| Entry | |
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| Name | Shigellosis |
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| Description | Shigellosis, or bacillary dysentery, is an intestinal infection caused by Shigella, a genus of enterobacteria. Shigella are potential food-borne pathogens that are capable of colonizing the intestinal epithelium by exploiting epithelial-cell functions and circumventing the host innate immune response. During basolateral entry into the host-cell cytoplasm, Shigella deliver a subset of effectors into the host cells through the type III secretion system. The effectors induce membrane ruffling through the stimulation of the Rac1-WAVE-Arp2/3 pathway, enabling bacterial entry into the epithelial cells. During multiplication within the cells, Shigella secrete another subset of effectors. VirG induces actin polymerization at one pole of the bacteria, allowing the bacteria to spread intracellularly and to infect adjacent cells. OspF, OspG and IpaH(9.8) downregulate the production of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-8, helping bacteria circumvent the innate immune response. |
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| Class | Human Diseases; Infectious disease: bacterial BRITE hierarchy |
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| Pathway map |  |
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| Module | | M00363 | EHEC pathogenicity signature, Shiga toxin [PATH:map05131] |
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| Disease | |
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| Reference | PMID:30953429 |
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| Authors | Schnupf P, Sansonetti PJ |
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| Title | Shigella Pathogenesis: New Insights through Advanced Methodologies. |
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| Journal | Microbiol Spectr 7:BAI-0023-2019 (2019)DOI:10.1128/microbiolspec.BAI-0023-2019 |
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| Reference | PMID:28393050 |
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| Authors | Mattock E, Blocker AJ |
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| Title | How Do the Virulence Factors of Shigella Work Together to Cause Disease? |
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| Journal | Front Cell Infect Microbiol 7:64 (2017)DOI:10.3389/fcimb.2017.00064 |
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| Reference | PMID:25999954 |
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| Authors | Ashida H, Mimuro H, Sasakawa C |
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| Title | Shigella manipulates host immune responses by delivering effector proteins with specific roles. |
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| Journal | Front Immunol 6:219 (2015)DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2015.00219 |
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| Reference | PMID:20228623 |
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| Authors | Sasakawa C |
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| Title | A new paradigm of bacteria-gut interplay brought through the study of Shigella. |
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| Journal | Proc Jpn Acad Ser B Phys Biol Sci 86:229-43 (2010)DOI:10.2183/pjab.86.229 |
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| Reference | PMID:25264025 |
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| Authors | Ashida H, Kim M, Sasakawa C |
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| Title | Manipulation of the host cell death pathway by Shigella. |
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| Journal | Cell Microbiol 16:1757-66 (2014)DOI:10.1111/cmi.12367 |
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| Reference | PMID:29875765 |
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| Authors | Siqueira MDS, Ribeiro RM, Travassos LH |
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| Title | Autophagy and Its Interaction With Intracellular Bacterial Pathogens. |
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| Journal | Front Immunol 9:935 (2018)DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2018.00935 |
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| Reference | PMID:29477730 |
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| Authors | Pinaud L, Sansonetti PJ, Phalipon A |
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| Title | Host Cell Targeting by Enteropathogenic Bacteria T3SS Effectors. |
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| Journal | Trends Microbiol 26:266-283 (2018)DOI:10.1016/j.tim.2018.01.010 |
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| Relatedpathway | | map03070 | Bacterial secretion system |
| map04010 | MAPK signaling pathway |
| map04064 | NF-kappa B signaling pathway |
| map04140 | Autophagy - animal |
| map04621 | NOD-like receptor signaling pathway |
| map04623 | Cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway |
| map04810 | Regulation of actin cytoskeleton |
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| KO pathway | |
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