Appendix:Sumerian Swadesh List - Wiktionary

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• 2 List
• 3 See also
• 4 Bibliography

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This is a Swadesh list of words in Sumerian, compared with definitions in English.

Presentation

[edit] For further information, read the article: Swadesh list

The Swadesh word list, developed by the linguist w:Morris Swadesh, is used as a tool to study the evolution of languages. It contains a set of basic words which can be found in every language. Various versions have been created, in particular:

• a complete 207 words version, in which some of the words are not found in every environment (it contains for instance snake and snow)
• a reduced 100 words version.

This word list should not be considered as an elementary lexicon to communicate with speakers of a given language; for such a purpose, the numerous existing Wikivoyage lexicons are more useful. Its only objective is to give a rough idea of the language, by showing its lexical and, when possible, phonetics basis.

List

[edit]

No.	English	Sumerian𒅴𒂠 (EME.ĜIR15)
1	I	ĝae, ĝe
2	you (singular)	zae, ze
3	he, she, it	ane, ene
4	we	menden
5	you (plural)	menzen, zaemenzen, zaenzen
6	they	anene, enene
7	this	nen, ne
8	that	re
9	here	gu'e
10	there	gure
11	who	aba
12	what	ana, ta
13	where	mea, me, ma
14	when	menam
15	how	anagin, tagin
16	not	nu
17	all	du
18	many	i'iz
19	some
20	few
21	other	balare
22	one	aš, diš, did
23	two	min
24	three	eš, peš
25	four	limmu
26	five	ya
27	big	gal
28	long	sud4, gíd[BU]
29	wide	peš, dangal
30	thick	kul
31	heavy	dugud, kul
32	small	gi17, tur
33	short	gud8
34	narrow	sig
35	thin	gi17
36	woman	mu10, munus, géme
37	man (adult male)	na, lú
38	man (human being)	erim, lú
39	child	dumu, tur
40	wife	dam
41	husband	dam, ngitlam
42	mother	ama
43	father	ada, pab
44	animal	ning-úr-limmu (quadruped)
45	fish	ku6
46	bird	mušen, hu
47	dog	ur
48	louse	uh3
49	snake	muš, ušum
50	worm	mar
51	tree	ngiš
52	forest	tir
53	stick	ngiš
54	fruit	gurun
55	seed	a
56	leaf	(ngiš)pa
57	root	(ngiš) i-ri9-na
58	bark (of a tree)
59	flower	ul, gi-rin
60	grass	ú
61	rope	éše
62	skin	su
63	meat	uzu, su
64	blood	úš, múd, ùri
65	bone	(ngiš)gag
66	fat (noun)	ìa
67	egg	nuz
68	horn	si
69	tail	kun
70	feather	(ngiš)pa
71	hair	siki
72	head	sang, ugu
73	ear	ngeštug
74	eye	igi
75	nose	kiri3,4
76	mouth	ka
77	tooth	zu
78	tongue (organ)	eme
79	fingernail	umbin
80	foot	ngìri
81	leg	pah[LUL], úr
82	knee	(ngiš)gag
83	hand	buzur, šu
84	wing	(ngiš)pa
85	belly	hašbar
86	guts	šag4
87	neck	gú
88	back	háš
89	breast	gaba
90	heart	ur5HAR, šà, lipiš
91	liver	bà, ur5HAR
92	to drink	nang
93	to eat	gu7
94	to bite	zú-gub
95	to suck	sub
96	to spit	zug4
97	to vomit	buru8
98	to blow	ru
99	to breathe	zi
100	to laugh	išiš2,3
101	to see	igi
102	to hear	ngeštug
103	to know	zu
104	to think	ngeštug
105	to smell	hab2, ir10
106	to fear	ní
107	to sleep	ù
108	to live	sig7
109	to die	ug4,5,7,8
110	to kill	ug4,5,7,8
111	to fight	du14
112	to hunt	taka
113	to hit	ra
114	to cut	kud, tar, ša5
115	to split	dar
116	to stab	ra
117	to scratch	hur
118	to dig	bal
119	to swim
120	to fly	dal
121	to walk	du
122	to come	du
123	to lie (as in a bed)	ku, nud
124	to sit	suš
125	to stand	gub
126	to turn (intransitive)	gur
127	to fall	šub
128	to give	ba, ru
129	to hold	da
130	to squeeze	hir[KEŠDA]
131	to rub	sub
132	to wash	tu5,17
133	to wipe	sub
134	to pull	rig
135	to push	taka
136	to throw	ri
137	to tie	dab2,4,5
138	to sew	bulug
139	to count	šita5
140	to say	ég, bi
141	to sing	mud6, tuš
142	to play	ešemen2,3
143	to float	dirig
144	to flow	zal
145	to freeze	halba2,3
146	to swell	mah
147	sun	ud
148	moon	iti, itud
149	star	ul, mul
150	water	a
151	rain	im
152	river	id, ída
153	lake	ab, aba
154	sea	ab, aba, nab
155	salt	mun
156	stone	na4
157	sand	sahar
158	dust	ukum
159	earth	ki
160	cloud	imi, muru9, dugud
161	fog	muru9
162	sky	an
163	wind	líl
164	snow	šeg,8,9
165	ice	šeg8,9
166	smoke	i-bí
167	fire	izi
168	ash	dé
169	to burn	tab, bil
170	road	a-rá, sila3
171	mountain	kur, iši
172	red	sa-sa
173	green	sig7
174	yellow	sig7
175	white	kug
176	black	gíg
177	night	ngi6
178	day	u4
179	year	mu
180	warm	kúm
181	cold	ten
182	full	éšša
183	new	gibil
184	old	ul, libir
185	good	dùg
186	bad	hul
187	rotten	hab2, sungin
188	dirty	pe-el-lá
189	straight
190	round	ninda
191	sharp (as a knife)	kizurra
192	dull (as a knife)
193	smooth
194	wet	lah
195	dry	háda
196	correct	gi-na
197	near	da
198	far	ta, sud
199	right	zi-da
200	left	gùb-bu
201	at	da
202	in	a
203	with	gada
204	and	ga
205	if	tukum, tukumbi, ud
206	because	mu
207	name	mu

See also

[edit]

• Appendix:Sumerian basic vocabulary from Kassian (2014)
• Sumerian on Wikipedia

Bibliography

[edit]

• Sumerian Lexicon by John A. O'Halloran

Swadesh lists view or edit this boxIndividual languages

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Constructed languages

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Reconstructed proto-languages

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• Proto-Yeniseian

Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Appendix:Sumerian_Swadesh_list&oldid=84385200" Categories:

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