Vermin Supreme - Wikipedia

American novelty candidate (born 1961)

Vermin Love Supreme
Supreme in New Hampshire in 2019 during the 2020 United States presidential election wearing his characteristic Wellington boot
Member of the Libertarian Party Judicial Committee
In officeJuly 12, 2020[1] – May 29, 2022
Personal details
Born	(1961-06-01) June 1, 1961 (age 64)Rockport, Massachusetts, U.S.
Party	Democratic (2004–2008, 2012–2016, 2023–present)
Other politicalaffiliations	Independent (1987–2004, 2023) Libertarian (2016–2023) Republican (2008–2012)
Education	Gloucester High School
Occupation	Performance artist presidential candidate activist

Vermin Love Supreme[2] (born June 1, 1961) is an American performance artist and activist who has run as a novelty candidate in various local, state, and national elections in the United States. He served as a member of the Libertarian Party's judicial committee.[3][4] Supreme is known for wearing a boot as a hat and carrying a large toothbrush,[5] and has said that if elected President of the United States, he will pass a law requiring people to brush their teeth.[6][7] He has campaigned on a platform of zombie apocalypse awareness and time travel research,[8] and promised a free pony for every American.[9]

In 2011, he participated in the Occupy Boston protests.[10] He is the subject of the 2014 documentary Who Is Vermin Supreme? An Outsider Odyssey, which follows his 2012 campaign and explores his life as an activist and political prankster.[11]

Supreme campaigned for the Libertarian Party's 2020 presidential nomination. At the 2020 Libertarian National Convention he came in third place, receiving 206 delegate votes out of 1,026.

Political positions

[edit]

Supreme generally runs for office as a satirical candidate, making proposals that are considered outlandish or unrealistic and communicating in an unorthodox way in order to mock politicians and the political system.[citation needed] His eccentric attire includes multiple ties and a boot on his head, and he sometimes carries a giant toothbrush. He has created attention by giving interviews to reporters and crashing campaign events for major candidates. Some of the main themes of Supreme's campaigns are instituting a mandatory tooth brushing law, giving every American a free pony, using zombies for renewable energy, zombie apocalypse awareness, and time travel research. He largely avoided discussing major political issues until his 2020 presidential campaign, which was more serious. Supreme has run variously as a Republican, a Democrat, and a Libertarian.[12][13][14][15]

Supreme discussed his political views in a 2008 promotional video. He said he was registered as a Republican at that time, but that he leaned toward anarchism and was influenced by the Situationist International, dadaism, and discordianism.[16] He asserted that libertarians "are just about abolishing the government and letting shit fall where it may",[17] which he called a mistake, though he later said that assertion was based on a "prejudice" for "lack of knowing."[18] He asserted that Republicans want to nullify the government, but "offer no alternative to helping people other than charity."[17] Supreme's vision of anarchism holds no need for government and depends on citizens to take responsibility for themselves and for others, citing "mutual aid and support and care to our fellow citizens" as key elements. To that end, Supreme has called for a gradual dismantling of the government, while citizens take up the slack. He asserted that Americans no longer know how to be citizens, placing some of the blame on schools that teach in a "very twisted and jingoistic fashion".[17]

Discussing his presidential campaign in the video, Supreme describes his "joke humor" campaign as a response to the lies people are fed by the media and by the government.[17]

In an interview with New Hampshire magazine in 2018, Supreme labeled his political beliefs as "social anarchist" and opined that Peter Kropotkin "was a great anarchist thinker and writer".[19]

Political campaigns

[edit]

Early political activity

[edit]

In 1986, Supreme joined the Great Peace March for Global Nuclear Disarmament in protest of nuclear weapons.[2] Supreme's first political campaign was for Mayor of Baltimore in 1987. At the time, Supreme was without income, and later said that he ran "mainly to give myself a project...something to do." The election was won by Kurt Schmoke.[20]

Presidential campaigns

[edit]

Supreme has run in every presidential election since 1992.[14]

2004

[edit]

Supreme campaigned in the Washington, D.C. presidential primary in 2004,[21] where he received 149 votes.[22]

2008

[edit]

Supreme campaigned in the New Hampshire Republican primary in 2008. He received 41 votes (0.02%) in the New Hampshire primary. According to the Federal Election Commission (FEC), he also received 43 votes nationally in the general election.[23]

2012

[edit]

Supreme campaigned as a Democrat in the 2012 U.S. presidential election.[24][25][26] His candidacy was supported by the Good Humor Party.

On April 14, 2011, Supreme participated in the First Debate of the New Election Cycle at the IGLO Dissidents' Convention which also included Jimmy McMillan, Jill Stein, and others.[27][28] He qualified to be listed on the 2012 Democratic Party primary ballot in New Hampshire.[29] On October 29, 2011, Supreme participated in a satirical debate against a representative of the campaign of deceased British occultist Aleister Crowley.[30] On December 19, he participated in the "Lesser-Known Democratic Candidates Presidential Forum", at the New Hampshire Institute of Politics at Saint Anselm College and "glitterbombed" fellow candidate Randall Terry.[31]

He was a candidate in the Iowa Democratic caucuses, and received 1.4% of the votes on January 3, 2012.[32] On January 10, 2012, in the Democratic Primary in New Hampshire, Supreme received 833 votes. (Barack Obama won the primary with 49,080 votes.)[33]

Supreme participated in the Anti-NATO protests at the May 20–21 Chicago NATO Summit.[34][35] In May 2012, he visited the second largest regional high school in Maine to give a speech about his campaign style to a government class.[36] In June 2012, he participated in the Rainbow Gathering in Tennessee.[35]

On August 25, Supreme announced his new political party, the Free Pony Party, where he will give all citizens "a free pony" and that he has chosen fellow fringe opponent Jimmy McMillan as his running mate. Conversely, McMillan stated he was still running for president on his own Rent Is Too Damn High Party platform, and that Supreme would be McMillan's running mate.[37] In October, Supreme participated in a debate hosted by Peter Schiff in the Peter Schiff Radio Show, which featured a panel of overlooked presidential candidates including McMillan, independent write-in candidate Santa Claus, and write-in Republican presidential candidate Edgar Lawson.[38]

2016

[edit]

Supreme attempted another presidential run in 2016.[39] He embarked on a tour of 20 cities to build support for his campaign and sought to qualify for matching funds from the Federal Election Commission (FEC).[39][40] He filed as a candidate in the New Hampshire Democratic presidential primary on November 21, 2015.[41] He was not invited to return to the Lesser-Known Democratic Candidates Presidential Forum, due in part to him glitter bombing Randall Terry at the event in 2011.[42] Shortly before the primary, he was observed questioning Republican candidates Chris Christie and Ted Cruz through a bullhorn. Supreme engaged Christie in an informal debate over his free pony platform, during which he accused Christie of hating ponies, and asked Cruz whether he thought that water being used during waterboarding should include fluoride.[15][43][44]

Supreme received 256 votes in the primary on February 9, 2016, coming in fourth after former Maryland Governor Martin O'Malley, who had dropped out after the Iowa caucuses.[45]

On March 4, Supreme switched his affiliation to the Libertarian Party.[46] He received the vote of a single delegate in the first round of presidential nomination voting at the 2016 Libertarian National Convention.

2020

[edit] Main article: Vermin Supreme 2020 presidential campaign

Supreme ran again for president in 2020, this time as a Libertarian. This marked the first time that Supreme ran a "legitimate" campaign, focusing on real rather than satirical issues and using the slogan "In On The Joke".[47] While Supreme continued to use satirical humor, he focused more on legitimate political issues. He called for ending foreign wars and voiced support for pardoning non-violent drug offenders, ending the war on drugs, and reducing incarceration, which he called his top priority. On the COVID-19 pandemic, Supreme criticized President Donald Trump, arguing that he should have paid better attention to the virus and have made testing more widely available. He satirically promised to make COVID-19 illegal and, in a play on his campaign promise to go back in time and "kill baby Hitler," vowed to go back in time and "kill baby COVID." He facetiously pledged to create "COVID-19 free zones" because "they work so well for things like guns and drugs."[48]

He won the Libertarian Presidential Preference Primary in New Hampshire on February 11, 2020.[49][50] On March 3, 2020, Supreme was declared the winner of the Massachusetts primary.[51] He dropped out on May 23, 2020, after Jo Jorgensen received the Libertarian Party's nomination for president. Incidentally, Supreme's running mate Spike Cohen was chosen to be the Libertarian vice presidential nominee.

2024

[edit]

Supreme ran for president again in 2024, this time for the Democratic nomination. Supreme obtained ballot access in one state for the Democratic primaries, New Hampshire.[52] On December 8, 2023, Supreme appeared at the Lesser-Known Candidates Forum hosted by Saint Anselm College in Manchester, New Hampshire.[53] Supreme placed fifth in the New Hampshire Democratic primary with 0.7% of the vote.[54] Supreme also appeared on the ballot for the Legal Marijuana Now Party's presidential nomination primary in Minnesota on March 5, 2024.[55] He placed third among five candidates with 15.08% of the vote.[56]

In June 2024, the US Pirate Party officially voted to endorse Supreme's candidacy for President.[57] He was also nominated by the Conservative Party of Delaware and appeared on the general election ballot in that state.[58]

Other campaigns

[edit]

In 2018, Supreme expressed interest in running for Governor of Kansas. Although he did not live in the state, Kansas had very few strict requirements for running for office. Several teenagers taking advantage of the lack of requirements had filed to run for governor, and in order not to take any votes away from them, Supreme decided to run for Attorney General instead, becoming a challenger to incumbent Republican Derek Schmidt. The lack of requirements in order to run for office, as outlined in the state's Constitution, has been heralded by Supreme: "This is indeed a very interesting and attractive loophole," he said. "I think that's a very good thing for democracy." Desarae Lindsay of Texas was named his campaign treasurer and would accompany him to his 2020 presidential campaign. Supreme was eventually disqualified from running on the basis of his non-residency in the state, his home address being in Massachusetts.[59][60]

On August 24, 2020, Supreme announced that he would be launching a write-in campaign for the Libertarian nomination for the 2020 Massachusetts senatorial election.[61]

"Right to pony" during 2017 Clinton book tour

[edit]

In December 2017 Hillary Clinton planned to visit Concord, New Hampshire, for a book tour promoting her new book What Happened. In advance of her presentation, Supreme planned a demonstration in front of the bookstore during the event.[62] The demonstration was to be a "pony protest" and would include at least one pony.[63] Supreme has a history of making the election promise of ponies to constituents and has asserted that Clinton does not like ponies enough.[64] When Supreme sought a protest permit for his demonstration, the police ordered the city to deny his request.[64]

In response, Supreme asserted his "right to pony" and retained Marc Randazza, an attorney with a reputation for advocacy of First Amendment rights, to represent him in suing the city of Concord for the permit.[63] The court found in favor of Supreme, issuing an injunction that the city give him a permit, allowing him to protest the event, along with his ponies.[63] A stipulation was that Supreme had to pay for parking for ponies at the rate for cars.[65]

When Supreme presented the pony protest, there was a parade.[66] More than 1,000 people attended the book signing and protest.[67]

Filmography

[edit] List of acting performances in film and television

Title	Year	Role	Genre
Subdue the Universe	1997	Himself	Documentary
Winning New Hampshire	2004	Himself	Documentary
2008 Uncut	2008	Himself	TV series
Vote Jesus: The Chronicles of Ken Stevenson (documentary)	2009	Ken Stevenson	Film
Learnin' with Vermin	2012	Himself	Educational
Who Is Vermin Supreme? An Outsider Odyssey	2014	Himself	Documentary
Rich Hall's Presidential Grudge Match	2016	Himself	Documentary

Electoral history

[edit]

2004 District of Columbia Democratic presidential primary

[edit] 2004 District of Columbia Democraticpresidential primary[68]

Candidate	Popular vote
	Count	Percentage
Howard Dean	18,132	42.65%
Al Sharpton	14,639	34.43%
Carol Moseley Braun	4,924	11.58%
Dennis Kucinich	3,481	8.19%
Lyndon LaRouche	522	1.23%
Florence Walker	257	0.60%
Aurther Jackson	241	0.57%
Vermin Supreme	149	0.35%
Harry Braun	85	0.20%
Jeanne Chebib	46	0.11%
Lucian Wojciechowski	40	0.09%
Total	42,516	100%

2008 Republican presidential primaries

[edit] New Hampshire Republican presidential primary, 2008

Candidate		Votes	%
John McCain		88,571	37.7%
Mitt Romney		75,546	32.2%
Mike Huckabee		26,859	11.4%
Rudy Giuliani		20,439	8.7%
Ron Paul		18,308	7.8%
Fred Thompson		2,890	1.2%
Duncan Hunter		1,217	0.51%
Alan Keyes		203	0.086%
Stephen Marchuk		123	0.058%
Tom Tancredo		80	0.034%
Hugh Cort		53	0.023%
Cornelius Edward O'Connor		45	0.019%
Albert Howard		44	0.0187%
Vern Wuensche		44	0.0187%
Vermin Supreme		41	0.0175%
John H. Cox		39	0.017%
Daniel Gilbert		33	0.014%
James Creighton Mitchell Jr.		30	0.013%
Jack Shepard		27	0.011%
Mark Klein		19	< 0.01%
H. Neal Fendig Jr.		13	< 0.01%
Hudson Starnes		5	< 0.01%
Other		227	0.097%
Total votes		234,851	100.00%

2016 Democratic presidential primaries

[edit] 2016 Democratic presidential primaries[69]

Candidate		Votes	%
Hillary Clinton		16,917,853	55.2%
Bernie Sanders		13,210,550	43.1%
Martin O'Malley		110,423	0.4%
Uncommitted		101,481	0.3%
Rocky De La Fuente		67,468	0.2%
No Preference		50,990	0.2%
Scattering		48,576	0.2%
Willie Wilson		25,796	0.2%
Paul T. Farrell Jr.		21,694	0.1%
Keith Russell Judd		20,305	0.1%
Michael Steinberg		20,126	0.1%
Henry Hewes		11,062	0.065%
John Wolfe Jr.		7,369	0.044%
Star Locke		5,202	0.031%
Steve Burke		4,893	0.029%
Lawrence "Larry Joe" Cohen		2,407	0.014%
Calvis L. Hawes		2,017	0.012%
James Valentine		1,726	0.01%
Uninstructed Delegation		1,488	0.0089%
Jon Adams		486	0.0029%
Vermin Supreme		268	0.0016%
Mark Stewart		236	0.0014%
David John Thistle		226	0.0013%
Graham Schwass		143	< 0.001%
Lloyd Thomas Kelso		46	< 0.001%
Mark Stewart Greenstein		41	< 0.001%
Eric Elbot		36	< 0.001%
William D. French		29	< 0.001%
Edward T. O'Donnell Jr.		26	< 0.001%
Robert Lovitt		22	< 0.001%
William H. McGaughey Jr.		19	< 0.001%
Edward Sonnino		17	< 0.001%
Steven Roy Lipscomb		15	< 0.001%
Sam Sloan		15	< 0.001%
Brock C. Hutton		14	< 0.001%
Raymond Michael Moroz		8	< 0.001%
Write-in		60	< 0.001%
Total votes		30,633,131	100.00%

2020 Libertarian presidential primaries

[edit] 2020 Libertarian presidential primaries

Candidate		Votes	%
Jacob Hornberger		9,177	20.3%
Jo Jorgensen		5,110	11.2%
Vermin Supreme		4,277	9.4%
Ken Armstrong		3,507	7.7%
Kim Ruff		3,030	7.7%
Adam Kokesh		2,865	6.3%
Dan Behrman		2,392	5.3%
Max Abramson		2,039	4.5%
Sam Robb		1,951	4.3%
Other		7,193	15.9%
Total votes		45,306	100.00%

2020 United States Senate election in Massachusetts

[edit] Libertarian primary results

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
Libertarian	Other Write-ins	3,390	99.21%
Libertarian	Vermin Supreme (write-in)	27	0.79%
Total votes			3,417	100.00%

2024 Democratic Party primary in New Hampshire

[edit] New Hampshire Democratic primary, January 23, 2024[70]

Candidate	Votes	Percentage
Joe Biden (incumbent; write-in)	79,100	63.8%
Dean Phillips	24,377	19.7%
Marianne Williamson	5,016	4.0%
Nikki Haley (write-in) (Republican)	4,760	3.8%
Donald Trump (write-in) (Republican)	2,079	1.7%
Derek Nadeau	1,616	1.3%
"Ceasefire" (write-in)[71]	1,512	1.2%
Vermin Supreme	912	0.7%
John Vail	685	0.6%
Robert F. Kennedy Jr. (write-in) (Independent)	439	0.4%
Donald Picard	371	0.3%
Paperboy Prince	326	0.3%
Paul V. LaCava	176	0.1%
Jason Michael Palmer	142	0.1%
President R. Boddie	136	0.1%
Mark Stewart Greenstein	133	0.1%
Bernie Sanders (write-in) (Independent)	125	0.1%
Terrisa Bukovinac	101	<0.1%
Gabriel Cornejo	86	<0.1%
Stephen P. Lyons	80	<0.1%
Frankie Lozada	73	<0.1%
Tom Koos	71	<0.1%
Armando "Mando" Perez-Serrato	68	<0.1%
Star Locke	59	<0.1%
Raymond Michael Moroz	52	<0.1%
Eban Cambridge	47	<0.1%
Chris Christie (write-in) (Republican)	41	<0.1%
Richard Rist	37	<0.1%
Ron DeSantis (write-in) (Republican)	33	<0.1%
Vivek Ramaswamy (write-in) (Republican)	2	<0.1%
Other write-ins, reported as "scatter".	1,341	1.1%
Total:	123,996	100.00%

No delegates were awarded from the January New Hampshire primary.

Personal life

[edit]

Supreme grew up near Boston, Massachusetts,[72][73] and is the oldest of three children.[2] He graduated from Gloucester High School in 1979, then moved to Baltimore to attend the Maryland Institute College of Art.[74] He eventually dropped out of college and began booking bands for underground music clubs.[2]

He legally changed his name to Vermin Supreme in the 1990s while still in Baltimore.[2]

In 2006, Supreme donated one of his kidneys to his mother, who was suffering from renal failure.[2]

Supreme is married and has no children.[2] He resides in Rockport, Massachusetts.[75]

See also

[edit]

• List of frivolous political parties
• Pat Paulsen, often seen Presidential candidate
• Lord Buckethead, a British satirical candidate
• Screaming Lord Sutch, a satirical politician in the United Kingdom
• Count Binface, a British satirical candidate
• Rhinoceros Party, a satirical Canadian political party
• Situationism, an avant-garde social and political art movement which influenced Vermin Supreme
• Manuel João Vieira, musician/comedian satirically running for the Portuguese 2026 presidential election
• Tiririca, a professional clown who ran for and currently represents the state of São Paulo in Brazil

References

[edit]

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58. ^ "General Election 11/5/2024". Delaware Elections. Retrieved September 13, 2024.
59. ^ Clarkin, Mary (March 30, 2018). "Supreme candidate could enter A.G. race". The Hutchinson News. Archived from the original on April 17, 2018.
60. ^ "Vermin Supreme removed from running for KS attorney general". KWCH12. June 1, 2018. Archived from the original on November 30, 2020. Retrieved November 22, 2020.
61. ^ Supreme, Vermin (August 24, 2020). "I am announcing a write-in campaign for the US Senate vote in the Libertarian primary". Twitter. Archived from the original on August 24, 2020. Retrieved August 25, 2020.
62. ^ Fisher, Damien (December 6, 2017). "Clinton book signing targeted by Vermin Supreme". www.nashuatelegraph.com. Archived from the original on December 24, 2017.
63. ^ a b c
    • Brown, Elizabeth Nolan (December 4, 2017). "Prohibited Pony Protest at Clinton Event Spurs Vermin Supreme Speech Suit". Reason. Archived from the original on December 24, 2017.
    • Andrews, Caitlin (December 2, 2017). "Vermin Supreme sues Concord to have pony protest". Concord Monitor. Archived from the original on December 24, 2017.
64. ^ a b Vidal, Alex (December 9, 2017). "Surrender Hillary, We Have You Surrounded With Ponies". www.dangerous.com. Archived from the original on December 24, 2017.
65. ^ Maxwell, Mary W (December 10, 2017). "What Happened to Hillary? Ponies, Paynes, and How Obama Got Elected in 2008 - Gumshoe News". Gumshoe News. Archived from the original on December 24, 2017.
66. ^ Sutherland, Paige (December 5, 2017). "Vermin Supreme Hosts 'Pony Parade' Protest Outside Clinton Event In Concord". New Hampshire Public Radio. Archived from the original on December 24, 2017.
67. ^ Solomon, Dave (December 5, 2017). "Hillary draws more than 1,000 people, and a pony, to Concord book signing". UnionLeader.com. Archived from the original on December 24, 2017.
68. ^ "January 13 Presidential Preference Primary Election and Recall Election for Advisory Neighborhood Commission Single-Member District 4B07 - Summary Report" (PDF). District of Columbia Board of Elections. Archived (PDF) from the original on April 24, 2021. Retrieved March 30, 2020.
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70. ^ "2024 Democratic Presidential Primary Election Results". NH SOS. Retrieved February 2, 2024.
71. ^ Marrans, Daniel (January 22, 2024). "Pro-Palestine Activists Urge New Hampshire Voters To Write In 'Cease-Fire'". HuffPost.com. Retrieved January 23, 2024.
72. ^ Garance, Franke-Ruta (January 9, 2004). "Running Gag: A campaign veteran comes to the D.C. primary". Washington City Paper. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012. Retrieved February 20, 2016.
73. ^ Miller, Leslie F. (2009). Let Me Eat Cake: A Celebration of Flour, Sugar, Butter, Eggs, Vanilla, Baking Powder, and a Pinch of Salt. Simon & Schuster. p. 73. ISBN 9781416591979.
74. ^ "Vermin Love Supreme". idioideo.pleintekst.nl. Archived from the original on October 27, 2021. Retrieved December 2, 2020.
75. ^ Writer, Dimitra Lavrakas Staff (November 28, 2015). "Rockporter Vermin Supreme on NH presidential primary ballot". Gloucester Daily Times. Retrieved May 6, 2024.

External links

[edit] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Vermin Supreme.

• Vermin Supreme 2024, official 2024 website
• Vermin Supreme 2016, official 2016 presidential campaign website
• Vermin Supreme for Overlord of Planet Earth, official Facebook page
• Vermin Supreme Official YouTube Channel
• Biography at Project Vote Smart
• Appearances on C-SPAN
• Vermin Supreme at IMDb

v t e (← 2000) 2004 United States presidential election (2008 →)
Candidates Debates Timeline Potomac primary Mini-Tuesday Electoral College vote count
Republican Party	Convention Primaries Primary results Candidates Incumbent nominee: George W. Bush campaign positions Incumbent VP nominee: Dick Cheney Other candidates: John Buchanan Jack Fellure Tom Laughlin
Democratic Party	Convention Debates Primaries Primary results Candidates Nominee: John Kerry campaign VP nominee: John Edwards Other candidates: Carol Moseley Braun Wesley Clark campaign Howard Dean campaign John Edwards campaign positions Dick Gephardt campaign Bob Graham campaign Caroline Killeen Dennis Kucinich campaign Lyndon LaRouche campaign positions Joe Lieberman campaign positions Al Sharpton campaign
Controversies	Moss v. Bush Conspiracy theories Kerry military service Bush military service
Third-party and independent candidates Constitution Party Convention Nominee: Michael Peroutka VP nominee: Chuck Baldwin Green Party Convention Nominee: David Cobb campaign VP nominee: Pat LaMarche Other candidates Sheila Bilyeu Peter Camejo Paul Glover Kent Mesplay Lorna Salzman Libertarian Party Convention Nominee: Michael Badnarik campaign VP nominee: Richard Campagna Other candidates Gary Nolan Aaron Russo Personal Choice Party Nominee Charles Jay VP nominee Marilyn Chambers Prohibition Party Nominee Gene Amondson Alternate nominee Earl Dodge Reform Party Nominee Ralph Nader (campaign) Socialist Party Nominee: Walt Brown VP nominee: Mary Alice Herbert Other candidates Eric Chester Socialist Workers Party Nominee Róger Calero Alternate nominee James Harris VP nominee Arrin Hawkins Workers World Party Nominee John Parker VP nominee Teresa Gutierrez Independents and other candidates Thomas Harens Tom Laughlin Ralph Nader (campaign) Leonard Peltier Joe Schriner
Other 2004 elections House Senate Gubernatorial

v t e (← 2004) 2008 United States presidential election (2012 →)
2008 United States elections Candidates Comparison Debates Congressional endorsements Fundraising Ballot access Timeline Super Tuesday Potomac primary Super Tuesday II Polls national statewide international
Democratic Party▌WFP	Convention superdelegates Polls statewide national Debates Primaries Primary results VP candidate selection Candidates Nominee: Barack Obama campaign positions endorsements cross-party VP nominee: Joe Biden positions Other candidates: Evan Bayh campaign Joe Biden campaign positions Hillary Clinton campaign positions endorsements Chris Dodd campaign John Edwards campaign positions Mike Gravel campaign Dennis Kucinich campaign Bill Richardson campaign Tom Vilsack campaign
Republican Party▌CPNY · ▌IPNY	Convention Polls statewide national Debates Political positions Primaries Primary results VP candidate selection Candidates Nominee: John McCain campaign positions endorsements cross-party VP nominee: Sarah Palin candidacy positions Other candidates: Sam Brownback campaign John H. Cox Jim Gilmore campaign Rudy Giuliani campaign positions Mike Huckabee campaign positions Duncan L. Hunter campaign Alan Keyes campaign Ray McKinney Ron Paul campaign positions Mitt Romney campaign positions Tom Tancredo campaign Fred Thompson campaign Tommy Thompson campaign
Draft movements	Democratic: Al Gore Mark Warner Republican: Newt Gingrich Condoleezza Rice movement Independent: Michael Bloomberg movement
Third party and independent candidates Constitution Party(convention) Nominee: Chuck Baldwin campaign VP nominee: Darrell Castle Other candidates: Daniel Imperato Alan Keyes campaign Green Party(convention) Nominee: Cynthia McKinney campaign positions VP nominee: Rosa Clemente Other candidates: Elaine Brown Libertarian Party(convention) Nominee: Bob Barr campaign positions VP nominee: Wayne Allyn Root Other candidates: Mike Gravel campaign Steve Kubby Wayne Allyn Root Mary Ruwart Doug Stanhope America's Independent Party Nominee: Alan Keyes campaign VP nominee: Brian Rohrbough Boston Tea Party Nominee: Charles Jay Objectivist Party Nominee: Tom Stevens Peace and Freedom Party Nominee: Ralph Nader campaign VP nominee: Matt Gonzalez Other candidates: Gloria La Riva Cynthia McKinney campaign Brian Moore campaign Prohibition Party Nominee: Gene Amondson Reform Party Nominee: Ted Weill VP nominee: Frank McEnulty Socialism and Liberation Party Nominee: Gloria La Riva VP nominee: Eugene Puryear Socialist Party Nominee: Brian Moore campaign VP nominee: Stewart Alexander Other candidates: Eric Chester Socialist Workers Party Nominee: Róger Calero Alternate nominee: James Harris VP nominee: Alyson Kennedy Independent / Other Jeff Boss Stephen Colbert campaign Earl Dodge Bradford Lyttle Frank Moore Joe Schriner Jonathon Sharkey
Other 2008 elections: House Senate Gubernatorial

v t e (← 2008) 2012 United States presidential election (2016 →)
Fundraising National polls Statewide polls (pre-2012, early 2012) Timeline General election debates Newspaper endorsements Hurricane Sandy
Democratic Party	Convention Primaries Results Candidates Incumbent nominee: Barack Obama campaign endorsements positions Incumbent VP nominee: Joe Biden positions Challengers Bob Ely Keith Judd Warren Mosler Vermin Supreme Randall Terry John Wolfe
Republican Party	Convention Primaries Debates Statewide polls National polls Straw polls Candidates Nominee: Mitt Romney campaign endorsements positions VP nominee: Paul Ryan positions Other candidates Michele Bachmann campaign Herman Cain campaign positions Mark Callahan Jack Fellure Newt Gingrich campaign positions Stewart Greenleaf John Davis Jon Huntsman campaign Gary Johnson campaign Fred Karger Andy Martin Thaddeus McCotter campaign Jimmy McMillan Roy Moore Ron Paul campaign positions Tim Pawlenty campaign Rick Perry campaign positions Buddy Roemer campaign Rick Santorum campaign
Libertarian Party	Convention Candidates Nominee: Gary Johnson campaign VP nominee: Jim Gray Other candidates Carl Person Sam Sloan
Green Party	Convention Primaries Candidates Nominee: Jill Stein campaign VP nominee: Cheri Honkala Other candidates: Stewart Alexander Roseanne Barr
Other third-party and independent candidates American Independent Party Nominee: Tom Hoefling Other candidates: Wiley Drake Virgil Goode campaign Edward C. Noonan Laurie Roth American Third Position Party Nominee: Merlin Miller VP nominee: Virginia Abernethy Constitution Party Convention Nominee: Virgil Goode campaign VP nominee: Jim Clymer Other candidates: Laurie Roth Robby Wells Freedom Socialist Party Nominee: Stephen Durham Grassroots Party Nominee Jim Carlson Justice Party Nominee: Rocky Anderson VP nominee: Luis J. Rodriguez Socialism and Liberation Nominee: Peta Lindsay Peace and Freedom Party Nominee: Roseanne Barr VP nominee: Cindy Sheehan Other candidates: Stewart Alexander Rocky Anderson Peta Lindsay Prohibition Party Nominee: Jack Fellure Other candidates: James Hedges Reform Party Nominee: Andre Barnett Other candidates: Laurence Kotlikoff Buddy Roemer campaign Robby Wells Socialist Equality Party Nominee Jerry White Socialist Workers Party Nominee: James Harris Socialist Party Nominee: Stewart Alexander campaign VP nominee: Alejandro Mendoza Independents and others Objectivist Party Tom Stevens Independents Lee Abramson Randy Blythe Jeff Boss Robert Burck Terry Jones Joe Schriner Michael Bloomberg attempt to draft
Other 2012 elections: House Senate Gubernatorial

v t e (← 2012) 2016 United States presidential election (2020 →)
Donald Trump, Mike Pence (R), 304 electoral votes; Hillary Clinton, Tim Kaine (D), 227 electoral votes Fundraising Positions Polls national by demo. statewide pre-2016 early 2016 international Social media Timeline Debates Newspaper endorsements primary Vote pairing Recounts Russian interference Faithless electors Electoral College vote count Transition inauguration
Republican Party▌AIP · ▌CPNY · ▌RTLP Debates and forums Endorsements Primaries Polls (national · statewide · straw) Results Convention VP candidate selection Candidates Nominee Donald Trump campaign endorsements positions protests GOP opposition VP nominee: Mike Pence Other candidates Jeb Bush campaign positions Ben Carson campaign Chris Christie campaign Ted Cruz campaign endorsements positions Mark Everson Carly Fiorina campaign Jim Gilmore campaign Lindsey Graham campaign Mike Huckabee campaign positions Bobby Jindal campaign John Kasich campaign endorsements Jimmy McMillan George Pataki campaign Rand Paul campaign positions Rick Perry campaign positions Marco Rubio campaign positions Rick Santorum campaign Scott Walker campaign Democratic Party▌WEP · ▌WFP Political positions Endorsements Debates and forums Primaries Polls national statewide straw Results Convention superdelegates VP candidate selection Candidates Nominee Hillary Clinton campaign endorsements political non-political celebrities performers positions Democratic opposition VP nominee: Tim Kaine Other candidates Lincoln Chafee campaign Rocky De La Fuente campaign Paul T. Farrell Jr. Lawrence Lessig campaign Martin O'Malley campaign Bernie Sanders campaign endorsements positions Jim Webb campaign Willie Wilson Libertarian Party▌IPNY Debates and forums Primaries Convention Candidates Nominee Gary Johnson campaign endorsements positions VP nominee: Bill Weld Other candidates John McAfee Austin Petersen Green Party Debates and forums Primaries Convention Candidates Nominee Jill Stein campaign endorsements VP nominee: Ajamu Baraka Other candidates Darryl Cherney Independents▌ IPMN Better for America Candidate: Evan McMullin campaign endorsements Running mate: Mindy Finn Other third-party and independent candidates American Delta Party▌Reform Nominee: Rocky De La Fuente campaign VP nominee: Michael Steinberg American Party (South Carolina) Nominee: Peter Skewes American Solidarity Party Nominee: Mike Maturen America's Party Nominee: Tom Hoefling Constitution Party Primaries Convention Nominee Darrell Castle campaign VP nominee: Scott Bradley Other candidates Tom Hoefling Nutrition Party Nominee: Rod Silva Peace and Freedom Party▌PSL Nominee: Gloria La Riva VP nominee: Dennis Banks PSL VP nominee: Eugene Puryear* Other candidates: Monica Moorehead Jill Stein Prohibition Party Nominee: James Hedges Socialist Action Nominee: Jeff Mackler Socialist Equality Party Nominee: Jerry White Socialist Party USA Nominee: Mimi Soltysik campaign VP nominee: Angela Nicole Walker Socialist Workers Party Nominee: Alyson Kennedy VP nominee: Osborne Hart Pacifist Party Nominee: Bradford Lyttle Workers World Party Nominee: Monica Moorehead Other Independent candidates Laurence Kotlikoff * : These candidates were constitutionally ineligible to serve as President or Vice President.
Other 2016 elections: Senate House

v t e (← 2016) 2020 United States presidential election (2024 →)
Joe Biden, Kamala Harris (D), 306 electoral votes; Donald Trump, Mike Pence (R), 232 electoral votes 2020 United States elections Polls national state Predictions Timeline Debates Postal voting Social media Fundraising Electors Electoral College vote count Transition inauguration
Democratic Party▌IPO · ▌WFP Primaries Candidates Debates Forums Results Convention (automatic delegates) Polls (national · state) Positions Endorsements VP candidate selection Unity Task Forces Candidates Nominee: Joe Biden campaign endorsements celebrity organizations Congress state & territorial officials municipal officials positions VP nominee: Kamala Harris positions Withdrew during primaries Michael Bennet Michael Bloomberg campaign endorsements positions Pete Buttigieg campaign endorsements positions Tulsi Gabbard campaign positions Amy Klobuchar campaign endorsements positions Deval Patrick Bernie Sanders campaign endorsements positions media coverage Tom Steyer Elizabeth Warren campaign endorsements positions Andrew Yang campaign endorsements Withdrew before primaries Cory Booker campaign endorsements positions Steve Bullock Julian Castro Bill de Blasio John Delaney campaign positions Kirsten Gillibrand positions Ben Gleib Mike Gravel campaign Kamala Harris campaign endorsements positions John Hickenlooper Jay Inslee campaign Wayne Messam Seth Moulton Richard Ojeda Beto O'Rourke campaign Tim Ryan Joe Sestak Eric Swalwell Marianne Williamson campaign Republican Party▌CPNYS · ▌RTLP Primaries Results Debates Convention Polls Candidates Incumbent nominee Donald Trump campaign endorsements political non-political positions GOP opposition GOP reactions to fraud claims Incumbent VP nominee: Mike Pence Withdrew during primaries Rocky De La Fuente Bob Ely Jack Fellure Zoltan Istvan Joe Walsh campaign Bill Weld campaign Withdrew before primaries Mark Sanford Libertarian Party Primaries Results Convention Candidates Nominee Jo Jorgensen campaign endorsements VP nominee: Spike Cohen Eliminated in balloting Jim Gray Adam Kokesh John McAfee John Monds Vermin Supreme campaign Withdrew before or during primaries Max Abramson Lincoln Chafee Zoltan Istvan Formed exploratory committee but did not run Justin Amash Green Party▌LMN · ▌SA · ▌SPUSA Primaries Results Debates Convention Candidates Nominee: Howie Hawkins campaign endorsements VP nominee: Angela Walker Withdrew during primaries Dario Hunter Other candidates Jesse Ventura Constitution Party Primaries Nominee: Don Blankenship Other third-party candidates Alliance Party▌AIP · ▌Reform Nominee: Rocky De La Fuente VP nominee: Darcy Richardson AIP VP nominee: Kanye West Other candidates Max Abramson Phil Collins American Solidarity Party Nominee: Brian T. Carroll Other candidates Joe Schriner Birthday Party Nominee: Kanye West campaign positions Bread and Roses Nominee: Jerome Segal Party for Socialism & Liberation▌LUP · ▌PFP Nominee: Gloria La Riva VP nominee: Leonard Peltier (withdrew) Other candidates: Howie Hawkins Progressive Party Nominee: Dario Hunter Prohibition Party Nominee: Phil Collins Socialist Action Nominee: Jeff Mackler Socialist Equality Party Nominee: Joseph Kishore Socialist Workers Party Nominee: Alyson Kennedy Independent candidates Declared Pete Accetturo Mark Charles Brock Pierce (▌IPNY nominee) Jade Simmons Joe Schriner Withdrew Perry Caravello Jeremy Gable
Disputes Attempts to overturn Protests during inauguration week U.S. Capitol attack timeline aftermath second impeachment of Donald Trump trial January 6 commission reactions domestic international Trump fake electors plot Arizona Georgia Michigan Trump–Raffensperger phone call Eastman memos Lawsuits Filed before Election Day Filed during or after Election Day Arizona Georgia Michigan Nevada Pennsylvania Wisconsin Texas v. Pennsylvania Four Seasons Total Landscaping press conference Controversies Russian interference Voting restrictions

v t e (← 2020) 2024 United States presidential election (2028 →)
Donald Trump, JD Vance (R), 312 electoral votes; Kamala Harris, Tim Walz (D), 226 electoral votes 2024 United States elections Polls national state Timeline Debates Fundraising Ballot access Interference Chinese Iranian Russian Electors Electoral College vote count Transition inauguration
Republican Party▌CPNYS	Primaries Candidates Debates and forums Results Convention Polls national state Endorsements VP candidate selection Candidates Nominee: Donald Trump campaign eligibility Trump v. Anderson endorsements political non-political opposition positions VP nominee: JD Vance positions Withdrew during primaries Ryan Binkley John Anthony Castro Ron DeSantis campaign endorsements positions Nikki Haley campaign endorsements positions Asa Hutchinson campaign E. W. Jackson Vivek Ramaswamy campaign Sam Sloan Withdrew before primaries Doug Burgum campaign Chris Christie campaign Larry Elder Will Hurd Perry Johnson Steve Laffey Mike Pence campaign positions Tim Scott campaign Corey Stapleton Francis Suarez
Democratic Party▌WFP	Primaries Candidates Debates and forums Results Convention Polls VP candidate selection Protest votes Candidates Nominee: Kamala Harris campaign endorsements political non-political Haley Voters for Harris White Dudes for Harris positions VP nominee: Tim Walz Withdrew after primaries Joe Biden campaign endorsements opposition positions withdrawal Marianne Williamson campaign Withdrew during primaries Jason Palmer Dean Phillips campaign Vermin Supreme Cenk Uygur Withdrew before primaries Robert F. Kennedy Jr. Jerome Segal
Libertarian Party	Primaries Convention Candidates Nominee: Chase Oliver campaign VP nominee: Mike ter Maat Eliminated in balloting Robert F. Kennedy Jr. Art Olivier Michael Rectenwald Mike ter Maat Withdrew before primaries Joe Exotic Other candidates Robert F. Kennedy Jr. (LPCO · LPNH)
Green Party▌KP	Primaries Convention Candidates Nominee: Jill Stein campaign endorsements VP nominee: Butch Ware Withdrew after primaries Randy Toler Withdrew before primaries Emanuel Pastreich Cornel West
Independent▌GMPJ · ▌NLMN · ▌OPP▌SA · ▌UCP · ▌UPC	Candidate: Cornel West campaign Running mate: Melina Abdullah
Independent (withdrawn)▌AP · ▌AIP · ▌IPoD▌NLP · ▌RPUSA	Candidate: Robert F. Kennedy Jr. campaign Reform Convention Running mate: Nicole Shanahan
Other third-party candidates American Solidarity Party Nominee: Peter Sonski campaign Other candidates Joe Schriner Constitution Party Convention Nominee: Randall Terry campaign VP nominee: Stephen Broden Other candidates Joel Skousen Independent American Party Nominee: Joel Skousen Legal Marijuana Now Party Primary Nominee: Dennis Schuller VP nominee: Rudy Reyes Other candidates Ed Forchion Krystal Gabel Rudy Reyes Vermin Supreme Liberal Party USA Nominee: Laura Ebke Pirate Party Nominee: Vermin Supreme Party Party Nominee: Robby Wells Party for Socialism & Liberation▌PFP · ▌SCW Nominee: Claudia De la Cruz campaign Socialist Equality Party Nominee: Joseph Kishore VP nominee: Jerry White Socialist Workers Party Nominee: Rachele Fruit Unity Party of America Nominee: Paul Noel Fiorino Other independent candidates Declared Shiva Ayyadurai Johnny Buss Joseph "Afroman" Foreman Tom Hoefling Taylor Marshall Emanuel Pastreich Withdrew Krist Novoselic Kanye West campaign positions
Disputes Controversies Republican Party efforts to disrupt the 2024 United States presidential election Election denial

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