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CSS Grid Layout

The Grid Layout Module offers a grid-based layout system, with rows and columns.

The Grid Layout Module allows developers to easily create complex web layouts.

The Grid Layout Module makes it easier to design a responsive layout structure, without using float or positioning.

The CSS grid properties are supported in all modern browsers.

Grid vs. Flexbox

The CSS Grid Layout should be used for two-dimensional layout, with rows AND columns.

The CSS Flexbox Layout should be used for one-dimensional layout, with rows OR columns.

Grid Container and Grid Items

A grid layout consists of a parent element (the grid container), with one or more child elements.

All direct children of the grid container automatically become grid items.

Example

<div class="container"> <div>1</div> <div>2</div> <div>3</div> <div>4</div> <div>5</div> <div>6</div> <div>7</div> <div>8</div></div> 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

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Display Grid Property

An HTML element becomes a grid container when its display property is set to grid or inline-grid.

Example

.container { display: grid;}

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Example

.container { display: inline-grid;}

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Grid Columns

The vertical lines of grid items are called columns.

Grid Rows

The horizontal lines of grid items are called rows.

Grid Gaps

The spaces between each column/row are called gaps.

You can adjust the gap size by using one of the following properties:

• column-gap
• row-gap
• gap

The column-gap Property

The column-gap property specifies the gap between the columns in a grid.

Example

Specify a 50 pixels gap between the columns in the grid:

.container { display: grid;column-gap: 50px;}

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The row-gap Property

The row-gap property specifies the gap between the rows in a grid.

Example

Specify a 50 pixels gap between the rows in the grid:

.container { display: grid;row-gap: 50px;}

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The gap Property

The gap property is a shorthand property for row-gap and column-gap:

Example

Set the gap between rows to 50px, and the gap between columns to 100px in the grid:

.container { display: grid;gap: 50px 100px;}

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Example

Set the gap between rows and the columns to 50px in the grid:

.container { display: grid;gap: 50px;}

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Grid Lines

The lines between columns are called column lines.

The lines between rows are called row lines.

Refer to line numbers when placing a grid item in a grid container:

Example

Place a grid item at column line 1, and let it end on column line 3:

.item1 {grid-column-start: 1; grid-column-end: 3;}

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Example

Place a grid item at row line 1, and let it end on row line 3:

.item1 {grid-row-start: 1; grid-row-end: 3;}

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All CSS Grid Properties

Property	Description
column-gap	Specifies the gap between the columns
gap	A shorthand property for the row-gap and the column-gap properties
grid	A shorthand property for the grid-template-rows, grid-template-columns, grid-template-areas, grid-auto-rows, grid-auto-columns, and the grid-auto-flow properties
grid-area	Either specifies a name for the grid item, or this property is a shorthand property for the grid-row-start, grid-column-start, grid-row-end, and grid-column-end properties
grid-auto-columns	Specifies a default column size
grid-auto-flow	Specifies how auto-placed items are inserted in the grid
grid-auto-rows	Specifies a default row size
grid-column	A shorthand property for the grid-column-start and the grid-column-end properties
grid-column-end	Specifies where to end the grid item
grid-column-start	Specifies where to start the grid item
grid-row	A shorthand property for the grid-row-start and the grid-row-end properties
grid-row-end	Specifies where to end the grid item
grid-row-start	Specifies where to start the grid item
grid-template	A shorthand property for the grid-template-rows, grid-template-columns and grid-areas properties
grid-template-areas	Specifies how to display columns and rows, using named grid items
grid-template-columns	Specifies the size of the columns, and how many columns in a grid layout
grid-template-rows	Specifies the size of the rows in a grid layout
row-gap	Specifies the gap between the grid rows

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