Cấu Trúc IN ORDER TO Và SO AS TO Trong Tiếng Anh

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Mục lục

Trong tiếng Anh, khi bạn muốn thể hiện mục đích của hành động bạn sẽ dùng cấu trúc “In order to” hoặc “So as to”. Đây là cấu trúc được sử dụng rất nhiều trong văn nói cũng như văn viết. Vậy làm sao để sử dụng cấu trúc này một cách chuẩn xác, mời các bạn đọc bài viết này để hiểu rõ hơn nhé.

I. Ý nghĩa của các cụm từ "In order to" và "So as to"

  • Đây là 2 cụm từ chỉ mục đích (Phrases of purpose) có nghĩa là: để.

Ví dụ:I make this cake in order to give my mother for her birthday party. (Tôi làm cái bánh này để tặng mẹ trong dịp sinh nhật của bà ấy.)

II. Cấu trúc - Công thức

1. Khi mục đích của hành động hướng tới chính chủ thể của hành động đó

  • Khẳng định: S + V + in order/so as + to_VVí dụ:She studies English. She wants to talk to foreigners.→ She studied English in order/ so as to talk to foreigners. (Cô ấy học tiếng Anh để nói chuyện với người nước ngoài.)
  • Phủ định: S + V + in order/so as + not + to_VVí dụ: He got up early. He didn’t want to miss the train.→ He got up early in order/ so as not to miss the train. (Anh ta dậy sớm để không nhỡ chuyến tàu.)

2. Khi mục đích hành động hướng tới đối tượng khác

  • Khẳng định: S + V + in order for + O + to_VLưu ý: Riêng công thức này không áp dụng với “so as to”Ví dụ:The teacher uses a microphone. He wants his students to hear his voice better.→ The teacher uses a microphone in order for his students to hear his voice better. (Thầy giáo dùng mic để học sinh của ông ấy có thể nghe rõ giọng ông hơn.)
  • Phủ định: S + V + in order for + O + not + to_VVí dụ:I spoke quietly. My baby was not disturbed.→ I spoke quietly in order for my baby not to be disturbed. (Tôi nói nhỏ để cho con tôi không bị quấy rầy.)

3. Cách nối câu với cấu trúc “in order to” và “so as to”

  • Khi 2 chủ ngữ giống nhau, ta bỏ chủ ngữ câu sau rồi bỏ các từ như “want, like, hope...” , giữ lại động từ sau nó.

Ví du:She turned on TV. She wanted to watch the game show.→ She turned on TV to watch the game show.

4. Các cấu trúc tương đương khác

a. Cấu trúc với cụm từ “to_V”

S + V + to_V

  • Cũng giống như 2 cấu trúc trên, “to_V” cũng mang ý nghĩa là “để” thể hiện mục đích của chủ thể
  • Tuy nhiên, cấu trúc này không có thể phủ định.

Ví dụ:I will come with you. I want to help you.→ I will come with you to help you. (Tôi sẽ đến để giúp bạn.)

b. Mệnh đề “So that/ In order that”

S + V + so that + S + can/ could/ will/ would (not) + V_inf

Ví dụ:I will come with you. I want to help you.→ I will come with you so that I can help you. (Tôi sẽ đến với bạn để tôi có thể giúp bạn.)

Để tìm hiểu thêm về cấu trúc này, các bạn có thể tham khảo tại đây.

III. Bài tập

Exercise 1: Combine the ideas using “in order to/ so as to”:1. Rachel wanted to watch the news. She turned on the TV.→…………………………………………………………………………...2. Nancy is carrying extra courses every semester. She wants to graduate early.→…………………………………………………………………………...3. Ed took some change from his pocket. He wanted to buy a newspaper.→…………………………………………………………………………...4. I wanted to listen to the news while I was making dinner. I turned on the TV.→…………………………………………………………………………...5. I unplugged the phone. I didn’t want to be interrupted while I was working.→…………………………………………………………………………...

Exercise 2: Choose the best answer:1. Jackson was going to study all night, ________ he declined our invitation to dinner.A. so B. so that C. in order to D. A & C

2. They put video cameras in shops _______ stop people stealing things.A. not to B. so as not to C. in order to D. so that3. The highway was under construction, _______ we had to take a different route to work.A. so that B. so C. in order to D. A & C4. He gave me his address. He wanted me to visit him.A. He gave me his address so as to visit him.B. He gave me his address for me in order to visit him.C. He gave me his address in order for me to visit him.D. He gave me his address in order to for me visit him.5. He studies hard. He doesn’t want to fail in the exam. He studies hard _________fail in the exam.A. not to B. so as not to C. in order to D. so that6. Mary jogs everyday ________ lose weight.A. so she can B. so that she can C. because she can D. so that to7. You should look up the meaning of the new in the dictionary _______ misuse itA. so as to B. to C. so as not to D. so that8. He lighted the candle ________ he might read the note.A. so that B. and C. because D. as a result9. He turned off the lights before going out _______ waste electricity.A. so that not B. as not to C. in order that not D. so as not to10. The school boys are in hurry ________ they will not be late for school.A. so as to B. to C. in order that D. for11. He hid that letter in a drawer _______ no one could read it.A. so that B. because C. although D. than12. The teacher was explaining the lesson slowly and clearly__________.A. to make his students to understand itB. in order that his students can understand itC. so as to that his students could understand itD. so that his students could understand it13. The boy always does his homework before class____________.A. so as not to be punished by the teacherB. so as to be punished by the teacherC. so that not to be punished by the teacherD. in order that not to be punished by the teacher14. “I tried to study English well. I want to get a good job.” means _________.A. I tried to study English well so that I can get a good jobB. I tried to study English well in order that I can get a good jobC. I tried to study English well to get a good jobD. All are correct15. “They whispered. They didn’t want anyone to hear them” means _________.A. They whispered in order to make anyone hear themB. They whispered so that no one could hear themC. They whispered to make everyone hear themD. They whispered in order that make everyone hear them16. “We preserve natural resources. We can use them in the future.” means ________.A. We preserve natural resources so that we can use them in the futureB. We preserve natural resources so as to we can use them in the futureC. We preserve natural resources for future useD. A and C17. The students study English________ they can communicate with foreigners.A. so that B. so/ that C. in order to D. A & C18. He left home early_________.A. so that he could arrive at the station on time.B. in order that he can arrive at the station on time.C. so that he couldn’t arrive at the station on time.D. A&C19. The teacher explained the lesson again in order that_________.A. all the students could understand the lesson.B. all the students could drive to school.C. all the students could pass the examination.D. all the students could exchange the answers.20. He failed the exam, _______ he had to do the job he didn’t like.A. so B. so that C. in order to D. A & C

Exercise 3: Use phrases to combine each pair of sentences below.1. I’m studying hard. I want to keep pace with my classmates.……………………………………………………………………………………2. Alice prepares her lessons carefully. She wants to get high marks in class.……………………………………………………………………………………3. Please shut the door. I don’t want the dog to go out of the house.……………………………………………………………………………………4. I wish to have enough money. I want to buy a new house.……………………………………………………………………………………5. You should walk slowly. Your sister can follow you.……………………………………………………………………………………6. They did their job well. They hoped the boss would increase their salary.……………………………………………………………………………………7. We turned on the lights. We didn’t want to waste electricity……………………………………………………………………………………8. We lower the volume of the radio. We don’t want to bother our neighbors.……………………………………………………………………………………9. The robber changed his address all the time. He didn’t want the police to find him.……………………………………………………………………………………10. The man spoke loudly. He wanted everybody to hear him clearly.…………………………………………………………………………………

Exercise 4: Choose the correct alternative.1. The school boys are in a hurry not to/ in order not miss their school bus.2. They were talking in whispers so that/ so as nobody could hear them.3. My mother needs a tin opener to open/ for opening the bottles.4. Advice is given in order that/ in order to students can choose the best course.5. You may put your money in a small coin bank so that/ in order to keep it safe.6. We wrote Katie’s name on the calendar so as not to/ so that not forget her birthday.7. She stayed at work late in order to/ so that she could complete the report.

8. I need some new clothes. I haven’t got anything nice to wear/ in order to wear.9. The new paint is excellent to cover/ for covering walls with cracks in.10. Trees are being planted by the roadside so as to reduce/ in order that reducing traffic noise.

IV. Đáp án

Exercise 1: Combine the ideas using “in order to/ so as to”:1. Rachel turned on the TV in order/so as to watch the news.2. Nancy is carrying extra courses every semester in order/ so as to graduate early.3. Ed took some change from his pocket in order/ so as to buy a newspaper.4. I turned on the TV in order/ so as to listen to the news while I was making dinner.5. I unplugged the phone in order/ so as not to be interrupted while I was working.

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