• “surround”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “surround”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

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