R Phrases And S Phrases - MSDS-Europe

Safety data sheet knowledge base – R phrases and S phrases

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The R phrases and S phrases shall not be used from 1 June 2017.

Hazard classification should be indicated with hazard signs and hazard symbols and/or R phrases as well as S phrases. R phrase and R number: phrases indicating the risks of hazardous preparations and substances, and their numbers respectively. S phrase and S number: phrases related to the safe handling of hazardous preparations, and their numbers respectively. Risk Phrases (R) and Safety Phrases (S) also occur in combinations (combined R and S phrases).

R and S Phrases are separated with dashes or slashes which mean the following:

dash: R Phrases and S Phrases are formulated separately

slash : the possibility of formulating R Phrases or S Phrases in a single sentence (combined R or S Phrases)

It is a general rule that in case of preparations usually a maximum of 6 phrases are applied to inform about the risks; in this respect combined phrases are regarded as single phrases. The sentences that are applied should inform about all significant hazards of the preparation, therefore in some cases more than 6 R Phrases may be necessary. The R Phrases on the label as well as the method and aim of the preparation’s intended use should be taken into account in the final choice of S Phrases. As a general rule, a maximum of 6 sentences are used to inform about the most necessary precautions; in this respect combined phrases are regarded as single phrases. In some cases more than 6 S Phrases may be necessary.

R-phrases

R1 – Explosive when dry. R2 – Risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition. R3 – Extreme risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition. R4 – Forms very sensitive explosive metallic compounds. R5 – Heating may cause an explosion. R6 – Explosive with or without contact with air. R7 – May cause fire. R8 – Contact with combustible material may cause fire. R9 – Explosive when mixed with combustible material. R10 – Flammable. R11 – Highly flammable. R12 – Extremely flammable. R14 – Reacts violently with water. R15 – Contact with water liberates extremely flammable gases. R16 – Explosive when mixed with oxidizing substances. R17 – Spontaneously flammable in air. R18 – In use, may form flammable/explosive vapour-air mixture. R19 – May form explosive peroxides. R20 – Harmful by inhalation. R21 – Harmful in contact with skin. R22 – Harmful if swallowed. R23 – Toxic by inhalation. R24 – Toxic in contact with skin. R25 – Toxic if swallowed. R26 – Very toxic by inhalation. R27 – Very toxic in contact with skin. R28 – Very toxic if swallowed. R29 – Contact with water liberates toxic gas. R30 – Can become highly flammable in use. R31 – Contact with acids liberates toxic gas. R32 – Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas. R33 – Danger of cumulative effects. R34 – Causes burns. R35 – Causes severe burns. R36 – Irritating to eyes. R37 – Irritating to respiratory system. R38 – Irritating to skin. R39 – Danger of very serious irreversible effects. R40 – Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect. R41 – Risk of serious damage to eyes. R42 – May cause sensitization by inhalation. R43 – May cause sensitisation by skin contact. R44 – Risk of explosion if heated under confinement. R45 – May cause cancer. R46 – May cause heritable genetic damage. R48 – Danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure. R49 – May cause cancer by inhalation. R50 – Very toxic to aquatic organisms. R51 – Toxic to aquatic organisms. R52 – Harmful to aquatic organisms. R53 – May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R54 – Toxic to flora. R55 – Toxic to fauna. R56 – Toxic to soil organisms. R57 – Toxic to bees. R58 – May cause long-term adverse effects in the environment. R59 – Dangerous for the ozone layer. R60 – May impair fertility. R61 – May cause harm to the unborn child. R62 – Possible risk of impaired fertility. R63 – Possible risk of harm to the unborn child. R64 – May cause harm to breastfed babies. R65 – Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed. R66 – Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking. R67 – Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness. R68 – Possible risk of irreversible effects. R 14/15 – Reacts violently with water, liberating extremely flammable gases. R 15/29 – Contact with water liberates toxic, extremely flammable gas. R 20/21 – Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin. R 20/22 – Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed. R 21/22 – Harmful in contact with skin and if swallowed. R 20/21/22 – Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R 23/24 – Toxic by inhalation and in contact with skin. R 24/25 – Toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed. R 23/25 – Toxic by inhalation and if swallowed. R 23/24/25 – Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R 26/27 – Very toxic by inhalation and in contact with skin. R 26/28 – Very toxic by inhalation and if swallowed. R 26/27/28 – Very toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R 27/28 – Very toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed. R 36/37 – Irritating to eyes and respiratory system. R 36/38 – Irritating to eyes and skin. R 37/38 – Irritating to respiratory system and skin. R 36/387/38 – Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. R 39/23 – Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation. R 39/24 – Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin. R 39/25 – Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects if swallowed. R 39/32/24 – Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin. R 39/23/25 – Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed. R 39/24/25 – Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed. R 39/23/24/25 – Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R 39/26 – Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation. R 39/26/27 – Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin. R 39/27 – Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin. R 39/28 – Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects if swallowed. R 39/26/28 – Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed. R 39/27/28 – Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed. R 39/26/27/28 – Very toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R 68/20 – Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation. R 68/21 – Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects in contact with skin. R 68/22 – Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects if swallowed. R 68/20/21 – Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin. R 68/20/22 – Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed. R 68/21/22 – Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed. R 68/20/21/22 – Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R 42/43 – May cause sensitization by inhalation and skin contact. R 48/20 – Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation. R 48/21 – Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin. R 48/22 – Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed. R 48/20/21 – Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and in contact with skin. R 48/20/22 – Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and if swallowed. R 48/21/22 – Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin and if swallowed. R 48/20/21/22 – Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R 48/23 – Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation. R 48/24 – Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin. R 48/25 – Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed. R 48/23/24 – Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and in contact with skin. R 48/23/25 – Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and if swallowed. R 48/24/25 – Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin and if swallowed. R 48/23/24/25 – Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R 50/53 – Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R 51/53 – Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R 52/53 – Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.

S-phrases

S 1 – Keep locked up S 2 – Keep out of the reach of children S 3 – Keep in a cool place S 4 – Keep away from living quarters S 5 – Keep contents under … (appropriate liquid to be specified by the manufacturer) S 6 – Keep under … (inert gas to be specified by the manufacturer) S 7 – Keep container tightly closed S 8 – Keep container dry S 9 – Keep container in a well-ventilated place S 12 – Do not keep the container sealed S 13 – Keep away from food, drink and animal feedingstuffs S 14 – Keep away from … (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer) S 15 – Keep away from heat S 16 – Keep away from sources of ignition – No smoking S 17 – Keep away from combustible material S 18 – Handle and open container with care S 20 – When using do not eat or drink S 21 – When using do not smoke S 22 – Do not breathe dust S 23 – Do not breathe gas/fumes/vapour/spray (appropriate wording to be specified by the manufacturer) S 24 – Avoid contact with skin S 25 – Avoid contact with eyes S 26 – In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice S 27 – Take off immediately all contaminated clothing S 28 – After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of (to be specified by the manufacturer) S 29 – Do not empty into drains S 30 – Never add water to this product S 33 – Take precautionary measures against static discharges S 35 – This material and its container must be disposed of in a safe way S 36 – Wear suitable protective clothing S 37 – Wear suitable gloves S 38 – In case of insufficient ventilation wear suitable respiratory equipment S 39 – Wear eye/face protection S 40 – To clean the floor and all objects contaminated by this material use … (to be specified by the manufacturer) S 41 – In case of fire and/or explosion do not breathe fumes S 42 – During fumigation/spraying wear suitable respiratory equipment (appropriate wording to be specified by the manufacturer) S 43 – In case of fire use … (indicate in the space the precise type of fire-fighting equipment. If water increases the risk add: Never use water) S 45 – In case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible) S 46 – If swallowed, seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label S 47 – Keep at temperature not exceeding …°C (to be specified by the manufacturer) S 48 – Keep wetted with … (appropriate material to be specified by the manufacturer) S 49 – Keep only in the original container S 50 – Do not mix with … (to be specified by the manufacturer) S 51 – Use only in well-ventilated areas S 52 – Not recommended for interior use on large surface areas S 53 – Avoid exposure – Obtain special instructions before use S 56 – Dispose of this material and its container to hazardous or special waste collection point S 57 – Use appropriate containment to avoid environmental contamination S 59 – Refer to manufacturer/supplier for information on recovery/recycling S 60 – This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste S 61 – Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/safety data sheet S 62 – If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label S 63 – In case of accident by inhalation: remove casualty to fresh air and keep at rest S 64 – If swallowed, rinse mouth with water (only if the person is conscious) S 1/2 – Keep locked up and out of the reach of children. S 3/7 – Keep container tightly closed in a cool place. S 3/9/14 – Keep in a cool, well-ventilated place away from … (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer). S 3/9/49 – Keep only in the original container in a cool, well-ventilated place. S 3/9/14/49 – Keep only in the original container in a cool, well-ventilated place away from … (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer). S 3/14 – Keep in a cool place away from … (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer). S 7/8 – Keep container tightly closed and dry. S 7/9 – Keep container tightly closed and in a well-ventilated place. S 7/47 – Keep container tightly closed and at a temperature not exceeding … oC (to be specified by the manufacturer). S 20/21 – When using do not eat, drink or smoke. S 24/25 – Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S 27/28 – After contact with skin, take off immediately all contaminated clothing, and wash immediately with plenty of … (to be specified by the manufacturer). S 29/35 – Do not empty into drains; dispose of this material and its container in a safe way. S 29/56 – Do not empty into drains, dispose of this material and its container at hazardous or special waste collection point. S 36/37 – Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S 36/39 – Wear suitable protective clothing and eye/face protection. S 37/39 – Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection. S 36/37/39 – Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S 47/49 – Keep only in the original container at a temperature not exceeding … oC (to be specified by the manufacturer).

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Recommended article(s) 

• H statements
• P statements
• Hazard pictogram

Frequently Asked Questions and Answers

Why are R- and S-phrases no longer applicable after 1 June 2017? Because from that date the former R/S system was replaced by CLP-style H (hazard) and P (precautionary) statements.What do the numbers separated by a hyphen or a slash mean in R- and S-phrases? A hyphen indicates separately worded risks/precautions, while a slash denotes a combined (composite) statement expressed in a single sentence.How many R or S phrases may generally be used on a mixture label? As a general rule, no more than six R- and six S-phrases are used, though more may be necessary in justified cases.What ultimately determines which R- and S-phrases appear on the label? Primarily the essential information that must be conveyed, taking into account the mixture’s hazards, intended use, and the clarity/readability of the label.