List Of Carboxylic Acids - Wikipedia

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  • 1 C1
  • 2 C2
  • 3 C3
  • 4 C4
  • 5 C5
  • 6 C6
  • 7 C7
  • 8 C8
  • 9 C9
  • 10 C10
  • 11 C11
  • 12 C12
  • 13 C13
  • 14 C14
  • 15 C15
  • 16 C16
  • 17 C17
  • 18 C18
  • 19 C19
  • 20 C20
  • 21 C21
  • 22 C22
  • 23 C23
  • 24 C24
  • 25 C25
  • 26 C26
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Carboxylic acids are organic acids characterized by a carboxyl (-COOH) functional group. The naming of these compounds is governed by IUPAC nomenclature, which ensures systematic and consistent naming of chemicals. Numerous organic compounds have other common names, often originating in historical source material thereof. The systematic IUPAC name is not always the preferred IUPAC name, for example, lactic acid is a common, and also the preferred, name for what systematic rules call 2-hydroxypropanoic acid.

This list is ordered by the number of carbon atoms in a carboxylic acid.

C1

[edit]
Common name IUPAC name Structural formula Notes
formic acid methanoic acid HCO2H
carbonic acid hydroxymethanoic acid HOCO2H Despite having an organic-like name, H2CO3 is not considered an organic compound.

C2

[edit]
Common name IUPAC name Structural formula
Acetic acid ethanoic acid CH3CO2H
Glycolic acid hydroxyacetic acid HOCH2CO2H
Glyoxylic acid oxoacetic acid OHCCO2H
Oxalic acid ethanedioic acid HO2CCO2H

C3

[edit]
IUPAC name Common name Structural formula
Propionic acid propanoic acidethanecarboxylic acid CH3CH2CO2H
Acrylic acid propenoic acidacroleic acidethylenecarboxylic acidvinylformic acid CH2=CHCO2H
Propiolic acid propynoic acidpropargylic acidacetylene carboxylic acid CH≡CCO2H
Lactic acid 2-hydroxypropanoic acidmilk acid CH3CHOHCO2H
3-Hydroxypropionic acid 3-hydroxypropanoic acidhydracrylic acid CH2OHCH2CO2H
Glyceric acid 2,3-dihydroxypropanoic acid CH2OHCHOHCO2H
Pyruvic acid 2-oxopropanoic acidα-ketopropionic acidacetylformic acidpyroracemic acid CH3COCO2H
3-oxopropanoic acid malonic semialdehyde3-oxopropionic acid OHCCH2CO2H
2,3-dioxopropanoic acid mesoxalic semialdehydedioxopropionic acid OHCCOCO2H
Malonic acid propanedioic acid methanedicarboxylic acid HO2CCH2CO2H
Tartronic acid 2--hydroxypropanedioic acidhydroxymalonic acid HO2CCHOHCO2H
2,2-dihydroxypropanedioic acid dihydroxymalonic acidmesoxalic acid monohydrate HO2CC(OH)2CO2H
Mesoxalic acid oxopropanedioic acidketomalonic acidoxomalonic acid HO2CCOCO2H
Glycidic acid 2-oxiranecarboxylic acidoxirane-2-carboxylic acid CH2OCHCO2H

C4

[edit]
IUPAC name Common name Structural formula
butanoic acid butyric acidpropanecarboxylic acid CH3(CH2)2COOH
2-methylpropanoic acid isobutyric acidisobutanoic acid (CH3)2CHCOOH
(E)-but-2-enoic acid crotonic acidtrans-butenoic acid3-methylacrylic acidβ-methacrylic acid(E)-2-butenoic acid CH3CH=CHCOOH
(Z)-but-2-enoic acid isocrotonic acidcis-crotonic acidcis-butenoic acid(Z)-2-butenoic acid CH3CH=CHCOOH
2-methylpropenoic acid methacrylic acidα-methacrylic acid2-methylacrylic acidisobutenoic acid CH2=C(CH3)COOH
but-3-enoic acid vinylacetic acidallylic acid3-butenoic acidβ-butenoic acid CH2=CHCH2COOH
but-2-ynoic acid tetrolic acid2-butynoic acid CH3C≡CCOOH
2-hydroxybutanoic acid 2-hydroxybutyric acidα-hydroxybutyrate CH3CH2CHOHCOOH
3-hydroxybutanoic acid β-hydroxybutyric acid3-hydroxybutyric acid CH3CHOHCH2COOH
4-hydroxybutanoic acid γ-hydroxybutyric acidGHB4-hydroxybutyric acid HOCH2(CH2)2COOH
2-oxobutanoic acid α-ketobutyric acid CH3CH2COCOOH
3-oxobutanoic acid acetoacetic aciddiacetic acid CH3COCH2COOH
4-oxobutanoic acid succinic semialdehyde OHC(CH2)2COOH
butanedioic acid succinic acid HOOC(CH2)2COOH
2-methylpropanedioic acid methylmalonic acid HOOCCH(CH3)COOH
(E)-butenedioic acid fumaric acidtrans-1,2-ethylenedicarboxylic acidtrans-butenedioic acidallomaleic acidboletic aciddonitic acidlichenic acid HOOCCH=CHCOOH
(Z)-butenedioic acid maleic acidcis-butenedioic acidmalenic acidmaleinic acidtoxilic acid HOOCCH=CHCOOH
butynedioic acid acetylenedicarboxylic acid2-butynedioic acid HOOCC≡CCOOH
hydroxybutanedioic acid malic acidhydroxysuccinic acid2-hydroxybutanedioic acid HOOCCH2CHOHCOOH
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid tartaric acid2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acidracemic acidthrearic aciduvic acidparatartaric acid HOOC(CHOH)2COOH
oxobutanedioic acid oxaloacetic acidoxalacetic acidoxosuccinic acidketosuccinic acid HOOCCH2COCOOH
dioxobutanedioic acid dioxosuccinic acid HOOC(CO)2COOH

C5

[edit]
IUPAC name Common name Structural formula
pentanoic acid valeric acidvalerianic acidbutane-1-carboxylic acid CH3(CH2)3COOH
3-methylbutanoic acid isovaleric acidisopentanoic aciddelphinic acidβ-methylbutiric acid3-methylbutiric acid (CH3)2CHCH2COOH
2-methylbutanoic acid 2-methylbutiric acid CH3CH2CH(CH3)COOH
2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid pivalic acidtrimethylacetic acidneopentanoic acid (CH3)3CCOOH
3-hydroxypentanoic acid β-hydroxyvaleric acid3-hydroxyvaleric acidβ-hydroxypentanoate CH3CH2CHOHCH2COOH
4-hydroxypentanoic acid γ-hydroxyvaleric acidGHV4-methyl-GHB CH3CHOH(CH2)2COOH
3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoic acid β-hydroxy β-methylbutyric acidHMBβ-hydroxyisovaleric acid3-hydroxyisovaleric acid (CH3)2COHCH2COOH
pentanedioic acid glutaric acidpropane-1,3-dicarboxylic acidn-pyrotartaric acid HOOC(CH2)3COOH
2-oxopentanedioic acid α-ketoglutaric acid2-ketoglutaric acid2-oxoglutaric acidoxoglutaric acid HOOC(CH2)2COCOOH
3-oxopentanedioic acid acetonedicarboxylic acid3-oxoglutaric acidβ-ketoglutaric acid3-ketoglutaric acid HOOCCH2COCH2COOH
furan-2-carboxylic acid 2-furoic acidα-furoic acidpyromucic acid2-carboxyfuranα-furancarboxylic acid furyl-COOH
tetrahydrofuran-2-carboxylic acid tetrahydro-2-furoic acidtetrahydrofuroic acidtetrahydrofuran-2-carboxylic acid tetrahydrofuryl-COOH

C6

[edit]
IUPAC name Common name Structural formula
hexanoic acid caproic acidn-caproic acid CH3(CH2)4COOH
hexanedioic acid adipic acidhexane-1,6-dioic acid HOOC(CH2)4COOH
2,3-dimethylbutanoic acid CH3(CHCH3)2COOH
3,3-dimethylbutanoic acid CH3C(CH3)2CH2COOH
2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid citric acid3-carboxy-3-hydroxypentanedioic acid2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid HOC(COOH)((CH2)COOH)2
prop-1-ene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid aconitic acidachilleic acidequisetic acidcitridinic acidpyrocitric acid HOOCCH=C(COOH)CH2COOH
1-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid isocitric acid HOOCCHOHCH(COOH)CH2COOH
(2E,4E)-hexa-2,4-dienoic acid sorbic acid CH3(CH=CH)2COOH

C7

[edit]
IUPAC name Common name Structural formula
heptanoic acid enanthic acidoenanthic acidn-Heptylic acidn-Heptoic acid CH3(CH2)5COOH
heptanedioic acid pimelic acid HOOC(CH2)5COOH
cyclohexanecarboxylic acid C6H11COOH
benzenecarboxylic acid benzoic acidcarboxybenzenedracylic acid C6H5COOH
2-hydroxybenzoic acid salicylic acid HOC6H4COOH
2,2-dimethylpentanoic acid CH3(CH2)2C(CH3)2COOH
2,3-dimethylpentanoic acid C2H5(CHCH3)2COOH
2,4-dimethylpentanoic acid CH3(CHCH3)CH2(CHCH3)COOH
3,3-dimethylpentanoic acid C2H5C(CH3)2CH2COOH
2-ethylpentanoic acid C3H7CH(C2H5)COOH
3-ethylpentanoic acid C2H5CH(C2H5)CH2COOH
2-methylhexanoic acid C4H9CH(CH3)COOH
3-methylhexanoic acid C3H7CH(CH3)CH2COOH
2,2,3-trimethylbutanoic acid CH3CH(CH3)C(CH3)2COOH
2-ethyl-2-methylbutanoic acid C2H5C(C2H5)(CH3)COOH
2-ethyl-3-

methylbutanoic acid

CH3CH(CH3)CH(C2H5)COOH

C8

[edit]
IUPAC name Common name Structural formula
octanoic acid caprylic acid CH3(CH2)6COOH
benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid phthalic acid C6H4(COOH)2
benzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid isophthalic acid C6H4(COOH)2
benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid terephthalic acid C6H4(COOH)2
2-methylheptanoic acid C5H11CH(CH3)COOH
3-methylheptanoic acid C4H9CH(CH3)CH2COOH
4-methylheptanoic acid C3H7CH(CH3)C2H4COOH
5-methylheptanoic acid C2H5CH(CH3)C3H6COOH
6-methylheptanoic acid (CH3)2CHC4H8COOH
2,2-dimethylhexanoic acid C4H9C(CH3)2COOH
2,3-dimethylhexanoic acid C3H7[CH(CH3)]2COOH
2,4-dimethylhexanoic acid C2H5CH(CH3)CH2CH(CH3)COOH
2,5-dimethylhexanoic acid CH3CH(CH3)C2H4(CH3)COOH
3,3-dimethylhexanoic acid C3H7C(CH3)2CH2COOH
3,4-dimethylhexanoic acid C2H5[CH(CH3)]2CH2COOH
3,5-dimethylhexanoic acid (CH3)2CHCH2CH(CH3)CH2COOH
4,4-dimethylhexanoic acid C2H5C(CH3)2C2H4COOH
4,5-dimethylhexanoic acid CH3[CH(CH)3]2C2H4COOH
5,5-dimethylhexanoic acid (CH3)3CC3H6COOH
2-ethanehexanoic acid C4H9CH(C2H5)COOH
3-ethanehexanoic acid C3H7CH(C2H5)CH2COOH
4-ethanehexanoic acid C2H5CH(C2H5)C2H4COOH
5-ethanehexanoic acid CH3CH(C2H5)C3H6COOH
2-octenoic acid C5H11CH=CHCOOH
3-octenoic acid C4H9CH=CHCH2COOH
4-octenoic acid C3H7CH=CHC2H4COOH
5-octenoic acid C2H5CH=CHC3H6COOH
6-octenoic acid CH3CH=CHC4H8COOH
7-octenoic acid CH2=CHC5H10COOH

2-6 dimethyl octen dioic acid

C9

[edit]
IUPAC name Common name Structural formula
nonanoic acid pelargonic acid1-octanecarboxylic acid CH3(CH2)7COOH
benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid trimesic acid C6H3(COOH)3
(E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoic acid cinnamic acidtrans-cinnamic acidphenylacrylic acidcinnamylic acid3-phenylacrylic acid(E)-cinnamic acidbenzenepropenoic acidisocinnamic acid C6H5CH=CHCOOH

C10

[edit]
IUPAC name Common name Structural formula
decanoic acid capric acid CH3(CH2)8COOH
decanedioic acid sebacic acid1,8-octanedicarboxylic acid HOOC(CH2)8COOH

C11

[edit]
IUPAC name Common name Structural formula
undecanoic acid hendecanoic acid CH3(CH2)9COOH

C12

[edit]
IUPAC name Common name Structural formula
dodecanoic acid lauric aciddodecylic aciddodecoic acidlaurostearic acidfulvic acid1-undecanecarboxylic acidduodecylic acid CH3(CH2)10COOH
benzene-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexacarboxylic acid mellitic acidgraphitic acidbenzenehexacarboxylic acid C6(COOH)6

C13

[edit]
IUPAC name Common name Structural formula
tridecanoic acid tridecylic acid CH3(CH2)11COOH

C14

[edit]
IUPAC name Common name Structural formula
tetradecanoic acid myristic acid CH3(CH2)12COOH

C15

[edit]
IUPAC name Common name Structural formula
pentadecanoic acid pentadecylic acid CH3(CH2)13COOH

C16

[edit]
IUPAC name Common name Structural formula
hexadecanoic acid palmitic acid CH3(CH2)14COOH

C17

[edit]
IUPAC name Common name Structural formula
heptadecanoic acid margaric acidheptadecylic acid CH3(CH2)15COOH

C18

[edit]
IUPAC name Common name Structural formula
octadecanoic acid stearic acid CH3(CH2)16COOH
(9Z)-octadec-9-enoic acid oleic acid(9Z)-octadecenoic acid(Z)-octadec-9-enoic acidcis-9-octadecenoic acidcis-Δ9-octadecenoic acid CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COOH
(9Z,12Z)-octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid linoleic acid CH3(CH2)4CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)7COOH
(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadeca-9,12,15-trienoic acid ALAα-linolenic acidcis, cis,cis-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid(Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid CH3CH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)7COOH
(6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadeca-6,9,12-trienoic acid GLAγ-linolenic acidgamolenic acid CH3(CH2)4CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)4COOH
(6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadeca-6,9,12,15-tetraenoic acid SDAstearidonic acidmoroctic acid CH3CH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)5COOH

C19

[edit]
IUPAC name Common name Structural formula
nonadecanoic acid nonadecylic acid CH3(CH2)17COOH

C20

[edit]
IUPAC name Common name Structural formula
icosanoic acid arachidic acidarachic acid CH3(CH2)18COOH
(5Z,8Z,11Z)-eicosa-5,8,11-trienoic acid Mead's acid CH3(CH2)7CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)3COOH
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid AAARAarachidonic acid CH3(CH2)4CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)3COOH
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosa-5,8,11,14-pentaenoic acid EPA CH3CH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)3COOH

C21

[edit]
IUPAC name Common name Structural formula
heneicosanoic acid CH3(CH2)19COOH

C22

[edit]
IUPAC name Common name Structural formula
docosanoic acid behenic acid CH3(CH2)20COOH
(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acid DHAcervonic acid CH3CH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)2COOH

C23

[edit]
IUPAC name Common name Structural formula
tricosanoic acid tricosylic acid CH3(CH2)21COOH

C24

[edit]
IUPAC name Common name Structural formula
tetracosanoic acid lignoceric acid CH3(CH2)22COOH

C25

[edit]
IUPAC name Common name Structural formula
pentacosanoic acid pentacosylic acid CH3(CH2)23COOH

C26

[edit]
IUPAC name Common name Structural formula
hexacosanoic acid cerotic acid CH3(CH2)24COOH
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