Chords And Scales - Mal Webb
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Chords
Scales
Charts written by Mal Webb 2014-2023 http://malwebb.com -Many of these scales (Hijaz, Pelog, etc.) would traditionally be non Equal Temperament tunings: I've just provided the ET chromatic equivalent. -As well as the modes of the major scale (in pale blue), I've also grouped the choice modes of Harmonic Minor, Melodic Minor and Double Harmonic (hence the HM4, MM5, etc.) -Yes, there are more chords and scales than these... I just thought this was a good start! *Starting Pelog from the b6, which ends up being C E F G B or 1 3 4 5 7 is sometimes called "Indian Pentatonic" (C, C∆) Thanks to Rob MacWilliams for inspiring this. To Josh Bennett for the Indian additions. And to Richard Grantham, Kathleen Campbell, Rob Reeves and Kylie Morrigan proofing it!
| Name | Symbol | Alt. Symbol (best first) | Notes | Note numbers | Scales (in order of fit). |
| C major (triad) | C | Cmaj, CM (not good) | C E G | 1 3 5 | Ion, Mix, Lyd, MajPent, MajBlu, DoHar, HarmMaj, RagPD, DomPent |
| C 6 | C6 | C E G A | 1 3 5 6 | Ion, MajPent, MajBlu, Lyd, Mix | |
| C major 7 | C∆ | Cmaj7, CM7 (not good) | C E G B | 1 3 5 7 | Ion, Lyd, DoHar, RagPD, MajPent |
| C major 9 | C∆9 | Cmaj9 | C E G B D | 1 3 5 7 9 | Ion, Lyd, MajPent |
| C 7 (or dominant 7th) | C7 | CM7 (not good) | C E G Bb | 1 3 5 b7 | Mix, LyDom, PhrDom, DomPent, RagCha, ComDim, MajPent, MajBlu, Blues |
| C 9 | C9 | C E G Bb D | 1 3 5 b7 9 | Mix, LyDom, RagCha, DomPent, MajPent, MajBlu, Blues | |
| C 7 sharp 9 | C7#9 | C7+9, C7alt. | C E G Bb D# | 1 3 5 b7 #9 | ComDim, Blues |
| C 7 flat 9 | C7b9 | C7alt. | C E G Bb Db | 1 3 5 b7 b9 | ComDim, PhrDom |
| C 7 flat 5 | C7b5 | C E Gb Bb | 1 3 b5 b7 | Whole, LyDom, SupLoc, Blues | |
| C 7 sharp 11 | C7#11 | Bb+/C | C E G Bb D F# | 1 3 5 b7 9 #11 | LyDom |
| C 13 | C 13 | C9 add 13 | C E G Bb D A | 1 3 5 b7 9 13 | Mix, LyDom, DomPent, MajBlu, Blues |
| C minor (triad) | Cm | C-, Cmin | C Eb G | 1 b3 5 | Dor, Aeo, Phr, HarmMin, MelMin, DoHarMin, MinPent, Ukdor, Blues, Pelog |
| C minor 7 | Cm7 | Cmin7, C-7 | C Eb G Bb | 1 b3 5 b7 | Dor, Aeo, Phr, MinPent, UkDor, Blues |
| C minor major 7 | Cm∆ | Cm maj7, C- maj7 | C Eb G B | 1 b3 5 7 | HarmMin, MelMin, DoHarMin |
| C minor 6 | Cm6 | C-6 | C Eb G A | 1 b3 5 6 | Dor, MelMin |
| C minor 9 | Cm9 | C-9 | C Eb G Bb D | 1 b3 5 b7 9 | Dor, Aeo, MinPent |
| C diminished (triad) | Cº | Cdim | C Eb Gb | 1 b3 b5 | Loc, Dim, ComDim, SupLoc |
| C diminished 7 | Cº7 | Cdim7 | C Eb Gb A(Bbb) | 1 b3 b5 6(bb7) | Dim |
| C half diminished | Cø | Cm7b5 | C Eb Gb Bb | 1 b3 b5 b7 | Half diminished, Loc |
| C augmented (triad) | C+ | Caug | C E G# | 1 3 #5 | Whole, SupLoc, LydAug, RagPD, Aug |
| C augmented major 7 | C+∆ | Caug maj7 | C E G# B | 1 3 #5 7 | LydAug, RagPD, Aug |
| C augmented 7 | C+7 | Caug7 | C E G# Bb | 1 3 #5 b7 | Whole, SupLoc |
| C augmented 7 sharp 9 | C+7#9 | Caug7#9 | C E G# Bb D# | 1 3 #5 b7 #9 | SupLoc |
| C suspended 4 | Csus4 | Csus | C F G | 1 4 5 | Ion, Mix (avoid 3) |
| C 7 suspended 4 | C7sus4 | C7sus | C F G Bb | 1 4 5 b7 | Mix (avoid 3) |
| C 11 | C11 | Bb/C | C Bb D F | 1 b7 9 11 | Mix (avoid 3) |
| C 6 suspended 2 sharp 11 | D/C | C6sus2#11, Dmaj/C | C D F# A | 1 2 #4 6 | Lyd, LyDom, UkDor |
| Name | Abbrev. | Alt. names | Notes in C | Note numbers | Intervals | Chords (in order of fit). |
| Ionian | Ion | Major | C D E F G A B | 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | 2212221 | C, C6, C∆, C∆9, Csus4 |
| Dorian | Dor | Jazz minor | C D Eb F G A Bb | 1 2 b3 4 5 6 b7 | 2122212 | Cm7, Cm9, Cm, Cm6 |
| Phrygian | Phr | C Db Eb F G Ab Bb | 1 b2 b3 4 5 b6 b7 | 1222122 | Cm, Cm7 | |
| Lydian | Lyd | C D E F# G A B | 1 2 3 #4 5 6 7 | 2221221 | C, C6, C∆, C∆9 | |
| Mixolydian | Mix | Dominant 7th | C D E F G A Bb | 1 2 3 4 5 6 b7 | 2212212 | C, C6, C7, C9, C11, C13, Csus7 |
| Aeolian | Aeo | Natural minor | C D Eb F G Ab Bb | 1 2 b3 4 5 b6 b7 | 2122122 | Cm, Cm7, Cm9 |
| Locrian | Loc | C Db Eb F Gb Ab Bb | 1 b2 b3 4 b5 b6 b7 | 1221222 | Cº, Cø | |
| Harmonic Minor (HM1) | HarmMin | C D Eb F G Ab B | 1 2 b3 4 5 b6 7 | 2122131 | Cm, Cm∆ | |
| Ukranian Dorian (HM4) | UkDor | Romanian minor, Misheberak, Raga Saugandh | C D Eb #F G A Bb | 1 2 b3 #4 5 6 b7 | 2131212 | Cm, Cm7 |
| Phrygian Dominant (HM5) | PhrDom | Freygish, Hijaz, Spanish, Gypsy | C Db E F G Ab Bb | 1 b2 3 4 5 b6 b7 | 1312122 | C7, C7b9 |
| Melodic Minor (MM1) | MelMin | Melodic Minor ascending | C D Eb F G A B | 1 2 b3 4 5 6 7 | 2122221 | Cm, Cm6, Cm∆, |
| Lydian Augmented (MM3) | LydAug | C D E F# G# A B | 1 2 3 #4 #5 6 7 | 2222121 | C+∆ | |
| Lydian Dominant (MM4) | LyDom | Harmonics Scale, "The Simpsons" | C D E F# G A Bb | 1 2 3 #4 5 6 b7 | 2221212 | C7, C9, C7b5, C7#11, C13 |
| Raga Charukeshi (MM5) | RagCha | C D E F G Ab Bb | 1 2 3 4 5 b6 b7 | 2212122 | C7, C9 | |
| Super Locrian (MM7) | SupLoc | Diminished Whole tone, Altered | C Db Eb E F# G# Bb | 1 b2 b3 3 #4 #5 b7 | 1212222 | C+, C+7 |
| Double Harmonic (DH1) | DoHar | Raga Bhairav, "Misirlou" | C Db E F G Ab B | 1 b2 3 4 5 b6 7 | 1312131 | C, C∆ |
| Double Harmonic Minor (DH4) | DoHarMin | Hungarian Minor, Maqam Nawa Athar | C D Eb F# G Ab B | 1 2 b3 #4 5 b6 7 | 2131131 | Cm, Cm∆ |
| Harmonic Major | HarmMaj | C D E F G Ab B | 1 2 3 4 5 b6 7 | 2212131 | C, C∆, | |
| Raga Puriya Daneshri | RagPD | "Pash Crush", Purvi Thaat | C Db E F# G Ab B | 1 b2 3 #4 5 b6 7 | 1321131 | C, C∆, C+∆ |
| Whole tone | Whole | C D E F# Ab Bb | 1 2 3 #4 b6 b7 | 222222 | C+, C+7, C7b5, C9(no 5) | |
| Diminished | Dim | Whole step/half Step | C D Eb F Gb Ab A B | 1 2 b3 4 b5 b6 6 7 | 21212121 | Cº |
| Combination Diminished | ComDim | Half step/whole step, Altered | C Db Eb E F# G A Bb | 1 b2 b3 3 #4 5 6 b7 | 12121212 | C7, C7#9, C7b9, Cº |
| Augmented Scale | Aug | 3-1 scale [Note: Try 1-3 too!] | C D# E G Ab B | 1 #2 3 5 b6 7 | 313131 | C+, C+∆, C, C∆ |
| Major Pentatonic | MajPent | C D E G A | 1 2 3 5 6 | 22323 | C, C6, C∆, C∆9, C7, | |
| Dominant Pentatonic | DomPent | African Pentatonic | C D E G Bb | 1 2 3 5 b7 | 22332 | C, C7, C9, C13 |
| Minor Pentatonic | MinPent | C Eb F G Bb | 1 b3 4 5 b7 | 32232 | Cm, Cm7, Cm9 | |
| Pelog Pentatonic | Pelog | Phrygian Pentatonic, Indian Pentatonic* | C Db Eb G Ab | 1 b2 b3 5 b6 | 12414 | Cm |
| Blues Scale | Blues | Minor Blues | C Eb F F# G Bb | 1 b3 4 #4 5 b7 | 321132 | Cm, Cm7, C7#9, C7, C9, C13, C7b5 |
| Major Blues Scale | MajBlu | C D Eb E G A | 1 2 b3 3 5 6 | 211323 | C, C6, C7, C9, C13 |
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