Does CBD Get You High? What To Know About CBD And THC

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Medical News TodaySubscribeCBD: Does it cause a high?

Medically reviewed by Femi Aremu, PharmD — Written by Jamie Eske — Updated on June 26, 2023

Does it?
What is THC?
CBD effects
THC effects
Summary

Cannabidiol (CBD) does not cause a high. It is THC, not CBD, that creates the ‘high-feeling’ people associate with cannabis use. CBD and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) are two different compounds isolated from the Cannabis sativa plant.

This article discusses the differences between CBD and THC and explains why these compounds produce such drastically different effects in people.

Is CBD legal?The 2018 Farm Bill removed hemp from the legal definition of marijuana in the Controlled Substances Act. This made some hemp-derived CBD products with less than 0.3% THC federally legal. However, CBD products containing more than 0.3% THC still fall under the legal definition of marijuana, making them federally illegal but legal under some state laws. Be sure to check state laws, especially when traveling. Also, keep in mind that the FDA has not approved nonprescription CBD products, and some products may be inaccurately labeled.

What is CBD, and does it cause a high?

A woman adds CBD to her coffee and wonders does cbd get you high. — Although THC and CBD are both present in cannabis, using CBD alone will not cause a ‘high.’

CBD is one of the most well-known cannabinoids produced by the C. sativa plant. It is one of more than 500 compounds that come from cannabis plants.

Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is another well-known cannabinoid that produces the strong psychoactive effects of being “high.”

Consuming or using CBD alone will not cause the “high” associated with THC.

CBD and THC are present in all types of cannabis plants but in different quantities. Certain varieties of C. sativa and Cannabis indica contain higher amounts of THC and low amounts of CBD. As of 2014, the average cannabis plant contained 12% THC and less than 0.15% CBD.

Hemp, on the other hand, is a non-intoxicating variety of C. sativa. Under the 2018 Farm Bill, hemp plants must contain less than 0.3% THC. The average hemp plant has up to 18% CBD.

CBD’s chemical composition and its effects are the same, whether extracted from hemp or other varieties of the cannabis plant.

It is illegal to add CBD to foods, dietary supplements, and products marketed as having therapeutic benefits.

What is THC?

Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the primary psychoactive compound in cannabis plants.

THC binds to cannabinoid 1 (CB1) receptors located in brain regions associated with learning, memory, movement, pain sensation, and inflammation.

It also binds to cannabinoid 2 (CB2) receptors located in the brainstem and hippocampus, which has links to memory and emotions. Immune cells, bone cells, and spleen and liver cells also contain CB2 receptors.

This widespread distribution of cannabinoid receptors is the reason why THC produces such powerful physical and psychological effects.

CBD resources

Visit our dedicated hub for more research-backed information and in-depth resources on CBD.

Effects of CBD

Public and research interest in CBD has grown considerably due to CBD’s potential health benefits.

CBD does not bind to either CB1 or CB2 receptors.

According to a 2018 review article, CBD may reduce the ability of THC and other cannabinoids to bind to the CB1 receptor’s. This may reduce the psychoactive effects of THC and may increase the number of circulating cannabinoids.

A 2018 review in Surgical Neurology International indicates that CBD may reduce inflammation in the brain by indirectly interacting with CB2 receptors.

In 2018, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Epidiolex, a cannabis-derived CBD prescription for treating two rare forms of epilepsy: Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and Dravet syndrome.

Anecdotal evidence and preliminary research suggest that CBD may help treat a variety of conditions, including:

anxiety
depression
schizophrenia
dementia
nerve and muscle pain
weight loss
chemotherapy side effects

However, researchers must continue to study the effects and potential health benefits of CBD.

In 2017, the World Health Organization (WHO) stated that CBD might offer therapeutic benefits for people with:

neurodegenerative diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s disease
chronic pain
brain injuries related to restricted blood flow
psychosis
anxiety
depression
cancer
infections
inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis
inflammatory bowel and Crohn’s diseases
cardiovascular diseases
complications of diabetes

Learn more about the potential health benefits of CBD oil here.

Risks and side effects

While most people tolerate CBD well, it can lead to adverse side effects, such as:

drowsiness or fatigue
a dry mouth
diarrhea
nausea
changes in mood, such as increased agitation and irritability
interactions with prescription or over-the-counter drugs
increased risk of sedation, drowsiness, and injuries when used with alcohol
increased or decreased appetite
liver damage due to drug interactions

If a person is considering using CBD, they should speak to a doctor or healthcare provider first.

Effects of THC

The National Institute on Drug Abuse state that when THC binds to CB1 receptors, it activates the brain’s reward system and stimulates dopamine release. The sudden rush of dopamine leads to the pleasurable, euphoric “high” associated with recreational marijuana use.

Other effects of THC include:

sense of euphoria
increased relaxation
changes in perception of time
dry mouth
red, dry eyes
difficulty concentrating or problem-solving
impaired memory
feelings of anxiety or paranoia
increased appetite
fatigue

Learn more about what it feels like to be high from THC here.

Summary

CBD does not make a person “high.”

Although CBD comes from cannabis plants, it does not produce the same euphoric intoxication as cannabis or THC.

CBD continues attracting attention from members of the general public, scientific communities, and healthcare organizations. An ever-growing body of preclinical and clinical research suggests that CBD may help treat various medical conditions, such as anxiety, inflammatory diseases, and chronic pain.

CBD is available in oral capsules, oils, tinctures, topical patches, and edible products.

While most people tolerate CBD well, they should only purchase CBD products from high-quality, reputable manufacturers and distributors.

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How we reviewed this article:

SourcesMedical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. We only use quality, credible sources to ensure content accuracy and integrity. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy.

2018 Farm Bill. (n.d.).https://www.agriculture.senate.gov/2018-farm-bill
Cannabidiol. Pre-review report. (2017).https://www.who.int/medicines/access/controlled-substances/5.2_CBD.pdf
ElSohly, M. A., et al. (2016). Changes in cannabis potency over the last two decades (1995-2014) – analysis of current data in the United States.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4987131/
FDA approves first drug comprised of an active ingredient derived from marijuana to treat rare, severe forms of epilepsy [Press release].https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-first-drug-comprised-active-ingredient-derived-marijuana-treat-rare-severe-forms
FDA regulation of cannabis and cannabis-derived products, including cannabidiol (CBD). (2020).https://www.fda.gov/news-events/public-health-focus/fda-regulation-cannabis-and-cannabis-derived-products-including-cannabidiol-cbd
Garcia, A. B., et al. (2016). Cannabinoid receptor type-1: Breaking the dogmas.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4879932/
Iffland, K., & Grotenhermen, F. (2017). An update on safety and side effects of cannabidiol: A review of clinical data and relevant animal studies.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5569602/
Marijuana research report: How does marijuana produce its effects? (2020).https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/research-reports/marijuana/how-does-marijuana-produce-its-effects
Maroon, J., & Bost, J. (2018). Review of the neurological benefits of phytocannabinoids.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5938896/
VanDolah, H. J., et al. (2019). Clinicians’ guide to cannabidiol and hemp oils [Abstract].https://www.mayoclinicproceedings.org/article/S0025-6196(19)30007-2/fulltext
Vučković, S., et al. (2018). Cannabinoids and pain: New insights from old molecules. (2018).https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2018.01259/full

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Medically reviewed by Femi Aremu, PharmD — Written by Jamie Eske — Updated on June 26, 2023

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