HCFC And CFC Phase Out | Learn About Sustainable Energy - Danfoss

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Refrigerant policies and regulations

HCFC and CFC phase out

The introduction of CFCs and later on HCFCs did solve important safety problems during the first part of the last century, but environmental risks were not considered until the mid-1970s. At this stage, the severe consequences of a continued use of especially the CFCs became obvious, leading to a global phase out agreement known as the Montreal Protocol. The phase out of CFCs has been accomplished globally. Even though old systems are still running, no new systems or virgin CFC for service are allowed. 

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The replacement was to a large extent handled by replacing CFCs with HFCs without compromising safety during installation and use. However, as we know today, the widespread use of HFCs eventually becomes a major global warming source. 

R22 is the predominant HCFC due to its wide applicability. R22 is, however, also part of the phase out plans due to its minor ODS potential. Developed countries have already accomplished the phaseout of R22, while other countries will be using R22. Phaseout here has already started, and will continue until 2030. 

Achieving R22-free operation 

In meeting the compliance deadlines, operators can pursue new-build or retrofit strategies to cater for introduction of R22 substitutes.  

Danfoss recommends investment in new plant purpose-built for R22 substitutes as the most economic and environmentally friendly solution in the long term.  Alternatively, existing plant can be retrofitted with hermetic compressors and controls to run on R22 substitutes, following a series of modifications and checks to ensure system reliability.

• Read more in our retrofit guidelines

R22 countdown and phase out legislation 

The Montreal Protocol has triggered new discussions of R22 substitutes. The white paper gives an overview on the composition and properties of the existing refrigerants and the legislations in the different regions.

White paper: Refrigerant options now and in the future

This whitepaper is examining the trends and drivers in selecting refrigerants for heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration (HVAC/R) systems.

Download the whitepaper here Home

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Refrigerants with low GWP

• Main refrigerants at play
• Natural refrigerants
  • Ammonia [NH3]
  • CO2
  • Hydrocarbons
• HFC replacements
  • R404A replacement
  • R410A replacement

Policies and Regulations

• The Montreal Protocol
• F-Gas Regulation [EU]
• HCFC Phaseout Management Plan (HPMP) [China]
• Significant New Alternatives Policy (SNAP) [USA]
• Safety standards and building codes
• HFC phasedown
• HCFC and CFC phaseout
• FAQ - IEC 60335-2-89 flammable refrigerant limit change

Trends

• Refrigerants from a Danfoss perspective
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• By application

Refrigerant transition guide for installers

• Learn how to use new refrigerants