Influenza A Virus Subtype H10N3 - Wikipedia

Influenza virus subtype Medical condition

Influenza A virus subtype H10N3
Treatment	N/A
Frequency	~160 animal cases in last 40 years

Influenza (flu)
Types Avian A/H5N1 subtype Canine Equine Swine A/H1N1 subtype
Vaccines 2009 pandemic Pandemrix Live attenuated Seasonal flu vaccine brands
Treatment Amantadine Baloxavir marboxil Laninamivir Oseltamivir Peramivir Rimantadine Umifenovir Zanamivir
Pandemics 1889-1890 Russian flu 1918 Spanish flu 1957-1958 Asian flu 1968 Hong Kong flu 1977 Russian flu 2009 swine flu
Outbreaks 1976 swine flu 2006 H5N1 India 2007 Australian equine 2007 Bernard Matthews H5N1 2008 West Bengal 2015 United States H5N2 outbreak 2020–2022 H5N8 outbreak
See also Flu season Influenza evolution Influenza research Influenza-like illness Vaccine reformulations
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Influenza A virus subtype H10N3 is a subtype of viruses that causes influenza (flu). It is mostly present in wild avian species. The first human case was reported in 2021.

In animals

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Only around 160 cases of the virus have been reported in the 40 years before 2018, mostly in various waterfowl or wild birds.[1] Existing studies show that H10 influenza viruses are present in a wide range of domestic and wild avian species, as well as in mammals, showing potential for adaptation.[2] H10N3 has been isolated across a wide geographic distribution, including in species such as domestic poultry (chickens),[2] ducks,[3][4] other waterfowl, and terrestrial birds.[5] In animals, the viruses display a complex pathology, with complex reassortments and mutations contributing to pathobiology patterns in chickens, ducks and mice indicative of a possible threat to humans,[6] although H10N3 is usually a less severe strain and is unlikely to cause a significant outbreak.[1]

In humans

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The first human case of H10N3 was reported in Zhenjiang, in China's eastern province of Jiangsu.[1][7] This index case was a patient admitted to the hospital with a fever and worsening respiratory symptoms on April 28, 2021, with a diagnosis of H10N3 confirmed in May 2021. None of the individual's close contacts developed any symptoms or signs of infection. The virus identified from this individual contains an HA cleavage site that is consistent with a "low pathogenicity avian influenza" (LPAI), and is also a reassortant strain, combining the HA and NA genes from H10N3 with internal genes from H9N2 viruses.[7]

According to China's National Health Commission (NHC), human cases of H10N3 have not been reported elsewhere in China.[8] There are no indications that the virus is easily transmissible among humans, with no confirmed cases of human-to-human transmission.[1][9] Other types of avian-origin H10 influenza have been reported in human beings, including in Egypt, Australia and China, highlighting a potential public health hazard, although none of the strains so far detected have shown signs of human transmission.[2][7]

References

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1. ^ a b c d Patton, Dominique; Gu, Hallie (1 June 2021). "China reports first human case of H10N3 bird flu". www.reuters.com. Retrieved 1 June 2021.
2. ^ a b c Wu, Haibo; Yang, Fan; Liu, Fumin; Peng, Xiuming; Chen, Bin; Cheng, Linfang; Lu, Xiangyun; Yao, Hangping; Wu, Nanping (January 2019). "Molecular characterization of H10 subtype avian influenza viruses isolated from poultry in Eastern China". Archives of Virology. 164 (1): 159–179. doi:10.1007/s00705-018-4019-z. ISSN 1432-8798. PMID 30302582. S2CID 52948768.
3. ^ Mikami, T.; Izawa, H.; Kodama, H.; Onuma, M.; Sato, A.; Kobayashi, S.; Ishida, M.; Nerome, K. (1982). "Isolation of ortho- and paramyxoviruses from migrating feral ducks in Hokkaido. Brief Report". Archives of Virology. 74 (2–3): 211–217. doi:10.1007/BF01314714. ISSN 0304-8608. PMID 7165509. S2CID 27094052.
4. ^ Wisedchanwet, Trong; Wongpatcharachai, Manoosak; Boonyapisitsopa, Supanat; Bunpapong, Napawan; Jairak, Waleemas; Kitikoon, Pravina; Sasipreeyajun, Jiroj; Amonsin, Alongkorn (December 2011). "Influenza A virus surveillance in live-bird markets: first report of influenza A virus subtype H4N6, H4N9, and H10N3 in Thailand". Avian Diseases. 55 (4): 593–602. doi:10.1637/9681-020811-Reg.1. ISSN 0005-2086. PMID 22312979. S2CID 35728936.
5. ^ Gronesova, Paulina; Ficova, Martina; Mizakova, Adriana; Kabat, Peter; Trnka, Alfred; Betakova, Tatiana (October 2008). "Prevalence of avian influenza viruses, Borrelia garinii, Mycobacterium avium, and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in waterfowl and terrestrial birds in Slovakia, 2006". Avian Pathology. 37 (5): 537–543. doi:10.1080/03079450802356953. ISSN 1465-3338. PMID 18798030. S2CID 205546310.
6. ^ Zhang, Miaomiao; Zhang, Xingxing; Xu, Kaidi; Teng, Qiaoyang; Liu, Qinfang; Li, Xuesong; Yang, Jianmei; Xu, Jianqing; Chen, Hongjun; Zhang, Xiaoyan; Li, Zejun (2016-09-28). "Characterization of the Pathogenesis of H10N3, H10N7, and H10N8 Subtype Avian Influenza Viruses Circulating in Ducks". Scientific Reports. 6: 34489. Bibcode:2016NatSR...634489Z. doi:10.1038/srep34489. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 5039634. PMID 27678170.
7. ^ a b c Wang, Yang; Niu, Shaowei; Zhang, Bing; Yang, Chenghuai; Zhou, Zhonghui (27 June 2021). "The whole genome analysis for the first human infection with H10N3 influenza virus in China". The Journal of Infection. doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2021.06.021. ISSN 1532-2742. PMID 34192524. S2CID 235696703.
8. ^ "China Reports First Possible Human Transmission of H10N3 Bird Flu | June 1, 2021". The Daily NewsBrief. [Fourth Estate Public Benefit Corporation]. 2021-06-01. Archived from the original on 2021-06-03. Retrieved 2021-06-01.
9. ^ "China reports 1st human case of H10N3 bird flu. Here's what to know about the virus". Global News. Retrieved 2021-06-08.

v t e Influenza
General topics	Research Vaccine Treatment Genome sequencing Reassortment Superinfection Flu season
Viruses	Orthomyxoviridae Influenza A Influenza B Influenza C Influenza D
Influenza A virussubtypes	H1N1 H1N2 H2N2 H2N3 H3N1 H3N2 H3N8 H5N1 H5N2 H5N3 H5N6 H5N8 H5N9 H6N1 H7N1 H7N2 H7N3 H7N4 H7N7 H7N9 H9N2 H10N3 H10N7 H10N8 H11N2 H11N9
H1N1	Pandemics 1918 (Spanish flu) 1977 (Russian flu) 2009 (Swine flu) Science 2009 A/H1N1
H5N1	Outbreaks Croatia (2005) India (2006) UK (2007) West Bengal (2008) 2020s outbreak Science Genetic structure Transmission and infection Global spread Vaccine clinical trials Human mortality Social impact Pandemic preparation
H5N8	Outbreaks 2020–2022
Treatments	Antiviral drugs Adamantane derivatives Amantadine Rimantadine Neuraminidase inhibitor Oseltamivir Laninamivir Peramivir Zanamivir Peramivir (experimental) Umifenovir Baloxavir marboxil Vaccines Live attenuated influenza vaccine Brands Pandemrix Audenz
Pandemics andepidemics	Pandemics Influenza pandemic (1510) Influenza pandemic (1557) Russian flu (1889–1890) Spanish flu (1918) Asian flu (1957-1958) Hong Kong flu (1968) 1977 Russian flu Swine flu (2009) Epidemics Fujian flu (H3N2) 1989–1990 UK outbreak Central Luzon H5N6 (2017)
Non-human	Mammals Canine Feline Equine 2007 Australian outbreak Swine Non-mammals Avian Fujian (H5N1)
Complications	Acute bronchitis Bronchiolitis Croup Otitis media Pharyngitis Pneumonia Sinusitis Strep throat
Related topics	Influenza-like illness 2017–2018 United States flu season US influenza statistics by flu season

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