2254 - Gene ResultFGF9 Fibroblast Growth Factor 9 [ (human)] - NCBI

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Create FileAdd to ClipboardAdd to Collections FGF9 fibroblast growth factor 9 [ Homo sapiens (human) ] Gene ID: 2254, updated on 20-Feb-2026

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Gene Sequences (FASTA) Transcript sequences (FASTA) Protein sequences(FASTA)

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Summary

Go to the top of the page Help Official Symbol FGF9provided by HGNC Official Full Name fibroblast growth factor 9provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:3687 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000102678 MIM:600921; AllianceGenome:HGNC:3687 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as GAF; FGF-9; SYNS3; HBFG-9; HBGF-9 Summary The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family. FGF family members possess broad mitogenic and cell survival activities, and are involved in a variety of biological processes, including embryonic development, cell growth, morphogenesis, tissue repair, tumor growth and invasion. This protein was isolated as a secreted factor that exhibits a growth-stimulating effect on cultured glial cells. In nervous system, this protein is produced mainly by neurons and may be important for glial cell development. Expression of the mouse homolog of this gene was found to be dependent on Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling. Mice lacking the homolog gene displayed a male-to-female sex reversal phenotype, which suggested a role in testicular embryogenesis. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008] Expression Biased expression in kidney (RPKM 6.4), adrenal (RPKM 2.1) and 10 other tissues See more Orthologs all Try the new Gene page Try the new Transcripts and proteins table

Genomic context

Go to the top of the page Help See FGF9 in Genome Data Viewer Location: 13q12.11 Exon count: 4

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2025_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	13	NC_000013.11 (21671073..21704498)
RS_2025_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	13	NC_060937.1 (20865413..20898835)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	13	NC_000013.10 (22245212..22278637)

Chromosome 13 - NC_000013.11

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence: NC_000013.11 Chromosome 13 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly NG_016272.1 RefSeqGene NC_060937.1 Chromosome 13 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0 NC_000013.10 Chromosome 13 Reference GRCh37.p13 Primary Assembly

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

Go to the top of the page Help See details Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development RNA sequencing of total RNA from 20 human tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues

• Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
• Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
• BioProject: PRJNA270632
• Publication: PMID 26076956
• Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

1. Fibroblast growth factor 9 delivery during angiogenesis produces durable, vasoresponsive microvessels wrapped by smooth muscle cells. Frontini MJ, et al. Nat Biotechnol, 2011 May. PMID 21499246
2. Expression and mitogenic effect of fibroblast growth factor-9 in human endometriotic implant is regulated by aberrant production of estrogen. Wing LY, et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2003 Nov. PMID 14602803
3. Prostaglandin E2 induces fibroblast growth factor 9 via EP3-dependent protein kinase Cdelta and Elk-1 signaling. Chuang PC, et al. Mol Cell Biol, 2006 Nov. PMID 16982695, Free PMC Article
4. The Role of FGF9 in the Production of Neural Retina and RPE in a Pluripotent Stem Cell Model of Early Human Retinal Development. Gamm DM, et al. Am J Ophthalmol, 2019 Oct. PMID 31078532, Free PMC Article
5. Microsatellite in the 3' untranslated region of human fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9) gene exhibits pleiotropic effect on modulating FGF9 protein expression. Chen TM, et al. Hum Mutat, 2007 Jan. PMID 17154280

See all (111) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

1. Long non-coding RNA MEG3 knockdown represses airway smooth muscle cells proliferation and migration via sponging miR-143-3p/FGF9 in asthma. Title: Long non-coding RNA MEG3 knockdown represses airway smooth muscle cells proliferation and migration via sponging miR-143-3p/FGF9 in asthma.
2. Upregulation of FGF9 and NOVA1 in cancer-associated fibroblasts promotes cell proliferation, invasion and migration of triple negative breast cancer. Title: Upregulation of FGF9 and NOVA1 in cancer-associated fibroblasts promotes cell proliferation, invasion and migration of triple negative breast cancer.
3. FGF9 Promotes Expression of HAS2 in Palatal Elevation via the Wnt/beta-Catenin/TCF7L2 Pathway. Title: FGF9 Promotes Expression of HAS2 in Palatal Elevation via the Wnt/β-Catenin/TCF7L2 Pathway.
4. Fibroblast growth factor-9 expression in airway epithelial cells amplifies the type I interferon response and alters influenza A virus pathogenesis. Title: Fibroblast growth factor-9 expression in airway epithelial cells amplifies the type I interferon response and alters influenza A virus pathogenesis.
5. Downregulated exosome-associated gene FGF9 as a novel diagnostic and prognostic target for ovarian cancer and its underlying roles in immune regulation. Title: Downregulated exosome-associated gene FGF9 as a novel diagnostic and prognostic target for ovarian cancer and its underlying roles in immune regulation.
6. Upregulation of FGF9 in Lung Adenocarcinoma Transdifferentiation to Small Cell Lung Cancer. Title: Upregulation of FGF9 in Lung Adenocarcinoma Transdifferentiation to Small Cell Lung Cancer.
7. miR4865p suppresses gastric cancer cell growth and migration through downregulation of fibroblast growth factor 9. Title: miR‑486‑5p suppresses gastric cancer cell growth and migration through downregulation of fibroblast growth factor 9.
8. A novel heterozygous variant in FGF9 associated with previously unreported features of multiple synostosis syndrome 3. Title: A novel heterozygous variant in FGF9 associated with previously unreported features of multiple synostosis syndrome 3.
9. Identification of the third FGF9 variant in a girl with multiple synostosis-comparison of the genotype:phenotype of FGF9 variants in humans and mice. Title: Identification of the third FGF9 variant in a girl with multiple synostosis-comparison of the genotype:phenotype of FGF9 variants in humans and mice.
10. Downregulation of miR-499a-5p Predicts a Poor Prognosis of Patients With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Restrains the Tumorigenesis by Targeting Fibroblast Growth Factor 9. Title: Downregulation of miR-499a-5p Predicts a Poor Prognosis of Patients With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Restrains the Tumorigenesis by Targeting Fibroblast Growth Factor 9.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (72)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Associated conditions

Description	Tests
Multiple synostoses syndrome 3 MedGen: C2751826 OMIM: 612961 GeneReviews: Not available	Compare labs

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Genome-wide association analyses identify multiple loci associated with central corneal thickness and keratoconus.EBI GWAS CatalogEBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Genome-wide association study combining pathway analysis for typical sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in Chinese Han populations.EBI GWAS CatalogEBI GWAS CatalogPubMed

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Tat	tat	HIV-1 Tat downregulates the expression of fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9) in human primary T cells	PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

• RH48943 (e-PCR)
  • UniSTS:14343

• G43600 (e-PCR)
  • UniSTS:95037

• Fgf9 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
  • UniSTS:547902

• NoName (e-PCR)
  • UniSTS:482652

• STS-D14838 (e-PCR)
  • UniSTS:4523

• D13S143 (e-PCR)
  • UniSTS:147654

• D13S143 (e-PCR)
  • UniSTS:147655

• D13S1821 (e-PCR)
  • UniSTS:43989

• RH78332 (e-PCR)
  • UniSTS:27863

• Fgf9 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
  • UniSTS:258275

• STS-H24274 (e-PCR)
  • UniSTS:57583

• FGF9_1657 (e-PCR)
  • UniSTS:277238

Homology

• NCBI Orthologs
Orthologs from OrthoDB

Clone Names

• MGC119914, MGC119915

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables fibroblast growth factor receptor binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestormore info
enables growth factor activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestormore info
enables growth factor activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotationmore info
enables growth factor activity	TAS Traceable Author Statementmore info	PubMed
enables heparin binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotationmore info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in cell differentiation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotationmore info
involved_in cell-cell signaling	TAS Traceable Author Statementmore info	PubMed
involved_in eye development	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotationmore info
involved_in fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestormore info
acts_upstream_of_or_within fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interactionmore info	PubMed
involved_in male gonad development	IEP Inferred from Expression Patternmore info	PubMed
involved_in neurogenesis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestormore info
involved_in positive regulation of MAPK cascade	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestormore info
involved_in positive regulation of cell division	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotationmore info
involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestormore info
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of cell population proliferation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assaymore info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell migration	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similaritymore info
involved_in positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interactionmore info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similaritymore info
involved_in regulation of cell migration	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestormore info
involved_in signal transduction	TAS Traceable Author Statementmore info	PubMed
involved_in substantia nigra development	HEP more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestormore info
located_in extracellular region	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotationmore info
located_in extracellular region	TAS Traceable Author Statementmore info
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestormore info
located_in extracellular space	IDA Inferred from Direct Assaymore info	PubMed
located_in extracellular space	TAS Traceable Author Statementmore info	PubMed

General protein information

Go to the top of the page Help Preferred Names fibroblast growth factor 9 Names fibroblast growth factor 9 (glia-activating factor) heparin-binding growth factor 9

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

1. NG_016272.1 RefSeqGene

   Range 4998..38423 Download GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

1. NM_002010.3 → NP_002001.1  fibroblast growth factor 9 precursor

   See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_002001.1

   Status: REVIEWED

   Source sequence(s) AK290792, AL139378, CR746503, D14838 Consensus CDS CCDS9298.1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot A8K427, P31371, Q3SY32 UniProtKB/TrEMBL A0A7U3L6D0 Related ENSP00000371790.5, ENST00000382353.6 Conserved Domains (1) summary pfam00167Location:62 → 188 FGF; Fibroblast growth factor

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2025_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

This section includes genomic Reference Sequences (RefSeqs) from all assemblies on which this gene is annotated, such as RefSeqs for chromosomes and scaffolds (contigs) from both reference and alternate assemblies. Model RNAs and proteins are also reported here.

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

1. NC_000013.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

   Range 21671073..21704498 Download GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

1. XM_011534996.3 → XP_011533298.1  fibroblast growth factor 9 isoform X1

   Conserved Domains (1) summary smart00442Location:40 → 140 FGF; Acidic and basic fibroblast growth factor family

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

1. NC_060937.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

   Range 20865413..20898835 Download GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

1. XM_054374221.1 → XP_054230196.1  fibroblast growth factor 9 isoform X1

Related sequences

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Nucleotide		Protein
Heading	Accession and Version

Protein Accession	Links
	GenPept Link	UniProtKB Link
P31371.3	GenPept	UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P31371

Additional links

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Locus-specific Databases

• FGF9 database

Gene LinkOut

The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

Chemical Information

• Interologous Interaction Database
• Interologous Interaction Database
• MilliporeSigma
• FGF9 products

Molecular Biology Databases

• Bgee database
• FGF9 gene expression
• BioGPS
• BioGPS
• BioGRID Open Repository of CRISPR Screens (ORCS)
• BioGRID CRISPR Screen Phenotypes (10 hits/1350 screens)
• Eukaryotic Promoter Database
• FGF9_1
• GlyGen glycoinformatics resource
• GlyGen glycoinformatics resource
• Human Gene Mutation Database
• Human Gene Mutation Database
• Human eFP Browser
• Human eFP Browser
• Human eFP Browser
• Human eFP Browser
• Ingenuity Pathways Analysis
• Ingenuity Pathways Analysis
• InnateDB
• InnateDB
• InterMine
• InterMine
• Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
• Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
• OMA Browser: Orthologous MAtrix
• OMA Browser: Orthologous MAtrix
• OrthoDB catalog of orthologs
• Orthologs
• Pharmacogenomics Knowledge Base
• Annotated Pharmacogenomic Information for FGF9 [ClinPGx]
• PhosphoSitePlus
• PhosphoSitePlus® - comprehensive post-translational modification resource
• The Gene Wiki
• The Gene Wiki
• The Weizmann Institute of Science GeneCards and MalaCards databases
• GeneCard for FGF9

Research Materials

• Addgene Non-profit plasmid repository
• Get Plasmids - Addgene
• Bio-Techne
• FGF-9 Proteins
• FGF-9 Antibodies
• FGF-9 Lysates
• Creative Biogene
• fibroblast growth factor 9
• ExactAntigen/Labome
• reagent review
• reagents
• GenScript latest version of gene cDNA ORF Clone
• GenScript latest version of gene cDNA ORF Clone
• GeneCopoeia Inc.
• Order TALEN/CRISPR clones
• Order miRNA target clones
• Order full-length ORF clone
• GeneTex Inc
• Find Quality Antibodies
• Find Recombinant Proteins and Peptides
• OriGene Technologies
• Order GeneID 2254 cDNA Clone|Lysate|Protein|Antibody|RNAi

Tools

• GeneMANIA
• GeneMANIA

Miscellaneous

• Reactome
• Reactome Event:Signal Transduction
• Reactome Event:Disease
• Reactome Entity:P31371

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Supplemental Content

Table of contents

• Summary
• Genomic context
• Genomic regions, transcripts, and products
• Expression
• Bibliography
• Phenotypes
• Variation
• HIV-1 interactions
• Pathways from PubChem
• Interactions
• General gene information Markers, Clone Names, Homology, Gene Ontology
• General protein information
• NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)
• Related sequences
• Additional links Locus-specific Databases

Genome Browsers

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Related information

• 3D structures 3D structure of a gene
• BioAssay by Target (List) BioAssays related to the gene by protein target or RNAi target
• BioAssay by Target (Summary) Summarized PubChem Data on the gene, showing the active data by default
• BioAssay, by Gene target PubChem BioAssays done on the Gene target
• BioAssays, RNAi Target, Active BioAssays that contain the gene as the target of a RNAi reagent, which is identified as a hit in a RNAi screening and flagged as "active" in the corresponding BioAssay record
• BioAssays, RNAi Target, Tested BioAssays that contain the gene as the target of a RNAi reagent
• ClinVar Related medical variations
• Conserved Domains Related CDD
• dbVar Link from Gene to dbVar
• Full text in PMC PMC links
• Gene neighbors Overlapping genes and two nearest non-overlapping genes on either side
• Genome Related Genome
• GEO Profiles Related GEO
• GTR Tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry
• MedGen Related information in MedGen
• Nucleotide Link to related Nucleotide entry
• OMIM Link to related OMIM entry
• Protein Link to related protein entry
• PubChem Compound PubChem Compounds
• PubChem Substance PubChem Substances
• PubMed Link to related PubMed entry
• PubMed (GeneRIF) Link to related PubMed article from GeneRIFs
• PubMed (OMIM) Gene links to PubMed derived from omim_pubmed_cited links
• RefSeq Proteins Link to Protein RefSeqs
• RefSeq RNAs Link to Nucleotide RefSeq RNAs
• RefSeqGene Link to Nucleotide RefSeqGenes
• Related gene-specific medical variations Related medical variations
• SNP Related SNP records
• Taxonomy Link to related taxonomy entry

Links to other resources

• HGNC
• Ensembl
• AllianceGenome
• AceView
• FGF9 database
• PharmGKB
• UCSC
• HuGE Navigator
• KEGG
• Reactome

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