What Does 2.4 Liter Mean In The Context Of An Engine?

If your car has 4 cylinders, then it has a has a total displacement of:

A car manufacturer would round that up and say that your car has a 3.3-liter engine. This means that the displacement of this particular engine is 3.3 liters. If you were to turn the crankshaft of this engine through two complete revolutions, the four pistons would inhale a total of 3.3 liters of air.

Advertisement

So why should you care, and why is there a sticker on the back of many cars telling you the engine's displacement? The displacement of the engine gives you some estimate of the maximum power that the engine can produce.

When you mix gasoline with air and burn it in an engine, you can only mix in so much gasoline. The amount of gasoline is limited by the amount of oxygen -- if you mixed in more gasoline, it would not matter because there would be no oxygen in the cylinder to burn it. The ratio is about 15 to 1 -- that's 15 parts air to one part gasoline, by weight. The displacement tells you the maximum amount of gasoline the engine can burn, and this controls the maximum power the engine can produce.

Of course, it is possible to create a 10-liter engine that has really bad performance. And it is also possible to create a 1-liter engine that is highly tweaked to give absolutely the best performance possible from the gasoline it receives. And these two engines could have the same horsepower rating even though one has 10 times more displacement than the other. As a general rule, though, a 10-liter engine should generate 10 times more power than a 1-liter engine if everything else is equal.

Here are several interesting links:

• How Car Engines Work
• How Horsepower Works
• How Champ Cars Work -- great section on race engines
• How do exhaust headers work to improve engine performance?
• What's the best way to increase an engine's power?

Advertisement