What's The Difference Between Veins And Arteries? - Britannica

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What’s the Difference Between Veins and Arteries? They want to pump you up (with blood). Ask Anything Homework Help Written by Melissa Petruzzello Melissa Petruzzello (she/her) is Assistant Managing Editor and covers plants, algae, fungi, insects, spiders, renewable energy and environmental engineering. She also handles certain topics in Christianity,... Melissa Petruzzello Fact-checked by Britannica Editors Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Britannica Editors Britannica AI Ask Anything Table of Contents Table of Contents Ask Anything

Veins and arteries are major players in the circulatory system of all vertebrates. They work together to transport blood throughout the body, helping to oxygenate and remove waste from every cell with each heartbeat. Arteries carry oxygenated blood from the heart, while veins carry oxygen-depleted blood back to the heart. An easy mnemonic is "A for ‘artery’ and ‘away’ (from the heart)." (The exceptions to this general rule are the pulmonary vessels. The pulmonary veins transport oxygenated blood back to the heart from the lungs, while the pulmonary arteries move deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.)

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As the vessels that are closest to the heart, arteries must contend with intense physical pressure from the blood moving forcibly through them. They pulse with each heartbeat (which is why your pulse is taken from an artery) and have thicker walls. Veins experience much less pressure but must contend with the forces of gravity to get blood from the extremities back to the heart. Many veins, especially those in the legs, have valves to prevent the backflow and pooling of blood. Although veins are often depicted as blue in medical diagrams and sometimes appear blue through pale skin, they are not actually blue in color. Light interacts with skin and deoxygenated blood, which is a darker shade of red, to reflect a blue tone. Veins seen during surgery or in cadavers look nearly identical to arteries.

Melissa Petruzzello