Reaction Between Ethanol, Sulfuric Acid And Potassium Permanganate

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Experiment 1

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Experiment 2

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Partial redox systems

Ethanol $\Rightarrow$ ethanal: $CH_3CH_2OH$ $-$ $2e^-$ $\rightarrow$ $ CH_3CHO$ $+$ $2H^+$ Ethanal $\Rightarrow$ ethanoic (acetic) acid: $CH_3CHO$ $-$ $2e^-$ $+$ $H_2O$ $\rightarrow$ $ CH_3COOH$ $+$ $2H^+$

Redox reactions

- First step: Ethanol $\Rightarrow$ ethanal: $CH_3CH_2OH$ $-$ $2e^-$ $\rightarrow$ $ CH_3CHO$ $+$ $2H^+$ | $\cdot 5$ $MnO_4^-$ $+$ $5e^-$ $+$ $8H^+$ $\rightarrow$ $ Mn^{2+}$ $+$ $4H_2O$ | $\cdot 2$ $5CH_3CH_2OH$ $+$ $2MnO_4^-$ $ +$ $6H^+$ $\rightarrow$ $ 5CH_3CHO$ $ + $ $2Mn^{2+}$ $+$ $8H_2O$

- Second step: ethanal $\Rightarrow$ ethanoic (acetic) acid: $CH_3CHO$ $-$ $2e^-$ $+$ $H_2O$ $\rightarrow$ $ CH_3COOH$ $+$ $2H^+$ | $\cdot 5$ $MnO_4^-$ $+$ $5e^-$ $+$ $8H^+$ $\rightarrow$ $ Mn^{2+}$ $+$ $4H_2O$ | $\cdot 2$ $5CH_3CHO$ $+$ $2MnO_4^-$ $ +$ $6H^+$ $\rightarrow$ $ 5CH_3COOH$ $ +$ $ 2Mn^{2+}$ $+$ $3H_2O$

A color change from purple $(MnO_4^-)$ to palepink $(Mn^{2+})$ is observed !

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