The Importance Of A Clean Evaporator Coil For Your AC [2022 ...

Table of Contents

• The Importance of Evaporator Coils
• Where is the Evaporator Coil Located?
  • ❄️ Performance and Effectiveness
• Cleaning Your Air Conditioner Coil.
  • ✅ Use a Brush
  • ✅ Use Compressed Air
  • ✅ Use Commercial Cleaners
  • ✅ Use Water and a Mild Detergent
  • ✅ Heavy Duty Cleaning
• 🛡️ Safety First: Essential Precautions for Cleaning AC Coils
• 🚫 Common Mistakes in Evaporator Coil Cleaning: What Not to Do!
  • Using Excessive Pressure
  • Neglecting to Protect Electrical Components
  • Using the Wrong Cleaning Products
  • Forgetting to Clean the Drain Pan
  • Cleaning Without Turning Off the System
• Bending Fins While Cleaning
• 🛠️ When to Call in the Pros
• Recommended Cleaning Frequency for AC Evaporator Coils
• What Happens When You Neglect Your AC Coils?
  • 🏠 DIY AC Coil Cleaning Pros and Cons
  • 🛠️ Professional AC Coil Cleaning
  • Cost Breakdown: DIY vs Professional HVAC Services
• 🌿 Clean Coils for a Greener Home
• 🛡️ Preventing Rapid Coil Buildup
• Final Thoughts on Maintaining Your Evaporator Coil

Like most people, you likely overlook components out of sight when performing annual maintenance service on your air conditioning system. One essential part often forgotten is the air conditioning unit’s evaporator coils. It might not be common knowledge, but when the air conditioner coils get very dirty, the system can become less efficient, resulting in eventual damage.

In similar cases, you’ll need the help of licensed heating professionals to guide you. According to energy.gov, having a clean evaporator coil is integral to maintaining your HVAC system. Ideally, you have a basic idea of how your air conditioner works and the critical role evaporator coils play to appreciate the importance of cleaning them.

The Importance of Evaporator Coils

The air conditioner’s evaporator coil’s primary function is to capture the heat from the air inside your home and transfer it outside via the condenser coil. Typically, central air conditioners consist of an evaporator coil located inside and a condenser coil located within the outdoor unit. Condenser coils (also known as fan coils) work by releasing the trapped heat into the air.

A Heat Pump also works the same in summer.

Typically, both the evaporator and condenser coils are made of copper. Several aluminum fins encase them to ensure heat transfer. Both coils can be found in different areas of the air conditioner system.

The importance of clean ac evaporator coils cannot be overstated, aside from providing the cooling needed to generate cold air. The evaporator coils also help in the HVAC system’s dehumidification process. As the coils become cooler, water condenses onto them and is removed from your home’s air. The water is collected in the drain pan while safely flowing away from the AC system through the unit’s drainage system.

Where is the Evaporator Coil Located?

The evaporator coil is situated inside the home, in the indoor air handler unit or air handler enclosure. The condenser coil is located in the system’s outdoor unit.

To get to it, you will have to remove the access panel.

The image below shows its location within the indoor air handling unit for most climate control setups in residential homes.

❄️ Performance and Effectiveness

Unfortunately, your air conditioner’s system performance and effectiveness dramatically reduce when you have dirty evaporator coils. Usually, the coils are damp from the dehumidification process, so pollen, dust, and other particles will stick to the coils.

However, if you have dirty air filters or there’s no air filter, the amount of contaminants that come in contact with the coil also increases significantly. With all the factors mentioned earlier coming into play, dust, and dirt can accumulate on the coils in just a short time. So, don’t forget to replace your filter regularly.

Other potential problems that can occur when the evaporator and condenser coils get dirty include:

• Increased system wear (might lead to malfunctions and damage)
• Possible ice buildup on the coil resulting in a frozen evaporator coil
• Possible frozen refrigerant lines
• Reduced cooling capacity
• Lowered heat transfer
• Higher operating pressure
• Higher energy consumption
• Higher temperature

When the coils are dirty, they can use up as much as 40% more energy than AC units with clean coils. Dirty coils can also reduce the AC unit’s cooling action by as much as 30%.

Left unattended, the AC unit will eventually become less efficient, and monthly utility bills will skyrocket. You must regularly check your evaporator coils and clean them as needed. At times, evaporator coils can collect debris and dirt quickly so that monthly cleaning may be needed. Typically, however, evaporator coils need to be cleaned every three months.

Without proper care and upkeep, you can spend money on air conditioner repair instead of maintenance.

Cleaning Your Air Conditioner Coil.

Top Tips on How to Clean Your Evaporator Coil

✅ Use a Brush

A brush can effectively remove light amounts of dirt from a dirty evaporator coil. Using a brush is also a great option since you are more in control of the pressure you will apply and the areas you are cleaning.

Using a brush also makes it very easy to sweep the dirt away. Brushing also allows you to scrub harder when needed.

When cleaning AC coils, opt for a soft-bristled brush or a specialized coil brush. Avoid wire brushes as they can damage the coils.

Use gentle, sweeping motions in the direction of the fins. To prevent bending, avoid brushing against the grain of the fins. Begin brushing from the top of the coil and work your way down. In this way, the dirt and debris will fall naturally.

✅ Use Compressed Air

If the buildup of dirt on the evaporator coil is not too heavy, compressed air will often suffice. It is also recommended that the compressed air be directed opposite the normal airflow across the evaporator coil.

Maintain a safe distance from the coils to avoid damaging the delicate fins. A good rule of thumb is to keep the nozzle at least 6 inches away from the coil surface.

Use short, controlled bursts rather than a continuous stream of air to prevent excessive pressure on any one area. For best results, work methodically from top to bottom and from one side to the other.

After using compressed air, it’s a good idea to follow up and use that soft brush we mentioned before to remove any loosened debris that didn’t blow away.

You must wear eye protection and use a shop vac when cleaning up the dirt and debris from an evaporator coil.

✅ Use Commercial Cleaners

When it comes to cleaners, you’d be delighted to know you have plenty of options available. Once you have chosen a brand, follow the manufacturer’s instructions.

Look for products specifically designed for HVAC coils. These cleaners are formulated to be effective yet gentle on the delicate components of your air conditioning unit. Some cleaners come in spray bottles, while others may require dilution before use.

We’d suggest protecting surrounding areas from overspray by covering them with plastic sheets or towels.

Also, allow the cleaner to sit and foam until the debris and the foam is drained away. Reapply as needed or according to instructions or until the coils are clean.

✅ Use Water and a Mild Detergent

If you don’t like using a commercial cleaner, you can try water and a mild detergent. Mix detergent with warm water and put the mixture in a garden sprayer or spray bottle.

A good ratio to start with is about 1 teaspoon of detergent per quart of warm water. Avoid using hot water, as it can potentially damage the coils or create excess steam in enclosed spaces.

Spray the solution onto the evaporator coils and let it soak for a few minutes to loosen debris and dirt. Use a soft cloth to wipe away any loosened debris. Reapply as many times as you deem fit.

Once you’ve finished cleaning, rinse the coils thoroughly with clean water. Use a spray bottle or a low-pressure hose to ensure all soap residue is removed. Leftover detergent can attract and hold dirt, potentially making future buildup worse.

Let the coils air dry completely before turning the system back on. You can use a fan to speed up the drying process.

✅ Heavy Duty Cleaning

Heavy-duty cleaning chemicals might be your best option if your evaporator coils are so dirty.

You will also need a pressure washer or steam cleaner for heavy-duty cleaning. Heavy-duty cleaning may also require more than a typical cleaning.

In other words, it can involve coil removal, cutting refrigerant lines, and reassembling everything afterward. So, heavy-duty cleaning is best left in the hands of a seasoned HVAC contractor.

They have the tools, knowledge, and experience to perform the job safely and effectively without risking damage or voiding warranties.

✋ PRO TIP: Use low pressure if you must use a pressure washer.

Using a high-pressure washer makes it very easy to damage a condenser coil. The fins work as heat sinks during the heat transfer and are easily bendable. A licensed HVAC contractor will know how to clean it correctly without causing further damage. 

If you accidentally bend a few fins, you can use a fin comb to straighten them out. Do more damage, and you will need a replacement coil, which can be expensive!

Depending on the cleaning method you choose, you’ll need different supplies and tools. Here’s a general list of items that may be useful:

Supplies:

• Protective gear: Safety glasses, gloves, and a dust mask
• Cleaning solutions: Commercial coil cleaner, mild detergent, or vinegar
• Water: For mixing solutions and rinsing
• Plastic sheets or drop cloths: To protect surrounding areas

Tools:

• Soft-bristled brush or specialized coil brush
• Spray bottle or garden sprayer
• Vacuum cleaner with soft brush attachment
• Fin comb (for straightening bent fins)
• Flashlight (for better visibility)
• Screwdriver (to remove access panels)
• Shop vac (for cleaning up debris and water)

🛡️ Safety First: Essential Precautions for Cleaning AC Coils

Before you start cleaning your AC coils, prioritize safety.

✅ Always turn off your AC system completely at the thermostat and circuit breaker before beginning any cleaning or maintenance.

✅ Wear safety glasses, gloves, and a dust mask to protect yourself from debris and cleaning solutions.

✅The area should be well-ventilated, especially when using chemical cleaners. Open windows if possible.

✅ Carefully read and follow all instructions on cleaning products. Never mix different cleaning solutions.

✅ Whether using a brush, compressed air, or water, apply gentle pressure to avoid damaging the delicate fins.

✅ Be cautious around electrical connections and components. Keep them dry and protected during cleaning.

✅ After cleaning, let the coils dry completely before turning the system back on.

✅ Inspect the coils before and after cleaning for signs of damage.

🚫 Common Mistakes in Evaporator Coil Cleaning: What Not to Do!

Using Excessive Pressure

•  Mistake  – Applying too much force when cleaning which can bend or damage the delicate fins.

Neglecting to Protect Electrical Components

•  Mistake – Allowing water or cleaning solutions to contact electrical parts.

Using the Wrong Cleaning Products

•  Mistake – Applying household cleaners that may corrode the coils.

Forgetting to Clean the Drain Pan

•  Mistake – Focusing only on the coils and ignoring the drain pan, which can harbor mold and bacteria.

Cleaning Without Turning Off the System

• Mistake – Attempting to clean while the AC is running, risking electrical shock.

💡Expert Tip: Always turn off the AC at the thermostat and circuit breaker before starting.

Bending Fins While Cleaning

• Mistake – Accidentally deforming the aluminum fins, which can restrict airflow.

💡Expert Tip: Clean in the direction of the fins and use a fin comb if straightening is needed.

🛠️ When to Call in the Pros

In most cases, cleaning your coils can be a regular DIY task that doesn’t require the expert touch. But there are situations where it’s best to leave the job to professional HVAC technicians.

Here are some scenarios when you should consider calling in the experts:

✅ Heavily Soiled Coils – If your coils are caked with stubborn dirt or grime that doesn’t come off with gentle cleaning methods, professionals have specialized equipment and stronger cleaning solutions to tackle tough buildup.

✅ Complex HVAC Systems – If you have a large or intricate HVAC system, for example, in a commercial setting, professional cleaning is advised.

✅ Visible Mold or Mildew – If you spot mold or mildew on your coils, it’s time for professional intervention. They can safely remove the growth and address any underlying moisture issues.

✅ Damaged Coils or Fins – If you notice bent fins, refrigerant leaks, or other visible damage, a professional can assess and repair these issues along with cleaning.

✅ Recurring Problems – If you’re experiencing frequent issues with cooling efficiency despite regular cleaning, a professional can diagnose and address underlying problems.

✅ Time Constraints – If you’re short on time or uncomfortable with the cleaning process, it would make perfect sense to hire a professional.

Recommended Cleaning Frequency for AC Evaporator Coils

To maintain the optimal performance of your AC system, clean your evaporator coils regularly.

Here are our recommendations:

• Clean your evaporator coils at least once per year, ideally before the start of the cooling season.
• For homes with pets, smokers, or in areas with high dust levels, you’re best to clean every 3-6 months.
• If you notice reduced cooling efficiency or higher energy bills, it might be time for a cleaning, regardless of the last cleaning date.

This wraps up the section on how often we should clean them but nicely brings us to some common issues caused by dirty AC coils.

What Happens When You Neglect Your AC Coils?

When you let your AC coils get dirty, you’re setting yourself up for a few troubles easily avoided.

Here’s what you might experience:

• The AC has to work harder to reach your desired temperature so your home doesn’t cool down as quickly.
• You’ll likely see a jump in your energy bills as your system struggles to perform.
• Some rooms might feel like a fridge, while others remain stuffy.
• Your AC might start making unusual sounds as it strains to function.
• Dirty coils can harbor mold and bacteria, potentially affecting your indoor air.
• The extra stress on your AC can lead to more frequent repairs or even early replacement.

🏠 DIY AC Coil Cleaning Pros and Cons

Pros	Cons
Cost-effective for basic cleaning	Risk of damaging components
Suitable for light, regular maintenance	May miss hidden issues
Immediate action possible	Time-consumingLimited to basic cleaning methods

🛠️ Professional AC Coil Cleaning

Pros	Cons
Thorough, professional-grade cleaning	More expensive than DIY
Access to specialized tools and cleaners	Requires scheduling appointment
Expert assessment of system health	Reliance on external service
Often includes additional maintenance tasks.

Cost Breakdown: DIY vs Professional HVAC Services

DIY Cleaning

The main costs are for cleaning solutions and any tools you might need to purchase. A good coil cleaner typically costs between $15 and $30, and a fin comb costs around $5-$10.

Professional Cleaning

Costs can vary, but here’s a general range:

•  Small residential unit: $100-$200
•  Larger home system: $250-$400
•  Complex or commercial systems: $400+

🌿 Clean Coils for a Greener Home

When your AC coils are clean, your system doesn’t have to work as hard. That means it uses less energy – up to 30% less, in fact. Less energy use means lower bills for you and fewer carbon emissions overall.

Clean evaporator coils also help your AC last longer. Fewer units end up in landfills, and you won’t need to shell out for a new unit anytime soon.

They also improve indoor air quality so you can breathe easier (literally). And by putting less strain on the power grid, especially on those sweltering summer days, you’re doing your bit to prevent blackouts.

Not bad for a bit of regular maintenance, right?

🛡️ Preventing Rapid Coil Buildup

Want to spend less time cleaning your AC coils? Before we finish up, here are some final tips for you:

• Use high-quality, pleated filters with a MERV rating of 8-11. They catch more dirt before it reaches your coils.
• Depending on usage and air quality, replace or clean your filters every 1-3 months.
• Get Regular HVAC check-ups. Annual professional inspections can catch and fix issues before they lead to dirty coils.
• Keep your home clean. Regular dusting and vacuuming mean less dirt in the air for your AC to suck in.
• Consider buying an air purifier to help remove particles before they reach your AC system.

Final Thoughts on Maintaining Your Evaporator Coil

The importance of regularly cleaning your air conditioner or heat pump evaporator coils cannot be overemphasized. With routine upkeep and cleaning, you can keep your air conditioning systems functioning efficiently while keeping your utility bills low.

Now you know how to clean your evaporator coil to keep your AC running in tip-top shape, but if you still have AC problems, it’s time to call out the experts. Call the experts at Phyxter Home Services and learn how to keep your evaporator coils clean during the cooling season. Our air conditioning services are the best in the industry! Check us out and see if a Phyxter HVAC services technician is in your area.

Looking for a new replacement filter? Check out our next article and choose the right filter for your home: Air Filter Guide. MERV Filter Ratings and What They Mean For Homeowners.

Dealing with other common AC problems? Check out: Top 18 Common AC Problems and Solutions