C6H5Cl + HNO3 = C6H4ClNO2 + H2O - Chemical Equation Balancer

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Balanced Chemical Equation

C6H5Cl + HNO3 → C6H4ClNO2 + H2O Reaction Info Balance Another Equation Step-by-Step Solution Practice Balancing

Reaction Information Disclaimer

Word Equation

Chlorobenzene + Nitric Acid = O-Chloronitrobenzene + Water

C6H5Cl + HNO3 = C6H4ClNO2 + H2O is a Double Displacement (Metathesis) reaction where one mole of Chlorobenzene [C6H5Cl] and one mole of Nitric Acid [HNO3] react to form one mole of O-Chloronitrobenzene [C6H4ClNO2] and one mole of Water [H2O]

Reaction Type

Double Displacement (Metathesis)

Reactants

• Chlorobenzene - C6H5Cl

  Chloranylbenzene Phcl Monochlorobenzene Mcb Chlorobenzol Phenyl Chloride Benzene Chloride C6H5Cl Molar Mass C6H5Cl Oxidation Number

• Nitric Acid - HNO3

  Hono2 Hydrogen Nitrate Engravers Acid Aqua Fortis Fuming Nitric Acid Spirit Of Niter HNO3 Molar Mass HNO3 Oxidation Number

Products

• O-Chloronitrobenzene - C6H4ClNO2

  Ortho-Chloronitrobenzene 1-Chloro-2-Nitrobenzene

• Water - H2O

  Hydroxic Acid H₂O [Oh2] Aqua Pure Water Hydrogen Oxide Oxidane Dihydrogen Oxide H2O Molar Mass H2O Oxidation Number

Show Chemical Structure Image

Reaction Expressions

Equilibrium Constant & Reaction Quotient Kc or Q = ( [C6H4ClNO2] [H2O] ) / ( [C6H5Cl] [HNO3] )(assuming all reactants and products are aqueous. substitutue 1 for any solids/liquids, and Psubstance for gases.) Rate of Reaction rate = -(Δ[C6H5Cl] / Δt) = -(Δ[HNO3] / Δt) = (Δ[C6H4ClNO2] / Δt) = (Δ[H2O] / Δt)(assuming constant volume in a closed system and no accumulation of intermediates or side products) Calculate Reaction Stoichiometry Calculate Limiting Reagent Chemical Equation Balancer 🛠️ Balance Equation ➜

Instructions

To balance a chemical equation, enter an equation of a chemical reaction and press the Balance button. The balanced equation will appear above.

• Use uppercase for the first character in the element and lowercase for the second character. Examples: Fe, Au, Co, Br, C, O, N, F.
• Ionic charges are not yet supported and will be ignored.
• Replace immutable groups in compounds to avoid ambiguity. For example, C6H5C2H5 + O2 = C6H5OH + CO2 + H2O will not be balanced, but XC2H5 + O2 = XOH + CO2 + H2O will.
• Compound states [like (s) (aq) or (g)] are not required.
• You can use parenthesis () or brackets [].

How To Balance Equations

Balance any equation or reaction using this chemical equation balancer! Find out what type of reaction occured.

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Examples

• Chlorobenzene + Nitric Acid = O-Chloronitrobenzene + Water
• C6H5Cl + HNO3 + H2SO4 = ClC6H4NO2 + H2O + H2SO4
• C6H5Cl + HNO3 = C6H3(NO2)2Cl + H2O
• C6H5Cl + HNO3 = C6H3Cl(NO2)2 + H2O
• C6H5Cl + HNO3 = C6H3ClN2O4 + H2O
• C6H5Cl + HNO3 = C6H3N2O4Cl + H2O
• C6H5Cl + HNO3 = C6H3N3O7 + H2O + HCl
• C6H5Cl + HNO3 = C6H3N3O7 + HCl + H2O
• C6H5Cl + HNO3 = C6H4(NO2)Cl + H2O
• POCl3 + H2O = H2 + Cl2 + H3PO4
• NaIO3 + H2S = NaI + S + H2O
• KNO3 + H = NH3 + HKO + H2O
• MgCl2 + Na2SO3 = MgO3S + NaCl
• Recently Balanced Equations

Balance C6H5Cl + HNO3 = C6H4ClNO2 + H2O Using the Algebraic Method

To balance the equation C6H5Cl + HNO3 = C6H4ClNO2 + H2O using the algebraic method step-by-step, you must have experience solving systems of linear equations. The most common methods are substitution/elimination and linear algebra, but any similar method will work.

Step 1: Label Each Compound With a Variable

Label each compound (reactant or product) in the equation with a variable to represent the unknown coefficients.

a C6H5Cl + b HNO3 = c C6H4ClNO2 + d H2O

Step 2: Create a System of Equations

Create an equation for each element (C, H, Cl, N, O) where each term represents the number of atoms of the element in each reactant or product.

C: 6a + 0b = 6c + 0d H: 5a + 1b = 4c + 2d Cl: 1a + 0b = 1c + 0d N: 0a + 1b = 1c + 0d O: 0a + 3b = 2c + 1d

Step 3: Solve For All Variables

Use substitution, Gaussian elimination, or a calculator to solve for each variable.

Using Substitution or Elimination

• 6a - 6c = 0
• 5a + 1b - 4c - 2d = 0
• 1a - 1c = 0
• 1b - 1c = 0
• 3b - 2c - 1d = 0

Using Linear Systems / Algebra

Use your graphing calculator's rref() function (or an online rref calculator) to convert the following matrix into reduced row-echelon-form:

[ 6 0 -6 0 0] [ 5 1 -4 -2 0] [ 1 0 -1 0 0] [ 0 1 -1 0 0] [ 0 3 -2 -1 0] The resulting matrix can be used to determine the coefficients. In the case of a single solution, the last column of the matrix will contain the coefficients. Convert to RREF and Solve Step-by-Step

Simplify the result to get the lowest, whole integer values.

• a = 1 (C6H5Cl)
• b = 1 (HNO3)
• c = 1 (C6H4ClNO2)
• d = 1 (H2O)

Step 4: Substitute Coefficients and Verify Result

Count the number of atoms of each element on each side of the equation and verify that all elements and electrons (if there are charges/ions) are balanced.

C6H5Cl + HNO3 = C6H4ClNO2 + H2O

Reactants	Products
C	6	6	✔️
H	6	6	✔️
Cl	1	1	✔️
N	1	1	✔️
O	3	3	✔️

Since there is an equal number of each element in the reactants and products of C6H5Cl + HNO3 = C6H4ClNO2 + H2O, the equation is balanced.

Balance C6H5Cl + HNO3 = C6H4ClNO2 + H2O Using Inspection

The law of conservation of mass states that matter cannot be created or destroyed, which means there must be the same number atoms at the end of a chemical reaction as at the beginning. To be balanced, every element in C6H5Cl + HNO3 = C6H4ClNO2 + H2O must have the same number of atoms on each side of the equation. When using the inspection method (also known as the trial-and-error method), this principle is used to balance one element at a time until both sides are equal and the chemical equation is balanced.

Step 1: Count the number of each element on the left and right hand sides

Reactants (Left Hand Side)			Products (Right Hand Side)
Reactants	Products
C6H5Cl	HNO3	Total	C6H4ClNO2	H2O	Total
C	6	6	6	6	✔️
H	5	1	6	4	2	6	✔️
Cl	1	1	1	1	✔️
N	1	1	1	1	✔️
O	3	3	2	1	3	✔️

The number of atoms of each element on both sides of C6H5Cl + HNO3 = C6H4ClNO2 + H2O is equal which means that the equation is already balanced and no additional work is needed.

Practice Balancing

C6H5Cl - + + HNO3 - + = C6H4ClNO2 - + + H2O - +

Reactants	Products
C	6	6	✔️
H	6	6	✔️
Cl	1	1	✔️
N	1	1	✔️
O	3	3	✔️

Hint: The sum of the balanced coefficients is 4. See Step-By-Step Solution

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