Nguyễn Văn Cừ (revolutionary) - Wikipedia

Vietnamese revolutionary This article is about the Vietnamese communist secretary of the 1930s. For the South Vietnamese pilot involved in the 1962 coup attempt, see Nguyễn Văn Cử (pilot).

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Nguyễn Văn Cừ
General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam
In office30 March 1938 – 9 November 1940
Preceded by	Hà Huy Tập
Succeeded by	Trường Chinh
Personal details
Born	(1912-07-09)9 July 1912Bắc Ninh Province, French Indochina
Died	28 August 1941(1941-08-28) (aged 29)Saigon, French Indochina
Political party	Communist Party of Vietnam

Nguyễn Văn Cừ (9 July 1912 – 28 August 1941) was a Vietnamese revolutionary, a descendant of Nguyễn Trãi. He served as the fourth General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) 30 March 1938 – 9 November 1940.

Early years

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Nguyễn Văn Cừ was born into a Confucian family in Phù Khê commune (now Phù Khê ward, Từ Sơn city, Bắc Ninh province). His 17th great-grandfather was Nguyễn Trãi.

In 1927, he went to Hanoi to study high school at the Protectorate School and participated in many patriotic activities of students. In May, he was expelled by the colonial government and had to go to Hà Lỗ village (Đông Anh) to teach.

Revolutionary career

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In early 1928, he joined the Vietnamese Revolutionary Youth League. In August, he was arrested and detained for 12 days. After being released from prison, he was introduced by Secretary of the Bắc Ninh Provincial Party Committee Ngô Gia Tự to Secretary of the Haiphong Party Committee Nguyễn Đức Cảnh, who was sent to work at the Vàng Danh mine (Uông Bí) under the alias Phùng.

On June 17, 1929, Nguyễn Văn Cừ was admitted to the first Indochina Communist Party cell in Hanoi. In September, he was assigned to the Haiphong City Party Committee, then went to work at Mạo Khê mine under the alias Phùng Ngọc Tường. In 1930, the Communist Party of Vietnam was born, and he was assigned by Nguyễn Đức Cảnh to work in mines in Quảng Yên in Hai Ninh Province. In October, he was appointed by the Northern Region Party Committee to be the Representative of the Regional Party Committee next to the Hồng Gai - Uông Bí Special Region Party Committee led by Vũ Văn Hiếu as Secretary. On February 15, 1931, on the way from Cẩm Phả to Hòn Gai, he was arrested by the French colonial authorities, sentenced to hard labor, and exiled to Côn Đảo.

In November 1936, he was released and returned to secret activities in Hanoi. Nguyễn Văn Cừ focused on the work of restoring the Party base and promoting the people's agitational activities and succeeded in re-establishing the Northern Party Committee and becoming a member of the Standing Committee of the Northern Party Committee. In September 1937, Nguyễn Văn Cừ was appointed to the Standing Committee of the Central Committee of the Indochina Communist Party at the Hóc Môn conference in Gia Định Province. At the Central Executive Committee Conference held on March 29, 1938 he was elected General Secretary at the age of 26.

At the Central Executive Committee Conference in March 1938, Nguyễn Văn Cừ and the Party Central Committee developed a Resolution "reviewing the work, outlining the Party's tasks in the new period, determining the issue of establishing a Front. Unified democracy is a central task of the Party in the current period." Right after the Central Executive Committee Conference, he immediately promoted the establishment of the Indochina Democratic Front, following the Comintern's promotion of popular front politics.

Under his direct direction, the November 1939 Central Executive Committee Conference Resolution decided important issues in shifting revolutionary strategy. The Party advocates temporarily shelved the slogan of land reform and proposing instead the slogan of confiscating land from imperialists and landlords who betray national interests, opposing high rents and combatting usury while temporarily shelving the slogan of establishing a Soviet of workers, farmers, and soldiers, replaced by the establishment of a democratic republican government and the establishment of the Indochina Anti-Imperial People's Front.

On January 17, 1940, Nguyễn Văn Cừ, Lê Duẩn and Vu Van Hieu (with documents stating his name as "Nguyen Van Hieu") were arrested in Saigon with many important documents and sentenced to prison.

After the 1940 Cochinchina uprising, he was accused by the French colonialists of drafting the "Resolution to establish the Indochina Anti-Imperial National United Front", "advocating violence" and being "a person responsible for the Cochinchina uprising" and sentenced to death.

On August 28, 1941, Nguyễn Văn Cừ was shot at the Giồng T-road junction (ngã ba Giồng) in Hóc Môn District along with Nguyễn Thị Minh Khai and Võ Văn Tần.[1]

References

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1. ^ Erik Harms, Saigon's Edge: On the Margins of Ho Chi Minh City - Page 29 "... intersection, where many anticolonial figures perished, including, most famously, the trio of Nguyễn thị Minh Khai, Võ Văn Tần, and Nguyễn Văn Cừ, who were put before the firing squads there on August 28, 1941.

v t e Communist Party of Vietnam
Central Committee	General Secretary Trần Phú (1930–31) Lê Hồng Phong (1931–36) Hà Huy Tập (1936–38) Nguyễn Văn Cừ (1938–40) Trường Chinh (1940–56) Hồ Chí Minh (1956–1960) Lê Duẩn (1960–86) Trường Chinh (Jul.–Dec. 1986) Nguyễn Văn Linh (1986–91) Đỗ Mười (1991–97) Lê Khả Phiêu (1997–01) Nông Đức Mạnh (2001–11) Nguyễn Phú Trọng (2011–2024) Tô Lâm (2024–present) Permanent Member Nguyễn Duy Trinh (1976–82) Lê Đức Thọ (1980–82) Lê Thanh Nghị (1980–82) Võ Chí Công (1982–86) Nguyễn Văn Linh (June–Dec. 1986) Đỗ Mười (1986–88) Nguyễn Thanh Bình (1988–91) Lê Đức Anh (1991–92) Đào Duy Tùng (1991–96) Lê Khả Phiêu (1996–97) Phạm Thế Duyệt (1998–01) Nguyễn Phú Trọng (1999–01) Trần Đình Hoan (Apr.–Jul. 2001) Phan Diễn (2002–06) Trương Tấn Sang (2006–11) Lê Hồng Anh (2011–16) Đinh Thế Huynh (2016–18) Trần Quốc Vượng (2018–21) Võ Văn Thưởng (2021–2023) Trương Thị Mai (2023–2024) Lương Cường (2024–present) Decision-making bodies Politburo Secretariat Central Military Commission Central Inspection Commission Apparatus Commission for External Relations Central Office Mass Mobilization Commission Commission for Information and Education Organisation Commission Theoretical Council Hồ Chí Minh National Academy of Politics and Public Administration National Political Publishing House – The Truth Nhân Dân The Communist Newspaper Steering committees Anti-corruption Central Highlands Judicial Reform Northwest Southwest
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Wider organisation	Other organs Constitution Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union Ho Chi Minh Young Pioneer Organization Vietnam People's Armed Forces
Ideology	Ho Chi Minh Thought Marxism–Leninism Socialist-oriented market economy Đổi Mới

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