Great Writing 2 Great Paragraphs Answer Key - 123doc

Đáp án Giáo trình luyện viết tiếng anh cho người học tiếng anh và luyện thi lấy chứng chỉ quốc tế

Braille, letters, people, Braille, character,

dots, dots, four, Braille, Louis Braille,

millions

3 times

Simple Present Tense Verbs

simple present tense

verbs: is, boil, Take, let, peel, put, Use, add,

Add, Mix, Put, spread, enjoy

five sentences begin with a verb

this, we, hands, I, I, they, I, I, I, plane, I, I

most common subject: I

Simple Past Tense Verbs

verbs: flew, was, can remember, was, had

wondered, would be, boarded, flew, was, were, was, made, hit, turned, was, did not eat, gave, would not go, cannot tell, was, landed, have been, can remember

number of verbs: 23 number of simple present tense verbs: 0 number of simple past tense verbs: 16

Activity 8, p 12

1 “Braille”: Braille is a special system of

writing and reading for blind people

“An Easy Sandwich”: An egg salad

sandwich is one of the easiest and most

delicious foods to make for lunch

“My First Flight”: Although the first time I

flew on a plane was many years ago, I can

still remember how afraid I was that day

2 “Braille”: an explanation of Braille

“An Easy Sandwich”: how to make an egg

salad sandwich

“My First Flight”: a depiction of the fear

involved in the narrator’s first airplane flight

3 yes; yes; yes

Activity 9, pp 12–19

Example Paragraph 5

Answers are given

Example Paragraph 6

1 The importance of Simón Bolívar for

many South American countries Yes

Simón Bolívar (1783–1830) was one of

South America’s greatest generals and one

of the most powerful people in world

political history

2 No Spanish is the main language in at

least twenty-two countries

3 yes

4 Although Bolívar’s name is not as

well-known outside Latin America, people there

remember him as perhaps the most

important person in their history

Example Paragraph 7

1 The historic and industrial value of South

Carolina No Answers will vary

2 yes

3 yes

4 The products and history of South Carolina make it distinct from the other states

Example Paragraph 8

1 Tim Thorpe, the controversial Olympic athlete Yes Jim Thorpe is a controversial sports figure in sports history

2 yes

3 yes

4 Seventy years after his achievements, Thorpe’s name was finally returned to the list of 1912 Olympic winners time phrases: Seventy years after his achievements, finally

2 No I was wearing a new watch that day, too

3 yes

4 It seems like such a silly thing now, but the humor of the incident really helped me relax on the first day of my career

5 incident, relax, on my first day of

Activity 10, pp 19–20

1 Answer is given

2 Most countries are in one continent, but

Turkey lies in both Asia and Europe

3 The Asian part is much larger than the

European part

4 The eight countries that share a border

with Turkey are Armenia, Azerbaijan,

Bulgaria, Georgia, Greece, Iran, Iraq, and

Syria

5 Turkey has coasts on the Mediterranean

Sea and the Black Sea

6 Half of Turkey’s land is higher than

1,000 meters.

7 In fact, two-thirds of Turkey’s land is

higher than 800 meters.

8 The unique geography of Turkey is one

reason that millions of tourists visit this

country every year.

Titles will vary

The geography of the country of

Turkey is unique Most countries are in one

continent, but Turkey lies in both Asia and

Europe The Asian part is much larger than

the European part The eight countries that

share a border with Turkey are Armenia,

Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Georgia, Greece, Iran,

Iraq, and Syria Turkey has coasts on the

Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea Half

of Turkey’s land is higher than 1,000

meters In fact, two-thirds of Turkey’s land

is higher than 800 meters The unique

geography of Turkey is one reason that

millions of tourists visit this country every year

Titles will vary

We know that languages vary, but other important communication methods exist For example, when two people are talking, the appropriate amount of space between them varies by culture In some cultures, people stand near each other when having a conversation Sometimes these people might touch each other during the conversation Not standing near the speaker

or not touching might be seen as “cold” or disinterested behavior In other cultures, people stand farther apart If one of the speakers stands too close, the other person might see this as aggressive or strange behavior The amount of personal space varies from culture to culture It is also a form of communication Just as there is no universal language, there is no universal personal space

Activity 14, p 26

1 Answer is given

2 for a recipe

3 a word

Best idea from brainstorming seems to be

“Make egg salad.”

…then Mimi has to explain Her young students keep

…there are always a few small problems Mimi’s young students do not

2 There are many benefits to driving a car

with a manual transmission

3 Answer is given

4 better gas mileage, the driver can start a

manual car that has a low battery, greater

control of the vehicle

5 a) the first (and potentially most

important) detail is… b) also, an added point

is… c) the last or concluding point is…

6 Answers will vary

3 Los Angeles, People from many different

cultures live in Los Angeles

4 bilingual dictionaries, Many language

students prefer bilingual dictionaries to

monolingual dictionaries

5 perfumes, French perfumes are expensive

for a number of reasons

6 the book An American Education, An American Education is an excellent historical novel Explanations may vary

Answers may vary Possible answers:

1 Research has shown that girls are better at languages than boys

2 Cats are better pets than goldfish for many reasons

3 Yesterday was the worst day of my life

4 Paul Cezanne, the father of modern art, made important contributions to the history

of art

5 The current population of Canada is a reflection of the international background of its citizens and immigrants

Activity 5, pp 50–51

Answers will vary

Activity 6, pp 51–52

Answers will vary Possible answers are:

1 People like sports cars for different

reasons

2 Dinosaurs differ from modern reptiles in

three main ways

3 Exercise can benefit people in several

important ways

4 Popcorn is a simple but excellent snack

food

5 An effective new method for learning

foreign language vocabulary has two stages

10 …a national king,

11 …a British colony,

12 Thus,

Activity 8, p 56

Titles will vary

Malaysia and Thailand are two

countries in Southeast Asia Because they

are located next to each other, we might

expect these two nations to share many

similarities To a certain extent, this is true

Both countries have temperate climates

throughout the year Thailand’s economy is

growing, and so is Malaysia’s Malaysia has

miles of beautiful beaches that attract

tourists, and Thailand does, too However,

there are also many differences Malaysians

and Thais speak completely different

languages The population of Malaysia is about 25 million, but the population of Thailand is about 65 million Thailand has a national king, but Malaysia does not

Malaysia was a British colony, but Thailand was never a British colony Thus, the fact that two countries are near each other does not always mean they are similar

Activity 9, pp 58-59

More than one correction may be possible

1 Answer is given

2 SF; Most of the flights were canceled due

to the torrential rains and high winds

3 CS; Computer programs can help students

learn a foreign language Many students

use the language programs in the computer center

4 C

5 CS; Our Family is an internationally

known television show, but the quality of

the acting is not very high OR Our Family

is an internationally known television show The quality of the acting is not very high

6 SF; This magazine won several awards

last year for the content and the style of its

Predictions may vary

1 main idea: Washington, D.C.; controlling

ideas: best cities on the east coast;

prediction: reasons and examples showing

why Washington, D.C., is such a good city

to visit

2 main idea: flight attendant; controlling

ideas: interesting career; prediction:

interesting aspects of being a flight attendant

3 main idea: my great-grandmother Carla; controlling ideas: one of the people that I most admire; prediction: admirable qualities

6 What was so memorable about the day

you got married?

Activity 7, pp 71-73

Example Paragraph 24

Answers are given

Example Paragraph 25

1 good supporting sentence: It tells a reason

for using chlorine, which supports the topic

sentence

2 unrelated sentence: No connection

between accidental poisoning and

maintaining your pool

3 good supporting sentence: Another step in

maintaining a swimming pool

Example Paragraph 26

1 good supporting sentence: First example

of how to relax

2 good supporting sentence: Another

example of how to relax

3 unrelated sentence: the study benefits of

Baroque music are not related to the topic of

how to relax and fall asleep

TS: When I first started going to college, I

was surprised at all the studying that was

required

Unrelated sentence: none

Possible concluding sentence: Although I

was surprised at first at the amount of work I

had to do, I managed to change my habits

and become a good college student

Example Paragraph 28

TS: Caring for river turtles is easier than

many people think

Unrelated sentence: If you have a large

turtle, you will need to construct a small pond in your backyard

Possible concluding sentence: After you

have finished these simple steps, your aquarium is ready for your new pet

Example Paragraph 29

TS: There are four easy ways to prepare a

delicious egg

Unrelated sentence: Some people believe

that brown eggs taste better than white eggs

Possible concluding sentence: After

preparing eggs in each of the four ways, you can decide which method is easiest and most delicious for you (Hint: Restate the main idea, offer a suggestion, give an opinion, or make a prediction.)

Answers will vary Possible answers:

1 There are three important steps to follow

if you want to enter a university

2 The Capilano Bridge is not an ordinary

Titles will vary

There is a lot to know about the sport

of hockey Hockey is popular in many countries, including Canada and the United States The game is played on ice, and the players wear skates to move around A hockey player can score a point if he hits a special disk called a puck into the goal However, this is not as easy as it seems because each goal is guarded by a special player called a goalie The goalie’s job is to keep the puck away from the goal The next time you see a hockey game on television, perhaps you will be able to follow the action better because you have this information

Titles will vary

Sweet tea is a very easy-to-make drink that is popular in the southern United States Almost any restaurant in the states of Georgia, Alabama, and South Carolina will serve this cold beverage To make sweet tea, you must boil a pot of water Once the water boils, add one cup of white sugar to the water Stir the sugar until it dissolves After that, add four tea bags to the pot of water Let the mixture brew for thirty minutes When the tea is ready, pour it over ice This sweet drink will definitely refresh you!

Titles will vary

The art of shipbuilding has some odd

traditions, and one of the most interesting of

all has its roots in Greek and Roman history

During ancient Greek and Roman times,

when a new ship was built, a small number

of coins were left under the mast of the ship

The shipbuilders did this for a very special

reason In case of a disaster at sea, the dead

crew needed these coins to pay to get to the

afterlife According to legend, the crew

members gave these coins to the ferry

master Charon to take them across the river

Styx to Hades, the land of the dead It was

believed that sailors without money to cross

this river would not be able to take their

place in the afterlife Today scientists find

evidence of this long-standing tradition in a

variety of locations, from the decayed

remains of old Greek ships to the still active

frigate USS Constitution

Activity 8, p 89

1 Shipbuilding traditions

2 The art of shipbuilding has some odd

traditions, and one of the most interesting of

all has its roots in Greek and Roman history

3 To explain how shipbuilders used coins

4 Answers will vary

In this historic area, you can easily find great food, fun, and culture Next, you should visit SeaWorld to see the amazing animal shows After you visit SeaWorld,

you should see a football or baseball game

at Qualcomm Stadium Finally, you ought to see the animals at the world-famous San Diego Zoo If you decide to go to the zoo,

do not forget to see the giant pandas and Hua Mei, the only panda cub in the United States If you visit one, two, or all of the San Diego sites, it will certainly be a fun and interesting day!

Activity 11, p 93

Answers to student questions

1 Should I capitalize “lake”? Yes

2 Do I need a comma after

Activity 12, p 95

The Best Cook in the World; Florence Folse

is a the best cook; in the world; a spaghetti;

the fried fish; the beans; a cooking contest;

the southern Louisiana; the seafood; the red

beans; the gumbo; a cookbook

1 The dictionary definition of gumbo does

not make it sound as delicious as it really is

2–5 Answers will vary

Example Paragraph 42

1 According to The American Heritage

Dictionary, gossip is a “trivial rumor of a

personal nature,” but this definition makes gossip sound harmless when it is really not

2 The writer’s opinion is that gossip is

worse than the definition indicates The writer mentions this in several places:

damage; cannot do anything to answer or protect himself or herself; hurt feelings; lost career; gossip is much worse

2 This topic sentence is not a dictionary definition

3–5 Answers will vary

8 asked , “Where go?”

9 opponent , “Are out?”

Titles will vary

The key-word method, which can

help foreign language learners remember

new vocabulary, is gaining popularity

among teachers and students In this

method, learners first form their own sound

association between the foreign language

word they are trying to learn and a word in

their native language In the second stage,

learners form an image link between the

target word and the native language word

For example, a Japanese learner of English

might look at the English word hatchet and

connect it to the Japanese word hachi

(“eight”) because they sound alike The

learner might remember that he or she can

use a hatchet eight times to cut down a tree

Similarly, an English speaker learning

Malay might remember the word pintu,

which means “door,” by using the English

words pin and into He or she can imagine

putting a pin into the door to open it

Through these two simple examples, we can

get an idea of how useful this method of

remembering vocabulary can be

Activity 5, p 109

1 Paragraph 44 is generally about a new

method for learning vocabulary

2 The key-word method, which can help

foreign language learners remember new vocabulary, is gaining popularity among teachers and students

3 The writer’s main purpose is to explain

how this new method for learning vocabulary works

4 Two; the example of a Japanese learner of

English learning the English word hatchet

by associating it with the Japanese word for

“eight” (hachi) and the example of an English speaker learning the Malay word

pintu by using the English words pin and into

5 It would be difficult to understand the topic because readers are unlikely to have any background knowledge about this topic

6 Answers will vary

Activity 6, p 112

that features high winds and heavy rains; noun: storm; that can flood whole towns; noun: surge; that have the most hurricanes; noun: months; who live in a given area; noun: people; that surprised the residents of Galveston, Texas, in 1900; noun: hurricane

Activity 7, pp 113–114

Answers will vary

Activity 8, pp 116–117

Example Paragraph 46: We can see

patience in a person who is waiting at a street corner even though it is beginning to drizzle

Example Paragraph 47: Alaska is not a

cold, barren place all the time, and it was not

a waste of money

Example Paragraph 48: In ancient times,

people used clay pottery for plates and

2 a Answer is given b Do you want to eat

it alone or in front of others? c Eat the taco carefully following specific steps

3-4 Answers may vary

Example Paragraph 50

1 Although the process for applying to an American university is not complicated, it is important to follow each step

2 Follow certain basic steps in order to apply successfully

3 No It is not the topic of this paragraph

4 8 steps; step 2: Next, write to these schools to ask for information, catalogs, and applications You may also want to visit the schools’ Web sites

5 Answers will vary

Example Paragraph 51

1 a Answer is given b Pour three small

cups of water into the pot c Heat the water until it boils d Remove the water from the heat e Add three teaspoons of coffee and three teaspoons of sugar

2 Gently stir the mixture and return it to the heat until you can see foam on top

3 Next, pour three small cups of water into the pot, and heat the water until it boils

4 Answers may vary Sample answer: a

You need a special pot b It takes a long time to make this coffee c You have to pay careful attention to every step of the process

Titles will vary

Many people think serving in tennis

is difficult, but the following steps show that

it is quite easy First, toss the ball with your

left hand about three feet in the air The best

position for the ball is just to the right of

your head At the same time, move your

racket behind your shoulder with your right

hand so that your elbow is pointed toward

the sky Just before the ball reaches its peak,

begin to swing your racket forward as high

as you can reach Hit the ball into the small

box on the opposite side of the net After

you hit the ball, continue swinging your

racket down and across the front of your

body After you have completed the serve,

your racket should be near your left knee If

you are left-handed, you should substitute

the words left and right in the preceding

directions

Activity 4, p 129

1 How to serve in tennis

2 Many people think serving in tennis is

difficult, but the following steps show that it

is quite easy

3 Serving a tennis ball is not difficult

4 It is a supporting sentence (for one of the

steps) to give additional information that clarifies the aforementioned step

Titles will vary

Here is a simple science experiment that proves that plants produce oxygen For this experiment, you will need a clean quart jar with a tight lid, some tape, a goldfish, some water, and a few green plants First, put the water and the plants in the jar When you do this, be sure to leave about an inch of empty space When you are sure that the water in the jar is at room temperature, add the fish Put the lid on as tightly as you can After that, wrap the lid with several layers of tape so that you are sure that no air can pass through it Keep the jar in a cool place indoors, but be sure that it receives some direct sunlight for a few hours each day One week later, check the fish The fact that the fish is still alive shows that oxygen was added If you look carefully at a plant stem when it is in sunlight, you can see the tiny bubbles of oxygen escaping from the plant

Describing with the Five Senses, p 136

Answers will vary

2 Answers may vary

3 Sight: broken clock showing 4:30; dried

chocolate syrup; messy face; some paper trash roll by like a soccer ball; poster; deep, blue skies; lone palm tree; sapphire waters

Smell: smelly staircase Hearing: crying child; two old men are

arguing; little noise

4 Present progressive tense (to make the

reader feel like he or she is experiencing the description)

Example Paragraph 56

1 The destruction caused by a tornado

2 Simple past tense Suggested answers:

begins, starts, touches, are hurled, rips, throws, uses, are, are, roar, is, looks, can

3 Sight: long, slender tornado descends;

swirling clouds; funnel, debris, huge trees, cars flying through the air, ripped the roof from an old house, looked so delicate;

hearing: winds roared like a wild beast

4 Possible adjectives: long, slender,

swirling, deadly, horrible, old, huge, ferocious, wild, delicate (Feeling descriptions will vary.)