Penalty - Wiktionary

See also: pénalty

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:penaltyWikipedia

Alternative forms

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• pœnalty (archaic)

Etymology

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From Middle French pénalité, from pénal, from Latin poenālis, from poena, borrowing of Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ), from Proto-Hellenic *kʷoinā́, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂, comprising *kʷey- + *-néh₂.

Pronunciation

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• IPA(key): /ˈpɛn.əl.ti/

  • Audio (Southern England):

    (file)

• (Indic) IPA(key): /pɛˈnæl.ʈi/, /ˈpɛ.nəl.ʈi/
• Hyphenation: pen‧al‧ty

Noun

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penalty (plural penalties)

1. A legal sentence. The penalty for his crime was to do hard labor.
2. A punishment for violating rules of procedure. Synonyms: punishment, punition, sentence; see also Thesaurus:penalty
   • 1900, Charles W[addell] Chesnutt, chapter I, in The House Behind the Cedars, Boston, Mass.; New York, N.Y.: Houghton, Mifflin and Company […], →OCLC:Was it so irreconcilable, Warwick wondered, as still to peal out the curfew bell, which at nine o'clock at night had clamorously warned all negroes, slave or free, that it was unlawful for them to be abroad after that hour, under penalty of imprisonment or whipping?
3. (finance) A payment forfeited for an early withdrawal from an account or an investment.
4. In sports:
   1. (soccer) A direct free kick from the penalty spot, taken after a defensive foul in the penalty box; a penalty kick.
   2. (ice hockey) A punishment for an infraction of the rules, often in the form of being removed from play for a specified amount of time. A penalty was called when he tripped up his opponent.
5. A disadvantageous consequence of a previous event.
   • 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XV, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume III, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 126:"But you, my noble, my generous girl!" exclaimed Lord Avonleigh, "I dare not let you pay the penalty of my former folly."

Derived terms

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• counterpenalty
• death penalty
• drive-through penalty
• face mask penalty
• fixed penalty notice
• long lap penalty
• loyalty penalty
• marriage penalty
• match penalty
• minor penalty
• pay the penalty
• penalty arc
• penalty area
• penalty box
• penalty card
• penalty copy
• penalty corner
• penalty envelope
• penalty function
• penalty goal
• penalty kick
• penalty kill
• penalty loop
• penalty mark
• penalty phase
• penalty point
• penalty rate
• penalty shootout
• penalty shoot-out
• penalty shot
• penalty spot
• penalty throw
• penalty try
• penalty turn
• penalty unit
• Pessi
• point penalty
• prepayment penalty
• stop-and-go penalty

Related terms

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• penal
• penality (rare)
• penalize

Descendants

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• → Gulf Arabic: بلنتي (balanti)
• → Portuguese: pênalti / penálti
• → Spanish: penalti
• → Swahili: penalti

Translations

[edit] legal sentence

Armenian: պատիժ (hy) (patiž) Azerbaijani: cəza (az) Belarusian: пакара́нне n (pakaránnje), ка́ра f (kára) Bulgarian: наказа́ние (bg) n (nakazánie), са́нкция (bg) f (sánkcija) Cornish: spal m Danish: straf c Dutch: straf (nl) f Finnish: rangaistus (fi) French: penalisation f German: Strafe (de) f Greek: κύρωση (el) f (kýrosi), ποινή (el) f (poiní), τιμωρία (el) f (timoría) Hungarian: büntetés (hu) Icelandic: hegning (is) f Irish: pionós (ga) m Japanese: 刑 (ja) (けい, kei), 刑罰 (ja) (けいばつ, keibatsu) Korean: 처벌(處罰) (ko) (cheobeol), 형벌(刑罰) (hyeongbeol) Latgalian: struope f Latin: multa (la) f Latvian: sods m Lithuanian: bausmė f Macedonian: ка́зна f (kázna) Malay: hukuman (ms) Malayalam: ശിക്ഷ (ml) (śikṣa) Norwegian: Bokmål: straff (no) m Nynorsk: straff f Polish: kara (pl) f Portuguese: pena (pt) f Romanian: penalizare (ro) f, pedeapsă (ro) f Russian: наказа́ние (ru) n (nakazánije), взыска́ние (ru) n (vzyskánije), штраф (ru) m (štraf) Scottish Gaelic: peanas m Spanish: pena (es) f Swedish: straff (sv) n Tagalog: parusa (tl) Ukrainian: покара́ння n (pokaránnja), ка́ра f (kára) Walloon: poenne (wa) f, poenålté f Welsh: cosb (cy) f

punishment for violating rules of procedure

Arabic: جَزَاء m (jazāʔ) Armenian: տուգանք (hy) (tugankʻ) Belarusian: штраф m (štraf) Bulgarian: гло́ба (bg) f (glóba) Catalan: càstig (ca) m Cebuano: silot Chinese: Mandarin: 懲罰 / 惩罚 (zh) (chéngfá) Cornish: spal m Dutch: straf (nl) f Finnish: rangaistus (fi) French: peine (fr) f German: Strafe (de) f Greek: αντίτιμο (el) n (antítimo), τιμωρία (el) f (timoría) Hindi: दण्ड (hi) m (daṇḍ), सज़ा f (sazā) Hungarian: büntetés (hu), bírság (hu) Icelandic: hegning (is) f Irish: pionós (ga) m Italian: penalità f Japanese: 罰 (ja) (ばつ, batsu), 懲らしめ (ja) (こらしめ, korasime), 懲罰 (ja) (ちょうばつ, chōbatsu), 仕置き (ja) (しおき, shioki) Kikuyu: ihera class 5 Korean: 형벌(刑罰) (hyeongbeol), 징벌(懲罰) (ko) (jingbeol) Macedonian: ка́зна f (kázna), гло́ба f (glóba) Malayalam: ശിക്ഷ (ml) (śikṣa) Norwegian: Bokmål: straff (no) m Nynorsk: straff f Plautdietsch: Strof f Polish: kara (pl) f Portuguese: penalidade (pt) f Romanian: pedeapsă (ro) f Russian: штраф (ru) m (štraf) Scottish Gaelic: peanas m Sikkimese: ཀྱོམ (kyom) Spanish: castigo (es) m Swahili: penalti (sw), faini (sw) Swedish: straff (sv) n Tagalog: bayad-sala, parusa (tl) Turkish: Ottoman Turkish: جزا (ceza) Ukrainian: штраф m (štraf) Vietnamese: trừng phạt (vi) Welsh: cosb (cy) f

finance: payment for early withdrawal

Finnish: korvaus (fi) German: Pönale (de) f or n, Vertragsstrafe (de) f Malayalam: പിഴ (ml) (piḻa)

penalty kick — see penalty kick punishment in ice hockey

Bulgarian: наказа́ние (bg) n (nakazánie) Esperanto: penalo Finnish: rangaistus (fi), jäähy (fi) German: Strafe (de) f Irish: pionós (ga) m Macedonian: пена́л m (penál) Russian: булли́т (ru) m (bullít), штрафно́й бросо́к m (štrafnój brosók) Swedish: utvisning (sv) c

See also

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• free kick

Anagrams

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• a-plenty, aplenty, netplay

Dutch

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Etymology

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Borrowed from English penalty.

Pronunciation

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• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: pe‧nal‧ty

Noun

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penalty m (plural penalty's, diminutive penalty'tje n)

1. (soccer) penalty kick Synonym: strafschop

French

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Alternative forms

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• pénalty (post-1990 spelling)

Etymology

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Borrowed from English penalty, itself a borrowing from French pénalité (thus a reborrowing). Doublet of pénalité.

Pronunciation

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• IPA(key): /pe.nal.ti/

• Audio (France (Toulouse)):

  (file)

• Audio (France (Lyon)):

  (file)

• Audio (France (Lyon)):

  (file)

Noun

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penalty m (plural penaltys or penalties)

1. (sports) penalty, penalty kick

Further reading

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• “penalty”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012

Romanian

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Alternative forms

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• penalti

Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing from French penalty or English penalty.

Noun

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penalty n (plural penalty-uri)

1. (soccer, sports) penalty

Declension

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singular		plural
indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative-accusative	penalty	penalty-ul	penalty-uri	penalty-urile
genitive-dative	penalty	penalty-ului	penalty-uri	penalty-urilor
vocative	penalty-ule		penalty-urilor