C5H12 + O2 = H2O + CO2 - Chemical Equation Balancer

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Balanced Chemical Equation

C5H12 + 8O2 → 6H2O + 5CO2 Reaction Info Balance Another Equation Thermodynamics Step-by-Step Solution Practice Balancing

Reaction Information

Word Equation

N-Pentane + Dioxygen = Water + Carbon Dioxide

C5H12 + O2 = H2O + CO2 is a Combustion reaction where one mole of N-Pentane [C5H12] and eight moles of Dioxygen [O2] react to form six moles of Water [H2O] and five moles of Carbon Dioxide [CO2]

Reaction Type

Combustion

Reactants

• N-Pentane - C5H12

  Pentane R-601 C5H12 Molar Mass C5H12 Oxidation Number

• Dioxygen - O2

  Lox Liquid Oxygen Oxygen Gas Triplet Oxygen Diatomic Oxygen Molecular Oxygen Oxygen O₂ O2 Molar Mass O2 Bond Polarity O2 Oxidation Number

Products

• Water - H2O

  Hydroxic Acid H₂O [Oh2] Aqua Pure Water Hydrogen Oxide Oxidane Dihydrogen Oxide H2O Molar Mass H2O Oxidation Number

• Carbon Dioxide - CO2

  Co₂ Carbon Oxide Methanedione Carbon-12 Dioxide Carbonic Acid Anhydride E290 E 290 E-290 CO2 Molar Mass CO2 Oxidation Number

Thermodynamics

Thermodynamics of the reaction can be calculated using a lookup table.

Choose Compound States CH3(CH2)3CH3 (g pentane)C5H12 O2 (g)O2 H2O (g)H2O (l)H2O CO2 (g)CO2 (aq undissoc)CO2 Change States Enthalpy Calculator

Is the Reaction Exothermic or Endothermic?

CH3(CH2)3CH3 (g pentane)	1 mol	-146.44 kJ/mol	146.44 kJ
O2 (g)	8 mol	0 kJ/mol	-0 kJ
H2O (g)	6 mol	-241.818464 kJ/mol	-1450.910784 kJ
CO2 (g)	5 mol	-393.5052 kJ/mol	-1967.526 kJ
ΣΔH°f(reactants)	-146.44 kJ
ΣΔH°f(products)	-3418.436784 kJ
ΔH°rxn	-3271.996784 kJ

ΣΔH°f(reactants) > ΣΔH°f(products), so C5H12 + O2 = H2O + CO2 is exothermic (releases heat). Entropy Calculator

Is the Reaction Exoentropic or Endoentropic?

ΔS = Sproducts - Sreactants. If ΔS < 0, it is exoentropic. If ΔS > 0, it is endoentropic.

CH3(CH2)3CH3 (g pentane)	1 mol	348.9456 J/(mol K)	-348.9456 J/K
O2 (g)	8 mol	205.028552 J/(mol K)	-1640.228416 J/K
H2O (g)	6 mol	188.715136 J/(mol K)	1132.290816 J/K
CO2 (g)	5 mol	213.67688 J/(mol K)	1068.3844 J/K
ΣΔS°(reactants)	1989.174016 J/K
ΣΔS°(products)	2200.675216 J/K
ΔS°rxn	211.5012 J/K

ΣΔS°(products) > ΣΔS°(reactants), so C5H12 + O2 = H2O + CO2 is endoentropic (increase in entropy). Gibbs Free Energy Calculator

Is the Reaction Exergonic or Endergonic?

ΔG = Gproducts - Greactants. If ΔG < 0, it is exergonic. If ΔG > 0, it is endergonic.

CH3(CH2)3CH3 (g pentane)	1 mol	-8.368 kJ/mol	8.368 kJ
O2 (g)	8 mol	0 kJ/mol	-0 kJ
H2O (g)	6 mol	-228.588656 kJ/mol	-1371.531936 kJ
CO2 (g)	5 mol	-394.38384 kJ/mol	-1971.9192 kJ
ΣΔG°(reactants)	-8.368 kJ
ΣΔG°(products)	-3343.451136 kJ
ΔG°rxn	-3335.083136 kJ

ΣΔG°(reactants) > ΣΔG°(products), so C5H12 + O2 = H2O + CO2 is exergonic (releases energy).

Reaction Expressions

Equilibrium Constant & Reaction Quotient Kc or Q = ( [H2O]6 [CO2]5 ) / ( [C5H12] [O2]8 )(assuming all reactants and products are aqueous. substitutue 1 for any solids/liquids, and Psubstance for gases.) Rate of Reaction rate = -(Δ[C5H12] / Δt) = -1/8 * (Δ[O2] / Δt) = 1/6 * (Δ[H2O] / Δt) = 1/5 * (Δ[CO2] / Δt)(assuming constant volume in a closed system and no accumulation of intermediates or side products) Calculate Reaction Stoichiometry Calculate Limiting Reagent Chemical Equation Balancer 🛠️ Balance Equation ➜

Instructions

To balance a chemical equation, enter an equation of a chemical reaction and press the Balance button. The balanced equation will appear above.

• Use uppercase for the first character in the element and lowercase for the second character. Examples: Fe, Au, Co, Br, C, O, N, F.
• Ionic charges are not yet supported and will be ignored.
• Replace immutable groups in compounds to avoid ambiguity. For example, C6H5C2H5 + O2 = C6H5OH + CO2 + H2O will not be balanced, but XC2H5 + O2 = XOH + CO2 + H2O will.
• Compound states [like (s) (aq) or (g)] are not required.
• You can use parenthesis () or brackets [].

How To Balance Equations

Balance any equation or reaction using this chemical equation balancer! Find out what type of reaction occured.

Read our article on how to balance chemical equations or ask for help in our chat.

Examples

• N-Pentane + Dioxygen = Water + Carbon Dioxide
• C5H12 + O2 + N2 = CO2 + H2O + N2
• C5H12 + O2 + N2 = CO2 + H2O + N2 + O2
• C5H12 + O2 + N2 = CO2 + H2O + NO
• C5H12 + O2 + N2 = CO2 + H2O + O2 + N2
• C5H12 + O2 + N2 = H2O + CO2 + N2
• C5H12 + O2 + O2 = CO2 + H2O
• C5H12 + O2 = C + CO + CO2 + H2O
• C5H12 + O2 = C + CO + H2O
• Na2SiO3 + LiNO3 = NaNO3 + Li2O3Si
• CU(NH3)4 + HNO3 = CU(NO3)2 + NH4NO3 + H2O
• CHNaO3 + BH3O3 = Na2B4O7 + H2O + CO2
• Si + HI = I4Si + H2
• Recently Balanced Equations

Balance C5H12 + O2 = H2O + CO2 Using the Algebraic Method

To balance the equation C5H12 + O2 = H2O + CO2 using the algebraic method step-by-step, you must have experience solving systems of linear equations. The most common methods are substitution/elimination and linear algebra, but any similar method will work.

Step 1: Label Each Compound With a Variable

Label each compound (reactant or product) in the equation with a variable to represent the unknown coefficients.

a C5H12 + b O2 = c H2O + d CO2

Step 2: Create a System of Equations

Create an equation for each element (C, H, O) where each term represents the number of atoms of the element in each reactant or product.

C: 5a + 0b = 0c + 1d H: 12a + 0b = 2c + 0d O: 0a + 2b = 1c + 2d

Step 3: Solve For All Variables

Use substitution, Gaussian elimination, or a calculator to solve for each variable.

Using Substitution or Elimination

• 5a - 1d = 0
• 12a - 2c = 0
• 2b - 1c - 2d = 0

Using Linear Systems / Algebra

Use your graphing calculator's rref() function (or an online rref calculator) to convert the following matrix into reduced row-echelon-form:

[ 5 0 0 -1 0] [ 12 0 -2 0 0] [ 0 2 -1 -2 0] The resulting matrix can be used to determine the coefficients. In the case of a single solution, the last column of the matrix will contain the coefficients. Convert to RREF and Solve Step-by-Step

Simplify the result to get the lowest, whole integer values.

• a = 1 (C5H12)
• b = 8 (O2)
• c = 6 (H2O)
• d = 5 (CO2)

Step 4: Substitute Coefficients and Verify Result

Count the number of atoms of each element on each side of the equation and verify that all elements and electrons (if there are charges/ions) are balanced.

C5H12 + 8 O2 = 6 H2O + 5 CO2

Reactants	Products
C	5	5	✔️
H	12	12	✔️
O	16	16	✔️

Since there is an equal number of each element in the reactants and products of C5H12 + 8O2 = 6H2O + 5CO2, the equation is balanced.

Balance C5H12 + O2 = H2O + CO2 Using Inspection

The law of conservation of mass states that matter cannot be created or destroyed, which means there must be the same number atoms at the end of a chemical reaction as at the beginning. To be balanced, every element in C5H12 + O2 = H2O + CO2 must have the same number of atoms on each side of the equation. When using the inspection method (also known as the trial-and-error method), this principle is used to balance one element at a time until both sides are equal and the chemical equation is balanced.

Step 1: Count the number of each element on the left and right hand sides

Reactants (Left Hand Side)			Products (Right Hand Side)
Reactants	Products
C5H12	O2	Total	H2O	CO2	Total
C	5	5	1	1	❌
H	12	12	2	2	❌
O	2	2	1	2	3	❌

Step 2: Multiply coefficients for compounds to balance out each element

For each element that is not equal, try to balance it by adding more of it to the side with less. Sometimes there may be multiple compounds with that element on one side, so you'll need to use your best judgement and be prepared to go back and try the other options.

1. C is not balanced. Add 4 molecules of CO2 to the product (right-hand) side to balance Carbon: C5H12 + O2 = H2O + 5CO2

   Reactants	Products
   C	5	5	✔️
   H	12	2	❌
   O	2	11	❌

2. H is not balanced. Add 5 molecules of H2O to the product (right-hand) side to balance Hydrogen: C5H12 + O2 = 6H2O + 5CO2

   Reactants	Products
   C	5	5	✔️
   H	12	12	✔️
   O	2	16	❌

3. O is not balanced. Add 7 molecules of O2 to the reactant (left-hand) side to balance Oxygen: C5H12 + 8O2 = 6H2O + 5CO2

   Reactants	Products
   C	5	5	✔️
   H	12	12	✔️
   O	16	16	✔️

Step 3: Verify that the equation is balanced

Since there are an equal number of atoms of each element on both sides, the equation is balanced.

C5H12 + 8O2 = 6H2O + 5CO2

Practice Balancing

C5H12 - + + O2 - + = H2O - + + CO2 - +

Reactants	Products
C	5	1	❌
H	12	2	❌
O	2	3	❌

Hint: The sum of the balanced coefficients is 20. See Step-By-Step Solution

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