(DOC) 2nd cx | Sayani Chatterjee

Academia.eduAcademia.eduLog InSign Up
  • Log In
  • Sign Up
  • more
    • About
    • Press
    • Papers
    • Terms
    • Privacy
    • Copyright
    • We're Hiring!
    • Help Center
    • less

Outline

keyboard_arrow_downTitleAbstractIntroductionConclusionFirst page of “2nd work.docx”Academia Logodownload

Download Free PDF

Download Free DOCX2nd work.docxProfile image of Sayani ChatterjeeSayani Chatterjeevisibility

description

23 pages

descriptionSee full PDFdownloadDownload PDF bookmarkSave to LibraryshareShareclose

Sign up for access to the world's latest research

Sign up for freearrow_forwardcheckGet notified about relevant paperscheckSave papers to use in your researchcheckJoin the discussion with peerscheckTrack your impact

Abstract

This report critically analyses economics of both the countries with respect to their national output and economic growth and also, the factors that play a major role behind these differences. It also compares both the economies for similarities and differences. Moreover, it aims to make a detailed study of unemployment and inflation situations in Australia and its types, issues and government policy responses to deal with the situations. It reflects the fiscal and monetary policies of Australia with adequate data evidence from the Reserve Bank of Australia. With the help of secondary data, it pinpoints the performance of each of the macroeconomic indicators by a mapping of the Australian economy through facts and figures and concludes by highlighting the policy dimensions.

... Read more

Related papers

Inflation, Unemployment and the NAIRU in AustraliaMark Crosby

The Australian Economic Review, 1998

We would like to thank two referees, John Creedy, early risers at the University of Melbourne Macroeconomics breakfasts, and seminar participants at the University of Adelaide and the Australasian meeting of the Econometric Society in Melbourne for helpful comments. Any errors are our own.

downloadDownload free PDFView PDFchevron_rightJOHN MAYNARD KEYNES MEETS MILTON FRIEDMAN AND EDMOND PHELPS: THE RANGE VERSUS THE NATURAL RATE IN AUSTRALIA, 1965:4 TO 2003:3Ian McDonald

Australian Economic Papers, 2006

In this paper we compare the estimates of the range model in Lye and McDonald (2005a) with estimates of a natural rate model. We find that the range model is superior to the natural rate model according to econometric criteria and economic plausibility. Our estimates of the range model suggest that a significantly lower rate of unemployment is obtainable at the current time by aggregate demand policy, indeed a rate of 3.1 per cent for 2003:3 compared with about 6.5 per cent for the natural rate model. Thus we conclude that basing macroeconomic policy on the natural rate model would underrate the possibilities for economic welfare in Australia.

downloadDownload free PDFView PDFchevron_rightAn Estimate of the Range of Equilibrium Rates of Unemployment for AustraliaJenny Lye

Economic Record, 2001

This paper estimates the range of equilibrium rates of unemployment for Australia. The estimation technique nests a unique equilibrium rate of unemployment as a special case. It is found for the period 1965^97 that a range of equilibria of at least 6.6 percentage points of unemployment exists in Australia. The lower limit of this range, which is the minimum rate of unemployment consistent with non-increasing in£ation, was 2^3 per cent in the 1960s, jumped in the early 1970s and was about 5.6 per cent during the 1990s.

downloadDownload free PDFView PDFchevron_rightHow Do Australian MacroeconomicsMinsoo Lee

2005

business-cycle transmission is expected to be found between these two countries. This paper analyses the shock-transmission channels, including trade, monetary policy, and exchange

downloadDownload free PDFView PDFchevron_rightNEOLIBERAL REFORMS OF AUSTRALIAN ECONOMY IN YEARS 1983-2003 AND ITS RESULTS IN THE AREAS OF EMPLOYMENT, INFLATION, DYNAMICS OF GDP AND REAL WAGESLech J Keller

Monash University (PhD Thesis), 2003

This thesis is dedicated to the analysis of the results of neoliberal socio-economic policy applied in years 1983-2003 in Australia by governments of formally different political orientations as a part of broader macro and microeconomic reform, which was designed in order to improve competitiveness of Australian economy. I will analyse mostly results of this transformation in such areas as labour market (mainly unemployment), inflation, dynamics of GDP and real wages. My argument is that the American model followed by Australia and also New Zealand has not the real chances to prove it in the Australian conditions and thus had to fail. In this thesis I also analyse usefulness of solutions characteristic for the American model of the 1980s for Australia and New Zealand. To estimate the success of reforms, having in view the improvement of the competitiveness of economy of a given country, one should at the beginning specify understanding of such key terms as competitiveness of economy, her determinants as well as the ways of her measurement. One should also distinguish the idea of competitive ability from the results of its implementation, that is position, which given economy occupies in a given moment of time, i.e. competitive position. The first is determined by natural resources: human, infrastructure, technology, know how, capital and position of a given economy among the other countries. The second is usually measured using total GNP (or GDP) and GNP (GDP) per capita, share in world trade, the efficiency of work (wider: the productiveness of a given economy). Estimating the competitiveness of economies of Australia and NZ, I have concentrated on such “classic” measures as: for competitive position - GDP and GDP per capita, efficiency (productivity) of work as well as widely understood conditions of work and pay, including the condition of labour market, and for competitive ability - the broadly understood indicators of economic growth. I have also analysed the social results of reforms, as well as, generally, the usefulness of American model of reforms for different countries (national economies). On the basis of analysis of statistical data and literature of the subject, I came to conclusion, that the growth of efficiency (productivity) in Australia in the 1980s and 1990s, caused, among other things, by the mentioned reforms, was unstable, and partially broke down in the late part of the 20th century, when according to many estimates the level of that efficiency returned to the level of the 1970s, and so from before the reforms. According to some experts, it even returned to the level lower than in the 1960s. The neo-liberal reforms in Australia and New Zealand improved, without any doubts, competitiveness of economies of those countries, especially their competitive position as measured by such indicators as GDP and GDP per capita and official unemployment rate, as well as their competitive ability as measured by such indicators as dynamics of GDP and GDP per capita. However, those reforms caused also a number of negative phenomena, such as the chronic deficits of current account balance, and for this reason very serious growth of foreign debts, which in turn negatively influences (by the way of high interest rates) the economic growth of those countries. The analysed reforms brought also enlarged levels of social stratification, and thus increased level of social tensions. Therefore, exact specification of their influence on quality of life seems to be difficult.

downloadDownload free PDFView PDFchevron_rightA Comparison of Four Macroeconometric Models of the Australian EconomyWarwick McKibbin

Economic Record, 1982

For more than a decade. macroeconometric models have been used in Australia as 1001s in policy analysis and as aids in the task of forerasring major economic variables. Until recently, however. not much work had been done in comparing these models. Challen and Hagger (1979a. 19796) provide a useful introduction to existing Australian models which includes a summary of simulation studies previously undertaken wirh these models. In rhe current paper, the economic content of four of these models is summarized in a simple theoretical framework. Simulation analysis is also used to examine the dynamic adjustment mechanisms associated with the theoretical structure of each model. .A general conclusion of this paper is that more work is needed on model evaluation in Australia, basedon a wider range ofcriteria than have been used in the past. ' For a useful general discussion of these models see Challen and Hagger (1979a. 1979b).

downloadDownload free PDFView PDFchevron_rightAustralian Unemployment in the Long Run, 1903–2007*Timothy Hatton

2011

We develop a two equation model of wage setting and unemployment, which we estimate on annual time series for Australia since Federation. Our model links the real wage level to productivity and to a set of wage pressure variables, while the unemployment rate is linked to the gap between the real wage and productivity and to demand side variables. We evaluate the contribution of different variables to the equilibrium unemployment rate for 1903-41, 1942-73 and 1974-2007. We also examine the effects on unemployment of several key policy-related episodes in wage regulation spread over the past century of labour market history.

downloadDownload free PDFView PDFchevron_rightTrends and Cycles in Australian State and Territory Unemployment RatesRobert Dixon

Economic Record, 2001

This paper has as its subject matter the behaviour of state unemployment rates over time. Arguments are presented which suggest that the common approach which entails regressing stare or regional rates of unemployment on the national rate is not likely to yield much useful knowledge. As a positive contribution to the literature, this paper focuses on two things: first, the behaviour over time in the dispersion of state unemployment rates and their relationship with the business cycle and; second, tests for the presence of common trends andor common cycles in the state unemployment rates. The results suggest that there is a case which can be made for regional policy in Australia.

downloadDownload free PDFView PDFchevron_rightExamining Full Employment in Australia Using the Phillips and Beveridge CurvesAnthony Goldbloom, Nghi Luu

Australian Economic Review, 2008

downloadDownload free PDFView PDFchevron_rightThe Australian Economy in 1984-85 and 1985-86Peter Dixon

The Australian Economic Review, 1985

for helpful discussions and So0 Sun Chai and Bee Fung for their research assistance. Shortly after completion of this article, the national accounts for March quarter 1985 and employment statistics for May 1985 were released. A brief discussion of the implications of those statistics for our forecasts is provided in a postscript. The Australian Economic Review 2nd Quarter 1985 2 This indicator is described in Ernst A. Boehm and Geoffrey H. Moore (1984) 'New Economic indicators for Australia, 194484', Australian Economic Review, 4th Quarter, 34-56.

downloadDownload free PDFView PDFchevron_rightSee full PDFdownloadDownload PDFLoading...

Loading Preview

Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.

Related papers

Australia's Unemployment ProblemAnh Tuấn Lê

Economic Record, 2000

A number of Australian studies have provided microeconomic and macroeconomic perspectives on the causes of, and solutions to, Australia's unemployment problem. This paper provides an evaluation of these studies. Several important findings can be noted. First, from the cross-sectional studies economists have gained a good understanding of the factors contributing to a high probability of unemployment. Effective use is currently being made of this information. Second, there is general consensus from the time-series studies regarding the estimates of the aggregate labour demand wage and output elasticities. In addition, it has been widely acknowledged that lower real wages and economic growth would help reduce the high rate of unemployment. Despite the information available we are making slow progress towards reducing the unemployment rate. This may be due to political reasons or because we are unsure of how to deliver the wage cuts and faster rates of economic growth presented as solutions to the unemployment problem.

downloadDownload free PDFView PDFchevron_rightThe Macroeconomics of Australian UnemploymentJohnson Godslead AdownloadDownload free PDFView PDFchevron_rightAn Evaluation of Unemployment Policy in Australia Using the Range of EquilibriaJenny Lye

The Australian Economic Review, 2006

The major failures of macroeconomic policy in the last 40 years are the huge increases in unemployment and inflation in the 1970s and the persistence for 25 years of the former. This article uses econometric estimates of a model of the range of equilibria for Australia for the period 1965:4 to 2003:3 to evaluate the role of macroeconomic policies in these failures. Our analysis distinguishes the roles of aggregate supply policies and aggregate demand policies. We conclude from our analysis that macroeconomic outcomes would have been better over this period had monetary policy been guided by a hierarchical inflation target, which is to be set so as to achieve the highest level of activity subject to satisfying the inflation target.

downloadDownload free PDFView PDFchevron_rightLabour Market Dynamics in Australia: What Drives Unemployment?*Hector Sala

Economic Record, 2009

The debate in Australia on the (constant-output) elasticity of labour demand with respect to wages has wrongly sidelined the role of capital stock as a determinant of employment . As far back as 1991, Pissarides had argued that the influence of capital stock on the performance of the labour market is crucial but not well understood, a research area which is particularly relevant for Australia. This paper attempts to fill this void by estimating a multi-equation labour market model comprising labour demand, wage setting and labour supply equations. The model is used to examine the causes of the unemployment upturn in 1973-1983 and the subsequent decline in 1993-2006. Our results show that (i) the main determinants of the unemployment rise in the 1970s and early 1980s were wage-push factors, the two oil price shocks and the increase in interest rates, and (ii) the acceleration in capital accumulation was the crucial driving force of unemployment in the 1990s and 2000s. Furthermore, although the recent boom in the terms of trade is equally important, its downward effect on unemployment was partially reversed by the resulting decrease in net foreign demand.

downloadDownload free PDFView PDFchevron_rightDo interest rate and inflation affect unemployment? evidence from AustraliaMansur Masih

2016

This paper explores the Granger-causal relationship between monetary policy, represented by interest rate and inflation rate, and the unemployment rate in Australia using the standard time series techniques. The analysis uses quarterly data covering a ten-year period. Interest rates used here is the long term interest rate, inflation rate is represented by the CPI excluding food and energy, and unemployment rates is measured in percentage-form for Australia. The findings evidence a positive long term (theoretical) relationship between interest rate and unemployment, and a negative long term relationship between inflation and unemployment. It also suggests that interest rate is the strongest exogenous variable, followed by the inflation rate, in determining unemployment. As such, it is recommended for the policy makers of small open economies such as, Australia to control the exogenous variables in order to achieve a certain desired target of unemployment rate. Or, should these two r...

downloadDownload free PDFView PDFchevron_rightThe Australian Economy: 1987–88 and 1988–89Peter Dixon

The Australian Economic Review, 1988

downloadDownload free PDFView PDFchevron_rightReview of the Australian Economy 2010-11: Growth, Jobs and DebtGuay Lim

Australian Economic Review, 2011

Skip to Main Content. Wiley Online Library will be disrupted 3 Mar from 10-13 GMT for monthly maintenance. ...

downloadDownload free PDFView PDFchevron_rightAn Australian Model: Nontraded Goods, Real Exchange Rates and UnemploymentPaul Oslington

Australian Economic Papers, 2001

A popular model for considering many international trade and macroeconomic questions is thè Australian model' of Wilson, Swan and Salter. This paper develops a general equilibrium trade version of the`Australian model' where unemployment comes from a speci®ed factor market distortion, and considers the effects of immigration, transfers, changes in wage ®xing arrangements, terms of trade shocks, tariffs and devaluations. Debates over policies for external and internal balance are revisited, with the advantage that the general equilibrium speci®cation allows welfare consequences of various alternatives to be explicitly considered. In the model external balance is achieved through a¯exible exchange rate and the most attractive policies for achieving internal balance are encouraging skilled immigration and skill augmenting technical change, training, and unskilled wage cuts (accompanied by redistribution to affected workers). Foreign borrowing, import tariffs and currency devaluation are problematic policies from a welfare point of view.

downloadDownload free PDFView PDFchevron_rightThe Australian Economy in 1988-89 and 1989-90Peter Dixon

The Australian Economic Review, 1989

downloadDownload free PDFView PDFchevron_rightDevelopment in Output, Employment, Prices, Wages and Profits: Australia, 1983-84 and 1984-85Peter Dixon

The Australian Economic Review, 1984

downloadDownload free PDFView PDFchevron_rightkeyboard_arrow_downView more papers Academia
  • Explore
  • Papers
  • Topics
  • Features
  • Mentions
  • Analytics
  • PDF Packages
  • Advanced Search
  • Search Alerts
  • Journals
  • Academia.edu Journals
  • My submissions
  • Reviewer Hub
  • Why publish with us
  • Testimonials
  • Company
  • About
  • Careers
  • Press
  • Help Center
  • Terms
  • Privacy
  • Copyright
  • Content Policy
Academia580 California St., Suite 400San Francisco, CA, 94104© 2025 Academia. All rights reserved

Từ khóa » Http://2ndwork.biz