Béthune - Wikipedia

"Bethune" redirects here. For other uses, see Bethune (disambiguation). Subprefecture and commune in Hauts-de-France, France

Béthune
Subprefecture and commune
Grand Place with the belfry on the left and the Hôtel de Ville on the right
Coat of arms
Location of Béthune
BéthuneShow map of FranceBéthuneShow map of Hauts-de-France
Coordinates: 50°31′49″N 2°38′27″E / 50.5303°N 2.6408°E / 50.5303; 2.6408
Country	France
Region	Hauts-de-France
Department	Pas-de-Calais
Arrondissement	Béthune
Canton	Béthune
Intercommunality	CA Béthune-Bruay, Artois-Lys Romane
Government
• Mayor (2020–2026)	Olivier Gacquerre[1]
Area1	9.43 km2 (3.64 sq mi)
Population (2021)[2]	24,992
• Density	2,700/km2 (6,900/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+01:00 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code	62119 /62400
Elevation	18–42 m (59–138 ft) (avg. 26 m or 85 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Béthune (French pronunciation: [betyn] ⓘ ; archaic Dutch: Betun and Bethwyn historically in English) is a town in northern France, sub-prefecture of the Pas-de-Calais department.[3]

Geography

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Béthune is located in the former province of Artois. It is situated 73 kilometres (45 miles) south-east of Calais, 33 kilometres (21 miles) west of Lille, and 186 kilometres (116 miles) north of Paris.

Landmarks

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Béthune is a town rich in architectural heritage and history. It has, among other features, a large paved square with shops, cafés, and a 47-metre-tall (154 ft) (133 steps) belfry standing in the center from the top of which the Belgian border can be seen. The chime of the belfry is composed of thirty-six bells. A belfry (French:"beffroi") has stood on the site since 1346.[4] The current belfry plays melodies every 15 minutes, including the ch'ti (regional patois) children's lullaby "min p'tit quinquin" (my little darling).[5] In 2005, the belfry was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List as part of the Belfries of Belgium and France site, because of its architecture and testimony to the rise of municipal power in Europe.[6]

History

[edit]

Hugh Hastings (died 1347), King Edward III of England's captain and lieutenant in Flanders, mounted an attack and laid siege to Béthune, with a combined English and Flemish force, during a diversionary raid as part of Chevauchée of Edward III of 1346. The Flemish component proved undisciplined and the siege was abandoned in failure before the end of August.[7]

During the War of the Spanish Succession in July–August 1710, Béthune was besieged by forces of the Grand Alliance. The town eventually surrendered after a vigorous defence conducted by Antoine de Vauban (1654–1731), a relative of the famous military engineer Vauban.[8]

In World War I, Béthune was an important railway junction and command centre for the British Canadian Corps and Indian Expeditionary Force, as well as the 33rd Casualty Station until December 1917. It initially suffered little damage until the second phase of the Ludendorff Offensive in April 1918, when German forces reached Locon, 5 km (3 mi) away. On 21 May, a bombardment destroyed large parts of the town, killing more than 100 civilians.[9] Over 3,200 casualties are buried in Béthune Town Cemetery, the Commonwealth section of which was designed by Edwin Lutyens; the majority are British (2,933) or Canadian (55), the remainder German.[10]

Rebuilt after the war (the rebuilding of the Hôtel de Ville was completed in 1929),[11] Béthune was badly damaged once more by air attacks and house to house fighting on 24–26 May 1940 when it was captured by the SS Panzer Division Totenkopf. The Totenkopf suffered heavy casualties and anger at their losses allegedly played a role in the Le Paradis massacre on 27 May, when 97 members of the Royal Norfolk Regiment were shot after surrendering.[12] During the war, many townspeople were deported to work in Germany; the town was officially liberated on 4 September 1944.[13]

Transport

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Béthune station has seven daily TGV trains to Paris, a journey which takes 1 hour 15 minutes. There are also regular trains to Lille, Amiens, Dunkerque and several regional destinations.

Béthune is served by the Lens-Béthune bus network.

By car, Béthune is accessible from the A26 which intersects the A1 (Lille to Paris) 42 kilometres (26 miles) to the south-east. By road, it is 2 hours 30 minutes from Paris, 1 hour from Calais, 30 minutes from Arras and 40 minutes from Lille. By using the Channel Tunnel and the A26, Béthune is 3 hours 30 minutes from London and 6 hours 45 minutes from Manchester. Using road connections on mainland Europe it is nearly 2 hours from Brussels, 3 hours from Aix-La-Chapelle, 3 hours from Cologne, 8 hours 30 minutes from Berlin and 3 hours 30 minutes from Amsterdam.

Population

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The inhabitants are called Béthunois.

Historical population

Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1793 6,932 —     1800 6,046 −1.93% 1806 6,379 +0.90% 1821 6,319 −0.06% 1831 6,889 +0.87% 1836 6,805 −0.25% 1841 7,448 +1.82% 1846 7,727 +0.74% 1851 7,692 −0.09% 1856 7,720 +0.07% 1861 8,264 +1.37% 1866 8,178 −0.21% 1872 8,410 +0.47% 1876 9,315 +2.59% 1881 10,374 +2.18% 1886 10,917 +1.03% 1891 11,098 +0.33% 1896 11,627 +0.94%	Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1901 12,404 +1.30% 1906 13,607 +1.87% 1911 15,309 +2.39% 1921 16,795 +0.93% 1926 20,141 +3.70% 1931 19,956 −0.18% 1936 20,073 +0.12% 1946 22,081 +0.96% 1954 22,376 +0.17% 1962 23,445 +0.59% 1968 27,154 +2.48% 1975 26,982 −0.09% 1982 25,508 −0.80% 1990 24,556 −0.47% 1999 27,808 +1.39% 2007 25,982 −0.85% 2012 25,694 −0.22% 2017 24,895 −0.63%
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org.
Source: EHESS[14] and INSEE (1968–2017)[15]

Notable people

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Béthune was the birthplace of:

• Jean Buridan, philosopher
• Antoine Busnois, composer and poet of the early Renaissance
• Jérôme Leroy, former captain of RC Lens and current FC Sochaux midfielder in France
• Pierre de Manchicourt, Renaissance composer
• Nicolas Fauvergue, footballer
• Thomas Crecquillon, the Renaissance composer, probably died here.
• Tristan Charpentier, racing driver

Béthune is also associated with the following historic personalities:

• Maximilien de Béthune, duc de Sully, general and statesman
• Conon de Béthune, crusader and trouvère poet

Sport

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Stade Béthunois Football Club represent Béthune and was formed in 1902.[16] They currently play in Nord-Pas-de-Calais league.

Twin towns and sister cities

[edit] See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in France

Béthune is twinned with:

• Schwerte, Germany
• Hastings, United Kingdom since 1972.[17]
• Sully-sur-Loire, France
• Kortrijk, Belgium

Gallery

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See also

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• Communes of the Pas-de-Calais department

References

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1. ^ "Répertoire national des élus: les maires". data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises (in French). 2 December 2020.
2. ^ "Populations légales 2021" (in French). The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
3. ^ INSEE commune file
4. ^ "La ville de Béthune - Le beffroi de Béthune". Ville-bethune.fr. Archived from the original on 24 February 2010. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
5. ^ "Dors min petit quinquin - Chblog, le blog chti". Chblog.com. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
6. ^ "Belfries of Belgium and France". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
7. ^ Livingstone, Marilyn; Witzel, Morgen (2005). The Road to Crécy: The English Invasion of France, 1346. Harlow: Pearson Education. p. 143. ISBN 978-0582784208.
8. ^ Reeve, JPF (1986). "The Siege of Bethune 1710: The Journals of Private Deane and General Vauban Compared". Journal of the Society for Army Historical Research. 64 (260): 205–211. JSTOR 44226494.
9. ^ "Bethune; Monuments aux Mortes". Memoires de Pierre. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
10. ^ "Bethune; Monuments aux Mortes". Memoires de Pierre (in French). Retrieved 5 January 2019.
11. ^ Base Mérimée: PA62000040, Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)
12. ^ Jackson, Julian (2003). The Fall Of France: The Nazi Invasion of 1940 (Making of the Modern World). Oxford University Press, U.S.A. pp. 301–302. ISBN 978-0192805508.
13. ^ "Béthune en 1939-1945". Ajpn.org. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
14. ^ Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui: Commune data sheet Béthune, EHESS (in French).
15. ^ Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
16. ^ fr:Stade béthunois FC
17. ^ "British Towns Twinned with French Towns". Complete France. Retrieved 22 July 2021.

External links

[edit] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Béthune.

• Béthune city council website (in French)
• Béthune on Heritage Towns
• "Histoire de Béthune" (in French)

v t e Communes of the Pas-de-Calais department
Ablain-Saint-Nazaire Ablainzevelle Acheville Achicourt Achiet-le-Grand Achiet-le-Petit Acq Acquin-Westbécourt Adinfer Affringues Agnez-lès-Duisans Agnières Agny Aire-sur-la-Lys Airon-Notre-Dame Airon-Saint-Vaast Aix-en-Ergny Aix-en-Issart Aix-Noulette Alembon Alette Alincthun Allouagne Alquines Ambleteuse Ambricourt Ambrines Ames Amettes Amplier Andres Angres Annay Annequin Annezin Anvin Anzin-Saint-Aubin Ardres Arleux-en-Gohelle Arques Arraspref Athies Les Attaques Attin Aubigny-en-Artois Aubin-Saint-Vaast Aubrometz Auchel Auchy-au-Bois Auchy-lès-Hesdin Auchy-les-Mines Audembert Audincthun Audinghen Audrehem Audresselles Audruicq Aumerval Autingues Auxi-le-Château Averdoingt Avesnes Avesnes-le-Comte Avesnes-lès-Bapaume Avion Avondance Avroult Ayette Azincourt Bailleul-aux-Cornailles Bailleul-lès-Pernes Bailleulmont Bailleul-Sir-Berthoult Bailleulval Baincthun Bainghen Bajus Balinghem Bancourt Bapaume Baralle Barastre Barlin Barly Basseux Bavincourt Bayenghem-lès-Éperlecques Bayenghem-lès-Seninghem Bazinghen Béalencourt Beaudricourt Beaufort-Blavincourt Beaulencourt Beaumerie-Saint-Martin Beaumetz-lès-Aire Beaumetz-lès-Cambrai Beaumetz-lès-Loges Beaurains Beaurainville Beauvoir-Wavans Beauvois Bécourt Béhagnies Bellebrune Belle-et-Houllefort Bellinghem Bellonne Bénifontaine Berck Bergueneuse Berlencourt-le-Cauroy Berles-au-Bois Berles-Monchel Bermicourt Berneville Bernieulles Bertincourt Béthonsart Béthunesubpr Beugin Beugnâtre Beugny Beussent Beutin Beuvrequen Beuvry Bezinghem Biache-Saint-Vaast Biefvillers-lès-Bapaume Bienvillers-au-Bois Bihucourt Billy-Berclau Billy-Montigny Bimont Blairville Blangerval-Blangermont Blangy-sur-Ternoise Blendecques Bléquin Blessy Blingel Boffles Boiry-Becquerelle Boiry-Notre-Dame Boiry-Sainte-Rictrude Boiry-Saint-Martin Bois-Bernard Boisdinghem Boisjean Boisleux-au-Mont Boisleux-Saint-Marc Bomy Bonnières Bonningues-lès-Ardres Bonningues-lès-Calais Boubers-lès-Hesmond Boubers-sur-Canche Bouin-Plumoison Boulogne-sur-Mersubpr Bouquehault Bourecq Bouret-sur-Canche Bourlon Bournonville Bours Boursin Bourthes Bouvelinghem Bouvigny-Boyeffles Boyaval Boyelles Brebières Brêmes Brévillers Bréxent-Énocq Brias Brimeux Bruay-la-Buissière Brunembert Bucquoy Buire-au-Bois Buire-le-Sec Buissy Bullecourt Bully-les-Mines Buneville Burbure Bus Busnes Caffiers Cagnicourt Calaissubpr Calonne-Ricouart Calonne-sur-la-Lys La Calotterie Camblain-Châtelain Camblain-l'Abbé Cambligneul Cambrin Camiers Campagne-lès-Boulonnais Campagne-lès-Guines Campagne-lès-Hesdin Campagne-lès-Wardrecques Campigneulles-les-Grandes Campigneulles-les-Petites Canettemont Canlers Capelle-Fermont La Capelle-lès-Boulogne Capelle-lès-Hesdin Carency Carly Carvin La Cauchie Cauchy-à-la-Tour Caucourt Caumont Cavron-Saint-Martin Chelers Chériennes Chérisy Chocques Clairmarais Clenleu Clerques Cléty Colembert Colline-Beaumont La Comté Conchil-le-Temple Conchy-sur-Canche Condette Contes Conteville-en-Ternois Conteville-lès-Boulogne Coquelles Corbehem Cormont Couin Coullemont Coulogne Coulomby Coupelle-Neuve Coupelle-Vieille Courcelles-le-Comte Courcelles-lès-Lens Courrières Courset La Couture Couturelle Coyecques Crémarest Crépy Créquy Croisette Croisilles Croix-en-Ternois Cucq Cuinchy Dainville Dannes Delettes Denier Dennebrœucq Desvres Diéval Divion Dohem Douchy-lès-Ayette Doudeauville Dourges Douriez Douvrin Drocourt Drouvin-le-Marais Duisans Dury Echinghen Éclimeux Écoivres Écourt-Saint-Quentin Écoust-Saint-Mein Ecquedecques Ecques Écuires Écurie Éleu-dit-Leauwette Elnes Embry Enquin-lez-Guinegatte Enquin-sur-Baillons Éperlecques Épinoy Eps Équihen-Plage Équirre Ergny Érin Erny-Saint-Julien Ervillers Escalles Escœuilles Esquerdes Essars Estevelles Estrée Estrée-Blanche Estrée-Cauchy Estrée-Wamin Estréelles Étaing Étaples Éterpigny Étrun Évin-Malmaison Famechon Fampoux Farbus Fauquembergues Favreuil Febvin-Palfart Ferfay Ferques Festubert Feuchy Ficheux Fiefs Fiennes Fillièvres Fléchin Flers Fleurbaix Fleury Floringhem Foncquevillers Fontaine-lès-Boulans Fontaine-lès-Croisilles Fontaine-lès-Hermans Fontaine-l'Étalon Fortel-en-Artois Fosseux Foufflin-Ricametz Fouquereuil Fouquières-lès-Béthune Fouquières-lès-Lens Framecourt Frémicourt Frencq Fresnes-lès-Montauban Fresnicourt-le-Dolmen Fresnoy Fresnoy-en-Gohelle Fressin Fréthun Frévent Frévillers Frévin-Capelle Fruges Galametz Gauchin-Légal Gauchin-Verloingt Gaudiempré Gavrelle Gennes-Ivergny Givenchy-en-Gohelle Givenchy-le-Noble Givenchy-lès-la-Bassée Gomiécourt Gommecourt Gonnehem Gosnay Gouves Gouy-en-Artois Gouy-en-Ternois Gouy-Saint-André Gouy-Servins Gouy-sous-Bellonne Graincourt-lès-Havrincourt Grand-Rullecourt Grenay Grévillers Grigny Grincourt-lès-Pas Groffliers Guarbecque Guémappe Guemps Guigny Guinecourt Guînes Guisy Habarcq Haillicourt Haisnes Halinghen Hallines Halloy Ham-en-Artois Hamblain-les-Prés Hamelincourt Hames-Boucres Hannescamps Haplincourt Haravesnes Hardinghen Harnes Haucourt Haute-Avesnes Hautecloque Hauteville Haut-Loquin Havrincourt Hébuterne Helfaut Hendecourt-lès-Cagnicourt Hendecourt-lès-Ransart Hénin-Beaumont Hénin-sur-Cojeul Héninel Henneveux Hénu Herbinghen Héricourt La Herlière Herlincourt Herlin-le-Sec Herly Hermaville Hermelinghen Hermies Hermin Hernicourt Hersin-Coupigny Hervelinghen Hesdigneul-lès-Béthune Hesdigneul-lès-Boulogne Hesdin Hesdin-l'Abbé Hesmond Hestrus Heuchin Heuringhem Hézecques Hinges Hocquinghen Houchin Houdain Houlle Houvin-Houvigneul Hubersent Huby-Saint-Leu Huclier Hucqueliers Hulluch Humbercamps Humbert Humerœuille Humières Inchy-en-Artois Incourt Inxent Isbergues Isques Ivergny Izel-lès-Équerchin Izel-lès-Hameau Journy Labeuvrière Labourse Labroye Lacres Lagnicourt-Marcel Laires Lambres Landrethun-le-Nord Landrethun-lès-Ardres Lapugnoy Lattre-Saint-Quentin Laventie Lebiez Lebucquière Léchelle Ledinghem Lefaux Leforest Lenssubpr Lépine Lespesses Lespinoy Lestrem Leubringhen Leulinghem Leulinghen-Bernes Libercourt Licques Liencourt Lières Liettres Liévin Lignereuil Ligny-lès-Aire Ligny-Saint-Flochel Ligny-sur-Canche Ligny-Thilloy Lillers Linghem Linzeux Lisbourg Locon La Loge Loison-sous-Lens Loison-sur-Créquoise Longfossé Longuenesse Longueville Longvilliers Loos-en-Gohelle Lorgies Lottinghen Louches Lozinghem Lugy Lumbres La Madelaine-sous-Montreuil Magnicourt-en-Comte Magnicourt-sur-Canche Maintenay Maisnil Maisnil-lès-Ruitz Maisoncelle Maizières Mametz Manin Maninghem Maninghen-Henne Marant Marck Marconne Marconnelle Marenla Maresquel-Ecquemicourt Marest Maresville Marles-les-Mines Marles-sur-Canche Marœuil Marquay Marquion Marquise Martinpuich Matringhem Mazingarbe Mazinghem Mencas Menneville Mentque-Nortbécourt Mercatel Merck-Saint-Liévin Méricourt Merlimont Metz-en-Couture Meurchin Mingoval Moncheaux-lès-Frévent Monchel-sur-Canche Monchiet Monchy-au-Bois Monchy-Breton Monchy-Cayeux Monchy-le-Preux Mondicourt Mont-Bernanchon Montcavrel Montenescourt Montigny-en-Gohelle Montreuil-sur-Mersubpr Mont-Saint-Éloi Monts-en-Ternois Morchies Moringhem Morval Mory Moulle Mouriez Moyenneville Muncq-Nieurlet Nabringhen Nédon Nédonchel Nempont-Saint-Firmin Nesles Neufchâtel-Hardelot Neulette Neuve-Chapelle Neuville-au-Cornet Neuville-Bourjonval Neuville-Saint-Vaast Neuville-sous-Montreuil Neuville-Vitasse Neuvireuil Nielles-lès-Ardres Nielles-lès-Bléquin Nielles-lès-Calais Nœux-lès-Auxi Nœux-les-Mines Nordausques Noreuil Norrent-Fontes Nortkerque Nort-Leulinghem Nouvelle-Église Noyelles-Godault Noyelles-lès-Humières Noyelles-lès-Vermelles Noyelles-sous-Bellonne Noyelles-sous-Lens Noyellette Noyelle-Vion Nuncq-Hautecôte Oblinghem Œuf-en-Ternois Offekerque Offin Offrethun Oignies Oisy-le-Verger Oppy Orville Ostreville Ourton Outreau Ouve-Wirquin Oye-Plage Palluel Le Parcq Parenty Pas-en-Artois Pelves Penin Pernes Pernes-lès-Boulogne Peuplingues Pierremont Pihem Pihen-lès-Guînes Pittefaux Planques Plouvain Polincove Pommera Pommier Le Ponchel Pont-à-Vendin Le Portel Prédefin Pressy Preures Pronville-en-Artois Puisieux Quéant Quelmes Quercamps Quernes Le Quesnoy-en-Artois Quesques Questrecques Quiéry-la-Motte Quiestède Quilen Quœux-Haut-Maînil Racquinghem Radinghem Ramecourt Rang-du-Fliers Ransart Raye-sur-Authie Rebergues Rebreuve-Ranchicourt Rebreuve-sur-Canche Rebreuviette Reclinghem Récourt Recques-sur-Course Recques-sur-Hem Regnauville Rely Remilly-Wirquin Rémy Renty Rety Richebourg Riencourt-lès-Bapaume Riencourt-lès-Cagnicourt Rimboval Rinxent Rivière Robecq Roclincourt Rocquigny Rodelinghem Roëllecourt Rœux Rollancourt Rombly Roquetoire Rougefay Roussent Rouvroy Royon Ruisseauville Ruitz Rumaucourt Rumilly Ruminghem Ruyaulcourt Sachin Sailly-au-Bois Sailly-en-Ostrevent Sailly-Labourse Sailly-sur-la-Lys Sains-en-Gohelle Sains-lès-Fressin Sains-lès-Marquion Sains-lès-Pernes Saint-Amand Saint-Aubin Saint-Augustin Saint-Denœux Sainte-Austreberthe Sainte-Catherine Sainte-Marie-Kerque Saint-Étienne-au-Mont Saint-Floris Saint-Folquin Saint-Georges Saint-Hilaire-Cottes Saint-Inglevert Saint-Josse Saint-Laurent-Blangy Saint-Léger Saint-Léonard Saint-Martin-Boulogne Saint-Martin-Choquel Saint-Martin-d'Hardinghem Saint-Martin-lez-Tatinghem Saint-Martin-sur-Cojeul Saint-Michel-sous-Bois Saint-Michel-sur-Ternoise Saint-Nicolas Saint-Omersubpr Saint-Omer-Capelle Saint-Pol-sur-Ternoise Saint-Rémy-au-Bois Saint-Tricat Saint-Venant Sallaumines Salperwick Samer Sangatte Sanghen Sapignies Le Sars Sars-le-Bois Sarton Sauchy-Cauchy Sauchy-Lestrée Saudemont Saulchoy Saulty Savy-Berlette Selles Sempy Seninghem Senlecques Senlis Séricourt Serques Servins Setques Sibiville Simencourt Siracourt Sombrin Sorrus Souastre Souchez Le Souich Surques Sus-Saint-Léger Tangry Tardinghen Teneur Ternas Thélus Thérouanne Thiembronne La Thieuloye Thièvres Tigny-Noyelle Tilloy-lès-Hermaville Tilloy-lès-Mofflaines Tilly-Capelle Tilques Tincques Tingry Tollent Torcy Tortefontaine Tortequesne Le Touquet-Paris-Plage Tournehem-sur-la-Hem Tramecourt Le Transloy Trescault Troisvaux Tubersent Vacquerie-le-Boucq Vacqueriette-Erquières Valhuon Vaudricourt Vaudringhem Vaulx Vaulx-Vraucourt Vélu Vendin-lès-Béthune Vendin-le-Vieil Verchin Verchocq Verlincthun Vermelles Verquigneul Verquin Verton Vieil-Hesdin Vieille-Chapelle Vieille-Église Vieil-Moutier Villers-au-Bois Villers-au-Flos Villers-Brûlin Villers-Châtel Villers-lès-Cagnicourt Villers-l'Hôpital Villers-Sir-Simon Vimy Vincly Violaines Vis-en-Artois Vitry-en-Artois Waben Wacquinghen Wail Wailly Wailly-Beaucamp Wambercourt Wamin Wancourt Wanquetin Wardrecques Warlencourt-Eaucourt Warlincourt-lès-Pas Warlus Warluzel Le Wast Wavrans-sur-l'Aa Wavrans-sur-Ternoise Westrehem Wicquinghem Widehem Wierre-au-Bois Wierre-Effroy Willeman Willencourt Willerval Wimereux Wimille Wingles Wirwignes Wismes Wisques Wissant Witternesse Wittes Wizernes Ytres Zoteux Zouafques Zudausques Zutkerque
pref: prefecture subpr: subprefecture

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