H1-4 H1.4 Linker Histone, Cluster Member [Homo Sapiens (human)]

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Create FileAdd to ClipboardAdd to Collections H1-4 H1.4 linker histone, cluster member [ Homo sapiens (human) ] Gene ID: 3008, updated on 18-Jan-2026

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Summary

Go to the top of the page Help Official Symbol H1-4provided by HGNC Official Full Name H1.4 linker histone, cluster memberprovided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:4718 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000168298 MIM:142220; AllianceGenome:HGNC:4718 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as H1E; H1.4; H1F4; RMNS; H1s-4; HIST1H1E; dJ221C16.5 Summary Histones are basic nuclear proteins responsible for nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. Two molecules of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) form an octamer, around which approximately 146 bp of DNA is wrapped in repeating units, called nucleosomes. The linker histone, H1, interacts with linker DNA between nucleosomes and functions in the compaction of chromatin into higher order structures. This gene is intronless and encodes a replication-dependent histone that is a member of the histone H1 family. Transcripts from this gene lack polyA tails but instead contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is found in the large histone gene cluster on chromosome 6. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2015] Orthologs all Try the new Gene page Try the new Transcripts and proteins table

Genomic context

Go to the top of the page Help See H1-4 in Genome Data Viewer Location: 6p22.2 Exon count: 1

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2025_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	6	NC_000006.12 (26156329..26157115)
RS_2025_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	6	NC_060930.1 (26024465..26025251)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	6	NC_000006.11 (26156557..26157343)

Chromosome 6 - NC_000006.12

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence: NC_000006.12 Chromosome 6 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly NC_060930.1 Chromosome 6 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0 NC_000006.11 Chromosome 6 Reference GRCh37.p13 Primary Assembly

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

1. Growth pattern of Rahman syndrome. Takenouchi T, et al. Am J Med Genet A, 2018 Mar. PMID 29383847
2. Histone H1 binding to nucleosome arrays depends on linker DNA length and trajectory. Dombrowski M, et al. Nat Struct Mol Biol, 2022 May. PMID 35581345, Free PMC Article
3. Specific variants of H1 histone regulate CpG methylation in eukaryotic DNA. Strom R, et al. Gene, 1995 May 19. PMID 7607502
4. The N-terminal domain determines the affinity and specificity of H1 binding to chromatin. Öberg C, et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2012 Apr 6. PMID 22425985
5. Epigenetics and autism spectrum disorder: A report of an autism case with mutation in H1 linker histone HIST1H1E and literature review. Duffney LJ, et al. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet, 2018 Jun. PMID 29704315, Free PMC Article

See all (195) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

1. Frameshift mutations at the C-terminus of HIST1H1E result in a specific DNA hypomethylation signature. Title: Frameshift mutations at the C-terminus of HIST1H1E result in a specific DNA hypomethylation signature.
2. The identification of 30 patients with HIST1H1E variants has allowed the clarification of the HIST1H1E syndrome phenotype. Title: HIST1H1E heterozygous protein-truncating variants cause a recognizable syndrome with intellectual disability and distinctive facial gestalt: A study to clarify the HIST1H1E syndrome phenotype in 30 individuals.
3. Crystallographic studies of an histone H1.4K26me3:lysine demethylase 4A (KDM4A) complex iidicate a conserved binding geometry to that of H3K9me3. Title: Mechanistic and structural studies of KDM-catalysed demethylation of histone 1 isotype 4 at lysine 26.
4. Results show that histones H1.2 and H1.4 were observed in MDA-MB-231 metastatic breast cancer cells. The phosphorylation at S173 of histone H1.2 and S172, S187, T18, T146, and T154 of H1.4 significantly increases during M phase suggesting that these events are cell cycle-dependent. Title: Quantitative Mass Spectrometry Reveals that Intact Histone H1 Phosphorylations are Variant Specific and Exhibit Single Molecule Hierarchical Dependence.
5. This study identified and confirmed HIST1H1E protein changes within the postsynaptic density in schizophrenia. Title: Proteomic and genomic evidence implicates the postsynaptic density in schizophrenia.
6. Histone H1.2-T165 post translational modifications are dispensable for chromatin binding and cell proliferation while the H1.4-K26 modifications are essential for proper cell cycle progression. Title: Dynamics and dispensability of variant-specific histone H1 Lys-26/Ser-27 and Thr-165 post-translational modifications.
7. Mutations in linker histone genes HIST1H1 B, C, D, and E; OCT2 (POU2F2); IRF8; and ARID1A underlying the pathogenesis of follicular lymphoma. Title: Mutations in linker histone genes HIST1H1 B, C, D, and E; OCT2 (POU2F2); IRF8; and ARID1A underlying the pathogenesis of follicular lymphoma.
8. H1.4K34 acetylation is mediated by GCN5 and is preferentially enriched at promoters of active genes, where it stimulates transcription by increasing H1 mobility and recruiting a general transcription factor. Title: A dual role of linker histone H1.4 Lys 34 acetylation in transcriptional activation.
9. the N-terminal domain of H1 is an important determinant of affinity and specificity of H1-chromatin interactions. Title: The N-terminal domain determines the affinity and specificity of H1 binding to chromatin.
10. PKA-mediated H1.4S35 phosphorylation dissociates H1.4 from mitotic chromatin but also suggest that this phosphorylation is necessary for specific mitotic functions. Title: Protein kinase A-mediated serine 35 phosphorylation dissociates histone H1.4 from mitotic chromosome.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (14)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Associated conditions

Description	Tests
Rahman syndrome MedGen: C4479637 OMIM: 617537 GeneReviews: HIST1H1E Syndrome	Compare labs

Copy number response

Description
Copy number responseTriplosensitivity No evidence available (Last evaluated 2022-07-27) ClinGen Genome Curation PageHaploinsufficency No evidence available (Last evaluated 2022-07-27) ClinGen Genome Curation PagePubMed

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Tat	tat	Overexpression of NPM1 enhances HIV-1 Tat-mediated transactivation by reducing the histone H1 occupancy on the chromatinized template of HIV-1 LTR	PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

• NoName (e-PCR)
  • UniSTS:482713

• RH69154 (e-PCR)
  • UniSTS:52890

• D12S1124 (e-PCR)
  • UniSTS:150204

Homology

• NCBI Orthologs
Orthologs from OrthoDB

Clone Names

• MGC116819

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables DNA binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotationmore info
enables RNA binding	HDA more info	PubMed
enables chromatin DNA binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotationmore info
enables chromatin DNA binding	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotypemore info	PubMed
enables double-stranded DNA binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestormore info
enables histone deacetylase binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interactionmore info	PubMed
enables nucleosomal DNA binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestormore info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interactionmore info	PubMed
enables structural constituent of chromatin	IDA Inferred from Direct Assaymore info	PubMed
enables structural constituent of chromatin	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotationmore info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in chromosome condensation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestormore info
involved_in chromosome condensation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assaymore info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of DNA recombination	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestormore info
involved_in nucleosome assembly	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotationmore info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in chromatin	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotationmore info
located_in chromosome	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotationmore info
is_active_in euchromatin	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestormore info
is_active_in heterochromatin	IDA Inferred from Direct Assaymore info	PubMed
located_in heterochromatin	IDA Inferred from Direct Assaymore info	PubMed
located_in nuclear speck	IDA Inferred from Direct Assaymore info
part_of nucleosome	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotationmore info
is_active_in nucleus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestormore info
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assaymore info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotationmore info

General protein information

Go to the top of the page Help Preferred Names histone H1.4 Names H1 histone family, member 4 histone 1, H1e histone H1b histone H1s-4 histone cluster 1 H1 family member e histone cluster 1, H1e

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

1. NM_005321.3 → NP_005312.1  histone H1.4

   See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_005312.1

   Status: REVIEWED

   Source sequence(s) AL353759 Consensus CDS CCDS4586.1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P10412, Q4VB25 UniProtKB/TrEMBL A3R0T8, Q4VB24 Related ENSP00000307705.4, ENST00000304218.6 Conserved Domains (1) summary cd00073Location:34 → 114 H15; linker histone 1 and histone 5 domains; the basic subunit of chromatin is the nucleosome, consisting of an octamer of core histones, two full turns of DNA, a linker histone (H1 or H5) and a variable length of linker DNA; H1/H5 are chromatin-associated ...

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2025_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

This section includes genomic Reference Sequences (RefSeqs) from all assemblies on which this gene is annotated, such as RefSeqs for chromosomes and scaffolds (contigs) from both reference and alternate assemblies. Model RNAs and proteins are also reported here.

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

1. NC_000006.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

   Range 26156329..26157115 Download GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

1. NC_060930.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

   Range 26024465..26025251 Download GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Related sequences

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Nucleotide		Protein
Heading	Accession and Version

Protein Accession	Links
	GenPept Link	UniProtKB Link
P10412.2	GenPept	UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P10412

Additional links

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Gene LinkOut

The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

Chemical Information

• Interologous Interaction Database
• Interologous Interaction Database
• MilliporeSigma
• HIST1H1E products

Molecular Biology Databases

• Bgee database
• H1-4 gene expression
• BioGPS
• BioGPS
• BioGRID Open Repository of CRISPR Screens (ORCS)
• BioGRID CRISPR Screen Phenotypes (87 hits/1355 screens)
• Eukaryotic Promoter Database
• HIST1H1E_1
• GlyGen glycoinformatics resource
• GlyGen glycoinformatics resource
• Human eFP Browser
• Human eFP Browser
• Human eFP Browser
• Human eFP Browser
• Ingenuity Pathways Analysis
• Ingenuity Pathways Analysis
• InnateDB
• InnateDB
• InterMine
• InterMine
• Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
• Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
• OMA Browser: Orthologous MAtrix
• OMA Browser: Orthologous MAtrix
• OrthoDB catalog of orthologs
• Orthologs
• PhosphoSitePlus
• PhosphoSitePlus® - comprehensive post-translational modification resource
• The Gene Wiki
• The Gene Wiki
• The Weizmann Institute of Science GeneCards and MalaCards databases
• GeneCard for H1-4

Research Materials

• Addgene Non-profit plasmid repository
• Get Plasmids - Addgene
• Bio-Techne
• Histone H1.4 Lysates
• Histone H1.4 Antibodies
• Creative Biogene
• histone cluster 1, H1e
• ExactAntigen/Labome
• reagent review
• reagents
• GenScript latest version of gene cDNA ORF Clone
• GenScript latest version of gene cDNA ORF Clone
• GeneCopoeia Inc.
• Order TALEN/CRISPR clones
• Order miRNA target clones
• Order full-length ORF clone
• GeneTex Inc
• Find Quality Antibodies
• OriGene Technologies
• Order GeneID 3008 cDNA Clone|Lysate|Protein|Antibody|RNAi

Tools

• GeneMANIA
• GeneMANIA

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Supplemental Content

Table of contents

• Summary
• Genomic context
• Genomic regions, transcripts, and products
• Bibliography
• Phenotypes
• Variation
• HIV-1 interactions
• Pathways from PubChem
• Interactions
• General gene information Markers, Clone Names, Homology, Gene Ontology
• General protein information
• NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)
• Related sequences
• Additional links

Genome Browsers

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Related information

• Order cDNA clone Order cDNA clone
• 3D structures 3D structure of a gene
• BioAssay by Target (List) BioAssays related to the gene by protein target or RNAi target
• BioAssay by Target (Summary) Summarized PubChem Data on the gene, showing the active data by default
• BioAssay, by Gene target PubChem BioAssays done on the Gene target
• BioAssays, RNAi Target, Active BioAssays that contain the gene as the target of a RNAi reagent, which is identified as a hit in a RNAi screening and flagged as "active" in the corresponding BioAssay record
• BioAssays, RNAi Target, Tested BioAssays that contain the gene as the target of a RNAi reagent
• BioProjects BioProjects related to a gene
• Books Books
• CCDS Link to CCDS
• ClinVar Related medical variations
• Conserved Domains Related CDD
• dbVar Link from Gene to dbVar
• Full text in PMC PMC links
• Full text in PMC_nucleotide Full text in PubMedCentral identified from shared sequence links
• Functional Class Functional class of the sequence domain architecture
• GAP GAP Links
• Gene neighbors Overlapping genes and two nearest non-overlapping genes on either side
• Genes with a similar H3K4me3 profile Genes with a similar profile of promoter-activating H3K4me3 modifications across several tissue types
• Genome Related Genome
• GEO Profiles Related GEO
• GTR Tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry
• HomoloGene Related HomoloGene
• MedGen Related information in MedGen
• Nucleotide Link to related Nucleotide entry
• OMIM Link to related OMIM entry
• Protein Link to related protein entry
• PubChem Compound PubChem Compounds
• PubChem Substance PubChem Substances
• PubMed Link to related PubMed entry
• PubMed (GeneRIF) Link to related PubMed article from GeneRIFs
• PubMed (OMIM) Gene links to PubMed derived from omim_pubmed_cited links
• PubMed(nucleotide/PMC) Citations in PubMed identified from shared sequence and PMC links.
• RefSeq Proteins Link to Protein RefSeqs
• RefSeq RNAs Link to Nucleotide RefSeq RNAs
• Related gene-specific medical variations Related medical variations
• SNP Related SNP records
• Taxonomy Link to related taxonomy entry
• Variation Viewer Related Variants

Links to other resources

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